Supplementary Provisions, Article 8Preparatory Acts Accompanying Enforcement of the Provisions of Article 51
第八条(第五十一条の規定の施行に伴う準備行為)
The national government, in order to ensure the proper handling, under the provisions of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 (hereinafter referred to as the "Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51" in this Article, the following Article and Article 10, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions), of personal information that local government organs and local incorporated administrative agencies hold, is to, after ascertaining the state of implementation of the preparatory acts necessary for the enforcement of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 in local government organs and local incorporated administrative agencies by requesting local governments to submit necessary materials or by other means, give technical advice or recommendations on those preparatory acts if it finds it necessary.
Notification under the provisions of Article 167, paragraph (1) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 may also be made before the date of enforcement of the provisions of Article 51 (referred to as the "Article 51 Effective Date" in the following Article).
第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第百六十七条第一項の規定による届出は、第五十一条の規定の施行の日(次条において「第五十一条施行日」という。)前においても行うことができる。
Supplementary Provisions, Article 9Transitional Measures Accompanying Enforcement of the Provisions of Article 51
第九条(第五十一条の規定の施行に伴う経過措置)
If there is consent of the identifiable person concerning the handling of personal information on the identifiable person that was given, before the Article 51 Effective Date, to a specified local incorporated administrative agency or the equivalent (meaning a person listed in Article 58, paragraph (1), item (ii) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, or a person listed in Article 58, paragraph (2), item (i) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 that is deemed, pursuant to paragraph (2) of that Article, to be a business handling personal information prescribed in Article 16, paragraph (2) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, a business handling pseudonymized personal information prescribed in paragraph (5) of that Article, or a business handling information related to personal information prescribed in paragraph (7) of that Article; the same applies hereinafter in this Article), and that consent is equivalent to consent to the effect of permitting the handling of personal information for a purpose other than the purpose of use specified pursuant to the provisions of Article 17, paragraph (1) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, the consent referred to in Article 18, paragraph (1) or (2) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 is deemed to have been given on the Article 51 Effective Date.
第五十一条施行日前に特定地方独立行政法人等(第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第五十八条第一項第二号に掲げる者又は同条第二項の規定により第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第十六条第二項に規定する個人情報取扱事業者、同条第五項に規定する仮名加工情報取扱事業者若しくは同条第七項に規定する個人関連情報取扱事業者とみなされる第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第五十八条第二項第一号に掲げる者をいう。以下この条において同じ。)に対しされた本人の個人情報の取扱いに関する同意がある場合において、その同意が第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第十七条第一項の規定により特定される利用目的以外の目的で個人情報を取り扱うことを認める旨の同意に相当するものであるときは、第五十一条施行日において第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第十八条第一項又は第二項の同意があったものとみなす。
If there is consent of the identifiable person concerning the handling of personal information on the identifiable person that was given to a specified local incorporated administrative agency or the equivalent before the Article 51 Effective Date, and that consent is equivalent to consent to the effect of permitting the provision of personal data to a third party pursuant to the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (1) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, the consent referred to in that paragraph is deemed to have been given on the Article 51 Effective Date.
第五十一条施行日前に特定地方独立行政法人等に対しされた本人の個人情報の取扱いに関する同意がある場合において、その同意が第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二十七条第一項の規定による個人データの第三者への提供を認める旨の同意に相当するものであるときは、第五十一条施行日において同項の同意があったものとみなす。
A specified local incorporated administrative agency or the equivalent that intends to provide personal data to a third party pursuant to the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (2) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 may, even before the Article 51 Effective Date, as provided by Order of the Personal Information Protection Commission, notify the identifiable person of matters equivalent to those set forth in the items of that paragraph and file a notification of them with the Personal Information Protection Commission. In this case, that notice and notification are deemed to be the notice and notification under the provisions of that paragraph on or after the Article 51 Effective Date.
第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二十七条第二項の規定により個人データを第三者に提供しようとする特定地方独立行政法人等は、第五十一条施行日前においても、個人情報保護委員会規則で定めるところにより、同項各号に掲げる事項に相当する事項について、本人に通知するとともに、個人情報保護委員会に届け出ることができる。この場合において、当該通知及び届出は、第五十一条施行日以後は、同項の規定による通知及び届出とみなす。
If, before the Article 51 Effective Date, a specified local incorporated administrative agency or the equivalent has notified the identifiable person of matters equivalent to the matters that must be notified to the identifiable person or made readily accessible to the identifiable person pursuant to the provisions of Article 27, paragraph (5), item (iii) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, that notice is deemed to be the notice under the provisions of that item on or after the Article 51 Effective Date.
第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二十七条第五項第三号の規定により本人に通知し、又は本人が容易に知り得る状態に置かなければならない事項に相当する事項について、第五十一条施行日前に、特定地方独立行政法人等により本人に通知されているときは、当該通知は、第五十一条施行日以後は、同号の規定による通知とみなす。
If there is consent of the identifiable person concerning the handling of personal information on the identifiable person that was given to a specified local incorporated administrative agency or the equivalent before the Article 51 Effective Date, and that consent is equivalent to consent to the effect of permitting the provision of personal data to a third party in a foreign country pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph (1) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, the consent referred to in that paragraph is deemed to have been given on the Article 51 Effective Date.
第五十一条施行日前に特定地方独立行政法人等に対しされた本人の個人情報の取扱いに関する同意がある場合において、その同意が第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二十八条第一項の規定による個人データの外国にある第三者への提供を認める旨の同意に相当するものであるときは、第五十一条施行日において同項の同意があったものとみなす。
The provisions of Article 28, paragraph (2) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 apply to cases in which a specified local incorporated administrative agency or the equivalent obtains the consent of the identifiable person pursuant to the provisions of Article 28, paragraph (1) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 on or after the Article 51 Effective Date.
第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二十八条第二項の規定は、特定地方独立行政法人等が第五十一条施行日以後に第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二十八条第一項の規定により本人の同意を得る場合について適用する。
The provisions of Article 28, paragraph (3) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 apply to cases in which a specified local incorporated administrative agency or the equivalent provides personal data, on or after the Article 51 Effective Date, to a third party in a foreign country prescribed in that paragraph.
第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二十八条第三項の規定は、特定地方独立行政法人等が第五十一条施行日以後に個人データを同項に規定する外国にある第三者に提供した場合について適用する。
If there is consent of the identifiable person concerning the handling of information related to personal information on the identifiable person that was given to a specified local incorporated administrative agency or the equivalent before the Article 51 Effective Date, and that consent is equivalent to consent to the effect of permitting the provision of information related to personal information to a third party pursuant to the provisions of Article 31, paragraph (1), item (i) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, the consent referred to in that item is deemed to have been given on the Article 51 Effective Date.
第五十一条施行日前に特定地方独立行政法人等に対しされた本人の個人関連情報の取扱いに関する同意がある場合において、その同意が第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第三十一条第一項第一号の規定による個人関連情報の第三者への提供を認める旨の同意に相当するものであるときは、第五十一条施行日において同号の同意があったものとみなす。
The provisions of Article 28, paragraph (3) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, which are applied mutatis mutandis with terms replaced pursuant to Article 31, paragraph (2) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, apply to cases in which a specified local incorporated administrative agency or the equivalent provides information related to personal information, on or after the Article 51 Effective Date, to a third party in a foreign country prescribed in Article 28, paragraph (3) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51.
第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第三十一条第二項において読み替えて準用する第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二十八条第三項の規定は、特定地方独立行政法人等が第五十一条施行日以後に個人関連情報を同項に規定する外国にある第三者に提供した場合について適用する。
If there is consent of the identifiable person concerning the handling of personal information on the identifiable person that was given, before the Article 51 Effective Date, to a person listed in Article 2, paragraph (11), item (ii) or (iv) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 (excluding a person listed in Article 58, paragraph (2), item (i) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 that is deemed, pursuant to Article 58, paragraph (2) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, to be a business handling personal information prescribed in Article 16, paragraph (2) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51; the same applies hereinafter in this Article), and that consent is equivalent to consent to the effect of permitting the personal use or provision of personal information the administrative entity holds for a purpose other than the purpose of use specified pursuant to the provisions of Article 61, paragraph (1) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, the consent referred to in Article 69, paragraph (2), item (i) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 is deemed to have been given on the Article 51 Effective Date.
第五十一条施行日前に第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二条第十一項第二号又は第四号に掲げる者(第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第五十八条第二項の規定により第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第十六条第二項に規定する個人情報取扱事業者とみなされる第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第五十八条第二項第一号に掲げる者を除く。以下この条において同じ。)に対しされた本人の個人情報の取扱いに関する同意がある場合において、その同意が第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第六十一条第一項の規定により特定される利用目的以外の目的のために保有個人情報を自ら利用し、又は提供することを認める旨の同意に相当するものであるときは、第五十一条施行日において第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第六十九条第二項第一号の同意があったものとみなす。
If there is consent of the identifiable person concerning the handling of personal information on the identifiable person that was given, before the Article 51 Effective Date, to a person listed in Article 2, paragraph (11), item (ii) or (iv) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, and that consent is equivalent to consent to the effect of permitting the provision of personal information the administrative entity holds to a third party in a foreign country pursuant to the provisions of Article 71, paragraph (1) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51, the consent referred to in that paragraph is deemed to have been given on the Article 51 Effective Date.
第五十一条施行日前に第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二条第十一項第二号又は第四号に掲げる者に対しされた本人の個人情報の取扱いに関する同意がある場合において、その同意が第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第七十一条第一項の規定による保有個人情報の外国にある第三者への提供を認める旨の同意に相当するものであるときは、第五十一条施行日において同項の同意があったものとみなす。
The provisions of Article 71, paragraph (2) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 apply to cases in which a person listed in Article 2, paragraph (11), item (ii) or (iv) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 obtains the consent of the identifiable person pursuant to the provisions of Article 71, paragraph (1) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 on or after the Article 51 Effective Date.
第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第七十一条第二項の規定は、第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二条第十一項第二号又は第四号に掲げる者が第五十一条施行日以後に第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第七十一条第一項の規定により本人の同意を得る場合について適用する。
The provisions of Article 71, paragraph (3) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 apply to cases in which a person listed in Article 2, paragraph (11), item (ii) or (iv) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 provides personal information the administrative entity holds, on or after the Article 51 Effective Date, to a third party in a foreign country prescribed in Article 71, paragraph (3) of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51.
第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第七十一条第三項の規定は、第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第二条第十一項第二号又は第四号に掲げる者が第五十一条施行日以後に保有個人情報を第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法第七十一条第三項に規定する外国にある第三者に提供した場合について適用する。
Supplementary Provisions, Article 10Relationship Between Article 51 and Prefectural or Municipal Ordinances
第十条(第五十一条と条例との関係)
The part concerning the relevant act of a provision of a local government's Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance that provides for the punishment of an act regulated by the Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51 ceases to be effective at the same time as the provisions of Article 51 come into effect.
地方公共団体の条例の規定で、第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法で規制する行為を処罰する旨を定めているものの当該行為に係る部分については、第五十一条の規定の施行と同時に、その効力を失うものとする。
In the case where a provision of a Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance ceases to be effective pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if the local government concerned does not provide otherwise by Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance, with regard to the punishment of violations committed before the provision ceases to be effective, the provisions then in force continue to govern even after it ceases to be effective.
前項の規定により条例の規定がその効力を失う場合において、当該地方公共団体が条例で別段の定めをしないときは、その失効前にした違反行為の処罰については、その失効後も、なお従前の例による。
Supplementary Provisions, Article 71Transitional Measures Concerning Penal Provisions
第七十一条(罰則に関する経過措置)
With regard to the application of penal provisions to acts committed before this Act (or, for the provisions set forth in the items of Article 1 of the Supplementary Provisions, those provisions; the same applies hereinafter in this Article) comes into effect and to acts committed after this Act comes into effect in the cases where the provisions then in force continue to govern pursuant to the provisions of these Supplementary Provisions, the provisions then in force continue to govern.
この法律(附則第一条各号に掲げる規定にあっては、当該規定。以下この条において同じ。)の施行前にした行為及びこの附則の規定によりなお従前の例によることとされる場合におけるこの法律の施行後にした行為に対する罰則の適用については、なお従前の例による。
Supplementary Provisions, Article 72Delegation to Cabinet Order
第七十二条(政令への委任)
Beyond what is provided for in these Supplementary Provisions, the transitional measures necessary in connection with the enforcement of this Act (including transitional measures concerning penal provisions) are specified by Cabinet Order.
この附則に定めるもののほか、この法律の施行に関し必要な経過措置(罰則に関する経過措置を含む。)は、政令で定める。
Supplementary Provisions, Article 73Review
第七十三条(検討)
In order to make it possible to identify an individual by using the individual's name written in hiragana or katakana in applications, notifications, notices of dispositions, and other procedures relating to administrative entities, the Government is to consider specific measures for this, including making an individual's name written in hiragana or katakana a matter to be entered in the family register, aiming to do so within one year after the promulgation of this Act, and is to take necessary measures based on the results.
政府は、行政機関等に係る申請、届出、処分の通知その他の手続において、個人の氏名を平仮名又は片仮名で表記したものを利用して当該個人を識別できるようにするため、個人の氏名を平仮名又は片仮名で表記したものを戸籍の記載事項とすることを含め、この法律の公布後一年以内を目途としてその具体的な方策について検討を加え、その結果に基づいて必要な措置を講ずるものとする。
personal information
「個人情報」
Information about a living individual that either can identify that particular person by a name, date of birth or other identifier or the equivalent (記述等) it contains — including information that can easily be matched with other information and so identify the person — or contains an individual identification code (個人識別符号).
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (1)· applies throughout the law
identifiable person
「本人」
The particular individual whom a given piece of personal information identifies.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (4)
information related to personal information
「個人関連情報」
Information about a living individual that is not personal information (個人情報), pseudonymized personal information (仮名加工情報) or anonymized personal information (匿名加工情報).
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (7)· applies throughout the law
local incorporated administrative agency
「地方独立行政法人」
A corporation that a local government (地方公共団体) sets up under the Local Independent Administrative Agency Act to carry out, efficiently and effectively, public work in its area that must be done reliably, that the local government need not do itself, and that it judges might not get done if left to the private sector, as Article 2(1) of that Act defines it.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (10)· applies throughout the law
administrative entity
「行政機関等」
Administrative organs (行政機関); organs of local governments (地方公共団体の機関), other than their assemblies; incorporated administrative agencies or other prescribed corporations (独立行政法人等), other than the corporations listed in Appended Table 2 (別表第二); and local incorporated administrative agencies (地方独立行政法人), other than those whose main purpose is research (試験研究) or whose purpose is running universities or colleges of technology or a hospital business (病院事業), as Article 21 of the Local Independent Administrative Agency Act describes that work.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (11)· applies throughout the law
business handling personal information
「個人情報取扱事業者」
In Chapter IV and Chapters VI to VIII, a person that uses a personal information database or the equivalent (個人情報データベース等) for its business; national government bodies (国の機関), local governments (地方公共団体), incorporated administrative agencies or other prescribed corporations (独立行政法人等) and local incorporated administrative agencies (地方独立行政法人) are not, except the corporations listed in Appended Table 2 (別表第二) and the local incorporated administrative agencies that Article 2, paragraph (11), item (iv) leaves out of administrative entities (行政機関等).
Defined inArticle 16, paragraph (2)· applies only in this provision
business handling pseudonymized personal informationmachine translation
「仮名加工情報取扱事業者」
In Chapters IV, VI and VII, a person that uses a pseudonymized personal information database or the equivalent (仮名加工情報データベース等) for its business, other than the public bodies that Article 16, paragraph (2) leaves out.
Defined inArticle 16, paragraph (5)· applies only in this provision
business handling information related to personal informationmachine translation
「個人関連情報取扱事業者」
In Chapters IV, VI and VII, a person that uses a database or the equivalent of information related to personal information (個人関連情報データベース等) for its business, other than the public bodies that Article 16, paragraph (2) leaves out.
Defined inArticle 16, paragraph (7)· applies only in this provision
purpose of use
「利用目的」
The purpose for which personal information is used, which Article 17, paragraph (1) requires a business handling personal information (個人情報取扱事業者) to specify as far as possible when it handles personal information.
Short name set inArticle 17, paragraph (1)
foreign country
「外国」
A country or region outside Japan.
Defined inArticle 163, paragraph (1), item (ii)
Act on the Protection of Personal Information as Amended by Article 51machine translation
「第五十一条改正後個人情報保護法」
This Act as amended by Article 51 of Act No. 37 of 2021.
Short name set inSupplementary Provisions, Article 8, paragraph (1)· applies only in this article and in Supplementary Provisions, Article 9; and Supplementary Provisions, Article 10, paragraph (1)
Article 51 Effective Datemachine translation
「第五十一条施行日」
In Article 8, paragraph (2) and Article 9 of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 37 of 2021, the date Article 51 of that Act, which amended this Act, comes into effect.
Short name set inSupplementary Provisions, Article 8, paragraph (2)· applies only in this provision and in Supplementary Provisions, Article 9
specified local incorporated administrative agency or the equivalentmachine translation
「特定地方独立行政法人等」
In Article 9 of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 37 of 2021, the local incorporated administrative agencies (地方独立行政法人) listed in Article 58, paragraph (1), item (ii) of this Act as amended by Article 51 of that Act, and the organs of local governments (地方公共団体の機関) listed in paragraph (2), item (i) of that Article, which that paragraph treats as businesses handling personal information, pseudonymized personal information or information related to personal information.
Defined inSupplementary Provisions, Article 9, paragraph (1)· applies only in this article
family register
戸籍
The public record of who a person is related to by birth, marriage and adoption. One is made for each married couple and their children who share their surname, where they set their registered domicile (本籍); when a new register is made for a person married to a foreign national (外国人) or with no spouse, it is made for that person and their children who share their surname (Family Register Act, Article 6). The mayor of the municipality (in Tokyo's special wards and the wards of designated cities, the ward mayor) administers this work unless the Act provides otherwise (Articles 1 and 4). Besides the registered domicile, it records for each person their name and its reading, date of birth, why and when they entered the register, their parents and, for an adopted child, their adoptive parents, whether they are husband and wife, and the register they came from, among other things (Article 13). Entries are made on a notification (届出) — of a birth, a marriage, a divorce or a death, for example (Articles 49, 74, 76 and 86) — or on a report, an application, a court decision and a few other grounds (Article 15). When a marriage between a Japanese national and a foreign national is notified, a new family register is made for the Japanese national, not for the couple, unless the Japanese national already heads a register of their own (Article 6 and Article 16, paragraph (3)). A foreign national who lives in a municipality as a mid- to long-term resident (中長期在留者), a special permanent resident (特別永住者) or in one of a few other categories is recorded in that municipality's resident record (住民票): instead of the family register entry a Japanese resident's record carries, it states their nationality, and for a mid- to long-term resident their status of residence (在留資格) and period of stay (Residential Basic Book Act, Article 30-45). A foreign national in none of those categories is not recorded there (Article 39).
Written by AI using Family Register Act, Arts. 1, 4, 6, 13, 15, 16, 49, 74, 76, 86 and Residential Basic Book Act, Arts. 7, 30-45, 39 as a reference.
Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance
条例
A rule a local government makes for itself: a prefecture (都道府県), a city, town or village (市町村), or one of Tokyo's special wards (特別区) (Local Autonomy Act, Articles 1-3, 281 and 283). Its assembly (議会), whose members the residents elect, passes it (Articles 89 and 96, paragraph (1), item (i)), and its head — the governor or the mayor (Article 139) — promulgates it, that is, makes it public so that it can take effect (Article 16). The Constitution lets local governments make them within the limits of Acts (Constitution, Article 94), and one may not go against the national laws and regulations (法令), such as Acts, Cabinet Orders (政令) and Ministerial Orders (省令) (Local Autonomy Act, Article 14, paragraph (1)). Unless national laws and regulations provide otherwise, a local government can impose a duty or restrict a right only by one of these (Article 14, paragraph (2)), and it may write into one penalties for breaking it, within limits the Local Autonomy Act sets (Article 14, paragraph (3)). It is made for that local government's own affairs (Article 2, paragraph (2) and Article 14, paragraph (1)), so the same matter can be handled differently from one place to the next. It is a local rule, not a national one: an "ordinance" in the name of a national rule, such as an Ordinance for Enforcement of an Act, is usually a Ministerial Order (省令) or another national instrument.
Written by AI using Constitution, Art. 94 and Local Autonomy Act, Arts. 1-3, 2, 14, 16, 89, 96, 139, 281, 283 as a reference.
Personal Information Protection Commission
個人情報保護委員会
The commission the Act on the Protection of Personal Information sets up under Article 49, paragraph (3) of the Act for Establishment of the Cabinet Office (内閣府設置法), under the Prime Minister's jurisdiction (Act on the Protection of Personal Information, Article 130). It is made up of a chairperson and eight commissioners, four of them part-time, whom the Prime Minister appoints with the consent of both Houses of the Diet, and they exercise their authority independently (Articles 133 and 134). Its work includes supervising how businesses handle personal information and the related kinds of information (pseudonymized personal information, anonymized personal information and information related to personal information), monitoring how administrative organs and other public bodies (行政機関等) handle them, matters concerning certified personal information protection organizations (認定個人情報保護団体), and monitoring or supervising how specific personal information (特定個人情報) is handled (Article 132) — personal information that contains an individual number (個人番号), or a code used in its place other than a resident record code (Act on the Use of Numbers to Identify a Specific Individual in Administrative Procedures, Article 2, paragraph (9)). Over businesses that handle personal information and the related kinds of information it may, as far as is needed to enforce the Act's rules for them, require reports and material, have its officials enter their offices, ask questions and inspect, and give guidance and advice (Articles 146 and 147). Where a business breaks certain of those rules and the Commission finds it necessary to protect individuals, it may recommend that the business stop or correct the breach; where the business, without a legitimate reason, does not take the recommended measures and the Commission finds that a serious infringement of an individual's rights and interests is imminent, it may order it to take them; and where certain breaches seriously harm an individual's rights and interests and call for urgent action, it may order the business to stop or correct them without a recommendation first. It may make public that a business has disobeyed an order (Article 148). It may make Rules of the Personal Information Protection Commission (個人情報保護委員会規則) on the matters in its charge, to carry out an Act or a Cabinet Order (政令) or under a special delegation from one (Article 145).
Written by AI using Act on the Protection of Personal Information, Arts. 130, 132, 133, 134, 145, 146, 147, 148 and Act on the Use of Numbers to Identify a Specific Individual in Administrative Procedures, Art. 2 as a reference.
Rules of the Personal Information Protection Commission
個人情報保護委員会規則
Rules the Personal Information Protection Commission (個人情報保護委員会) makes on the matters in its charge, to carry out an Act or a Cabinet Order (政令) or under a special delegation from one (Act on the Protection of Personal Information, Article 145). The Commission is set up under Article 49, paragraph (3) of the Act for Establishment of the Cabinet Office (内閣府設置法) and comes under the Prime Minister (Article 130). It is made up of a chair and eight members, four of them part-time, whom the Prime Minister appoints with the consent of both Houses of the Diet, and they exercise their authority independently (Articles 133 and 134). Its work includes supervising how businesses handle personal information, monitoring how administrative organs and similar bodies handle it, and monitoring or supervising how specific personal information (特定個人情報) is handled (Article 132) — personal information that contains an individual number (個人番号), or a code used in its place other than a resident record code (Act on the Use of Numbers to Identify a Specific Individual in Administrative Procedures, Article 2, paragraph (9)). Where that Act leaves a detail to be set by these Rules (個人情報保護委員会規則で定める), the Rules are where it is written.
Written by AI using Act on the Protection of Personal Information, Arts. 130, 132, 133, 134, 145 and Act on the Use of Numbers to Identify a Specific Individual in Administrative Procedures, Art. 2 as a reference.