A final appeal may be filed on the grounds that the judgment reflects an error in the interpretation of the Constitution or that it is otherwise unconstitutional.
上告は、判決に憲法の解釈の誤りがあることその他憲法の違反があることを理由とするときに、することができる。
A final appeal may also be filed on the grounds that any of the following circumstances are present; provided, however, that this does not apply to the circumstances stated in item (iv) if the ratification under the provisions of Article 34, paragraph (2) has taken place (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 59):
the court that pronounced judgment was not composed in accordance with the law;
法律に従って判決裁判所を構成しなかったこと。
a judge who, by law, is not permitted to participate in the judgment, has participated in the judgment;
法律により判決に関与することができない裁判官が判決に関与したこと。
provisions on the exclusive jurisdiction of the Japanese courts have been violated;
日本の裁判所の管轄権の専属に関する規定に違反したこと。
provisions on exclusive jurisdiction have been violated (unless one of the courts specified in the items of Article 6, paragraph (1) has entered the final judgment in the first instance, and that litigation is subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of another court pursuant to the provisions of Article 6, paragraph (1));
authority to act as a person's legal representative, authority to act as a person's litigation representative, or the delegation of powers that a representative needs in order to perform procedural acts, was lacking;
法定代理権、訴訟代理権又は代理人が訴訟行為をするのに必要な授権を欠いたこと。
provisions on the opening of oral arguments to the public have been violated;
口頭弁論の公開の規定に違反したこと。
no reason has been given for the judgment, or the reasons given for the judgment conflict with each other.
判決に理由を付せず、又は理由に食違いがあること。
A final appeal to the high court may also be filed on the grounds of a violation of law or regulation that has clearly influenced the judgment.
高等裁判所にする上告は、判決に影響を及ぼすことが明らかな法令の違反があることを理由とするときも、することができる。