Article 3-7Benefits Specified by Cabinet Order in Article 46, paragraph (6) of the Act
第三条の七(法第四十六条第六項に規定する政令で定める給付)
The benefits having old age or retirement or disability as the ground for payment that are specified by Cabinet Order as prescribed in Article 46, paragraph (6) of the Act (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 54, paragraph (3) of the Act) are as follows; provided, however, that this excludes benefits that have disability as the ground for payment and for which payment is suspended in its entirety:
an employees' old-age pension (limited to one for which the number of months in the insured period that forms the basis for calculating the pension amount is 240 or more, one paid to a person who falls under any of Article 12, paragraph (1), items (iv) through (vii) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 1985 Amendment Act, one paid pursuant to the provisions of the Act as replaced pursuant to Article 35, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Act Partially Amending the Employees' Pension Insurance Act, etc. to Unify, etc. the Employees' Pension Systems (Act No. 63 of 2012; hereinafter referred to as the "2012 Pension Unification Act"), or one paid as a result of the application of Article 59, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2012 Pension Unification Act (including as applied pursuant to paragraph (2) of that Article)), a disability employees' pension, and an old-age pension and a disability pension under the Act prior to the amendment by Article 3 of the 1985 Amendment Act (hereinafter referred to as the "former Act");
老齢厚生年金(その年金額の計算の基礎となる被保険者期間の月数が二百四十以上であるもの又は昭和六十年改正法附則第十二条第一項第四号から第七号までのいずれかに該当する者に支給されるもの若しくは被用者年金制度の一元化等を図るための厚生年金保険法等の一部を改正する法律(平成二十四年法律第六十三号。以下「平成二十四年一元化法」という。)附則第三十五条第一項の規定により読み替えられた法の規定により支給されるもの若しくは平成二十四年一元化法附則第五十九条第一項(同条第二項の規定により適用する場合を含む。)の規定の適用を受けることにより支給されるものに限る。)及び障害厚生年金並びに昭和六十年改正法第三条の規定による改正前の法(以下「旧法」という。)による老齢年金及び障害年金
a disability basic pension under the National Pension Act and a disability pension under the National Pension Act prior to the amendment by Article 1 of the 1985 Amendment Act (hereinafter referred to as the "former National Pension Act");
an old-age pension and a disability pension under the Mariners Insurance Act prior to the amendment by Article 5 of the 1985 Amendment Act (hereinafter referred to as the "former Mariners Insurance Act");
昭和六十年改正法第五条の規定による改正前の船員保険法(以下「旧船員保険法」という。)による老齢年金及び障害年金
among national public officers' mutual aid pensions before the 2012 unification (meaning a benefit that is a pension under the Pre-amendment National Public Officers Mutual Aid Association Act prescribed in Article 37, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2012 Pension Unification Act; the same applies hereinafter), a retirement mutual aid pension (limited to one for which the number of months in the membership period that forms the basis for calculating the pension amount is 240 or more, or one listed in Article 26, item (i) or (ii) of the 1986 Transitional Measures Cabinet Order) and a disability mutual aid pension, as well as a retirement pension, a reduced retirement pension and a disability pension under the National Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 128 of 1958) prior to the amendment by Article 1 of the Act Partially Amending the National Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act, etc. (Act No. 105 of 1985; hereinafter referred to as the "1985 National Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act") (hereinafter referred to as the "pre-1985 National Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act"), and a benefit in the nature of a pension under the Act for Enforcement in Relation to Long-term Benefit under the National Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 129 of 1958) prior to the amendment by Article 2 of the 1985 National Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act (hereinafter referred to as the "former National Enforcement Act") that has retirement or disability as the ground for payment;
平成二十四年一元化法改正前国共済年金(平成二十四年一元化法附則第三十七条第一項に規定する改正前国共済法による年金である給付をいう。以下同じ。)のうち退職共済年金(その年金額の計算の基礎となる組合員期間の月数が二百四十以上であるもの又は昭和六十一年経過措置政令第二十六条第一号若しくは第二号に掲げるものに限る。)及び障害共済年金並びに国家公務員等共済組合法等の一部を改正する法律(昭和六十年法律第百五号。以下「昭和六十年国家公務員共済改正法」という。)第一条の規定による改正前の国家公務員等共済組合法(昭和三十三年法律第百二十八号。以下「旧国家公務員等共済組合法」という。)による退職年金、減額退職年金及び障害年金並びに昭和六十年国家公務員共済改正法第二条の規定による改正前の国家公務員等共済組合法の長期給付に関する施行法(昭和三十三年法律第百二十九号。以下「旧国の施行法」という。)による年金たる給付であつて退職又は障害を支給事由とするもの
a retirement mutual aid pension under Article 41, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2012 Pension Unification Act (limited to one for which the number of months in the period of membership in a national mutual aid association, etc., prescribed in that paragraph, that forms the basis for calculating the pension amount is 240 or more) and a disability mutual aid pension;
平成二十四年一元化法附則第四十一条第一項の規定による退職共済年金(その年金額の計算の基礎となる同項に規定する国共済組合員等期間の月数が二百四十以上であるものに限る。)及び障害共済年金
among local public officers' mutual aid pensions before the 2012 unification (meaning a benefit that is a pension under the pre-amendment Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act prescribed in Article 61, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2012 Pension Unification Act; the same applies hereinafter), a retirement mutual aid pension (limited to one for which the number of months in the membership period that forms the basis for calculating the pension amount is 240 or more, or one listed in Article 26, items (iii) through (v) of the 1986 Transitional Measures Cabinet Order) and a disability mutual aid pension, as well as a retirement pension, a reduced retirement pension and a disability pension under the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act prior to the amendment by Article 1 of the Act Partially Amending the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act, etc. (Act No. 108 of 1985; hereinafter referred to as the "1985 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act") (excluding Chapter XI; hereinafter referred to as the "former Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act"), and a benefit in the nature of a pension under the Act for Enforcement in Relation to Long-term Benefit, etc. under the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 153 of 1962; excluding Chapter XIII) prior to the amendment by Article 2 of the 1985 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Act (hereinafter referred to as the "former Local Enforcement Act") that has retirement or disability as the ground for payment (excluding an aggregated retirement pension);
平成二十四年一元化法改正前地共済年金(平成二十四年一元化法附則第六十一条第一項に規定する改正前地共済法による年金である給付をいう。以下同じ。)のうち退職共済年金(その年金額の計算の基礎となる組合員期間の月数が二百四十以上であるもの又は昭和六十一年経過措置政令第二十六条第三号から第五号までに掲げるものに限る。)及び障害共済年金並びに地方公務員等共済組合法等の一部を改正する法律(昭和六十年法律第百八号。以下「昭和六十年地方公務員共済改正法」という。)第一条の規定による改正前の地方公務員等共済組合法(第十一章を除く。以下「旧地方公務員等共済組合法」という。)による退職年金、減額退職年金及び障害年金並びに昭和六十年地方公務員共済改正法第二条の規定による改正前の地方公務員等共済組合法の長期給付等に関する施行法(昭和三十七年法律第百五十三号。第十三章を除く。以下「旧地方の施行法」という。)による年金たる給付であつて退職又は障害を支給事由とするもの(通算退職年金を除く。)
a retirement mutual aid pension under Article 65, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2012 Pension Unification Act (limited to one for which the number of months in the period of membership in a local mutual aid association, etc., prescribed in that paragraph, that forms the basis for calculating the pension amount is 240 or more) and a disability mutual aid pension;
平成二十四年一元化法附則第六十五条第一項の規定による退職共済年金(その年金額の計算の基礎となる同項に規定する地共済組合員等期間の月数が二百四十以上であるものに限る。)及び障害共済年金
among private school personnel mutual aid pensions before the 2012 unification (meaning a benefit that is a pension under the pre-amendment Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act prescribed in Article 79 of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2012 Pension Unification Act; the same applies hereinafter), a retirement mutual aid pension (limited to one for which the number of months in the participation period that forms the basis for calculating the pension amount is 240 or more, one prescribed in Article 64, item (iii) of the Cabinet Order on Special Measures, etc. for the Application of Laws and Regulations Related to the Ministry of Health and Welfare Accompanying the Reversion of Okinawa (Cabinet Order No. 108 of 1972; hereinafter referred to as the "Okinawa Reversion Special Measures Cabinet Order"), or one listed in Article 26, item (vi) of the 1986 Transitional Measures Cabinet Order) and a disability mutual aid pension, as well as a retirement pension, a reduced retirement pension and a disability pension under the Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 245 of 1953) prior to the amendment by Article 1 of the Act Partially Amending the Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act, etc. (Act No. 106 of 1985; referred to as the "1985 Private School Mutual Aid Amendment Act" in Article 4-2-2, item (vii) and Article 4-2-4, paragraph (1), item (ix)) (hereinafter referred to as the "pre-1985 Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act");
平成二十四年一元化法改正前私学共済年金(平成二十四年一元化法附則第七十九条に規定する改正前私学共済法による年金である給付をいう。以下同じ。)のうち退職共済年金(その年金額の計算の基礎となる加入者期間の月数が二百四十以上であるもの、沖縄の復帰に伴う厚生省関係法令の適用の特別措置等に関する政令(昭和四十七年政令第百八号。以下「沖縄特別措置政令」という。)第六十四条第三号に規定するもの又は昭和六十一年経過措置政令第二十六条第六号に掲げるものに限る。)及び障害共済年金並びに私立学校教職員共済組合法等の一部を改正する法律(昭和六十年法律第百六号。第四条の二の二第七号及び第四条の二の四第一項第九号において「昭和六十年私学共済改正法」という。)第一条の規定による改正前の私立学校教職員共済組合法(昭和二十八年法律第二百四十五号。以下「旧私立学校教職員共済組合法」という。)による退職年金、減額退職年金及び障害年金
among transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid pensions (meaning the transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid pension prescribed in Article 16, paragraph (4) of the Supplementary Provisions of the Act to Abolish, etc. the Mutual Aid Association Act for Employees of Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Organizations, etc. for the Purpose of Integrating the Employees' Pension Insurance System and the Mutual Aid Association System for Employees of Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Organizations (Act No. 101 of 2001; hereinafter referred to as the "2001 Integration Act"); the same applies hereinafter), a retirement mutual aid pension (hereinafter referred to as the "transitional retirement mutual aid pension"; limited to one for which the number of months in the period of former agriculture, forestry and fishery mutual aid membership (meaning the period of former agriculture, forestry and fishery mutual aid membership prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1), item (vii) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2001 Integration Act; the same applies hereinafter) that forms the basis for calculating the pension amount is 240 or more, or one prescribed in Article 64, item (iv) of the Okinawa Reversion Special Measures Cabinet Order) and a disability mutual aid pension (hereinafter referred to as the "transitional disability mutual aid pension"), as well as, among transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery pensions (meaning the transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery pension prescribed in Article 16, paragraph (6) of the Supplementary Provisions of the 2001 Integration Act; the same applies hereinafter), a retirement pension, a reduced retirement pension and a disability pension (hereinafter referred to respectively as the "transitional retirement pension", the "transitional reduced retirement pension" and the "transitional disability pension");
移行農林共済年金(厚生年金保険制度及び農林漁業団体職員共済組合制度の統合を図るための農林漁業団体職員共済組合法等を廃止する等の法律(平成十三年法律第百一号。以下「平成十三年統合法」という。)附則第十六条第四項に規定する移行農林共済年金をいう。以下同じ。)のうち退職共済年金(以下「移行退職共済年金」といい、その年金額の計算の基礎となる旧農林共済組合員期間(平成十三年統合法附則第二条第一項第七号に規定する旧農林共済組合員期間をいう。以下同じ。)の月数が二百四十以上であるもの又は沖縄特別措置政令第六十四条第四号に規定するものに限る。)及び障害共済年金(以下「移行障害共済年金」という。)並びに移行農林年金(平成十三年統合法附則第十六条第六項に規定する移行農林年金をいう。以下同じ。)のうち退職年金、減額退職年金及び障害年金(以下それぞれ「移行退職年金」、「移行減額退職年金」及び「移行障害年金」という。)
a benefit in the nature of a pension based on the Public Officers Pension Act (Act No. 48 of 1923; including as applied mutatis mutandis under other Acts) that has retirement or disability as the ground for payment;
恩給法(大正十二年法律第四十八号。他の法律において準用する場合を含む。)に基づく年金たる給付であつて退職又は障害を支給事由とするもの
a benefit in the nature of a pension based on a Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance on retirement pensions for local public officers that has retirement or disability as the ground for payment (excluding an aggregated retirement pension);
地方公務員の退職年金に関する条例に基づく年金たる給付であつて退職又は障害を支給事由とするもの(通算退職年金を除く。)
a benefit in the nature of a pension paid by a mutual aid association prescribed in Article 28 of the Supplementary Provisions of the Act that has retirement or disability as the ground for payment;
法附則第二十八条に規定する共済組合が支給する年金たる給付であつて退職又は障害を支給事由とするもの
a benefit in the nature of a pension based on the provisions of Article 13 of the Supplementary Provisions of the Court Enforcement Officer Act (Act No. 111 of 1966) prior to the amendment by the Act Partially Amending the Court Enforcement Officer Act (Act No. 18 of 2007) (referred to as the "former Court Enforcement Officer Act" in Article 5, item (xi));
執行官法の一部を改正する法律(平成十九年法律第十八号)による改正前の執行官法(昭和四十一年法律第百十一号。第五条第十一号において「旧執行官法」という。)附則第十三条の規定に基づく年金たる給付
a benefit in the nature of a pension paid by the Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations based on the Act on Special Measures concerning Beneficiaries of Pension of Mutual Aid Association Established under Former Ordinances (Act No. 256 of 1950) that has retirement or disability as the ground for payment; and
旧令による共済組合等からの年金受給者のための特別措置法(昭和二十五年法律第二百五十六号)に基づいて国家公務員共済組合連合会が支給する年金たる給付であつて退職又は障害を支給事由とするもの
a disability pension based on the Act on Relief of War Victims and Survivors (Act No. 127 of 1952).
戦傷病者戦没者遺族等援護法(昭和二十七年法律第百二十七号)に基づく障害年金
Read this with the articles around it
1985 Amendment Actmachine translation
「昭和六十年改正法」
Short name for the Act Partially Amending the National Pension Act, etc. (Act No. 34 of 1985).
Short name set inArticle 3-2-2, paragraph (1), item (i)
1986 Transitional Measures Cabinet Ordermachine translation
「昭和六十一年経過措置政令」
Short name for the Cabinet Order on Transitional Measures Accompanying the Enforcement of the Act Partially Amending the National Pension Act, etc. (Cabinet Order No. 54 of 1986).
Short name set inArticle 3-3, paragraph (1), item (xv)
2012 Pension Unification Actmachine translation
「平成二十四年一元化法」
Short name for the Act Partially Amending the Employees' Pension Insurance Act, etc. to Unify, etc. the Employees' Pension Systems (Act No. 63 of 2012), the 2012 Act to unify the employees' pension systems (被用者年金制度).
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (i)
the former Actmachine translation
「旧法」
The Employees' Pension Insurance Act as it stood before Article 3 of Act No. 34 of 1985 amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (i)
former National Pension Actmachine translation
「旧国民年金法」
The National Pension Act as it stood before Article 1 of Act No. 34 of 1985 amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (i-2)
former Mariners Insurance Actmachine translation
「旧船員保険法」
The Mariners Insurance Act as it stood before Article 5 of Act No. 34 of 1985 amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (ii)
national public officers' mutual aid pension before the 2012 unificationmachine translation
「平成二十四年一元化法改正前国共済年金」
A pension benefit under the National Public Officers Mutual Aid Association Act as it stood before Act No. 63 of 2012 (平成二十四年一元化法) amended it, as Article 37, paragraph (1) of that Act's supplementary provisions (附則) refers to it.
Defined inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (iii)
former National Enforcement Actmachine translation
「旧国の施行法」
The Act for Enforcement in Relation to Long-term Benefit under the National Public Officers Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 129 of 1958) as it stood before Article 2 of Act No. 105 of 1985 (昭和六十年国家公務員共済改正法) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (iii)
pre-1985 National Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Actmachine translation
「旧国家公務員等共済組合法」
The mutual aid association law for national public officers (国家公務員等共済組合法 (an Act), Act No. 128 of 1958) as it stood before Article 1 of Act No. 105 of 1985 (昭和六十年国家公務員共済改正法) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (iii)
1985 National Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Actmachine translation
「昭和六十年国家公務員共済改正法」
Short name for Act No. 105 of 1985, the 1985 Act partially amending the mutual aid association law for national public officers and other laws (国家公務員等共済組合法等の一部を改正する法律).
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (iii)
local public officers' mutual aid pension before the 2012 unificationmachine translation
「平成二十四年一元化法改正前地共済年金」
A pension benefit under the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act as it stood before Act No. 63 of 2012 (平成二十四年一元化法) amended it, as Article 61, paragraph (1) of that Act's supplementary provisions (附則) refers to it.
Defined inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (iv)
former Local Enforcement Actmachine translation
「旧地方の施行法」
The Act for Enforcement in Relation to Long-term Benefit, etc. under the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 153 of 1962), other than its Chapter 13, as it stood before Article 2 of Act No. 108 of 1985 (昭和六十年地方公務員共済改正法) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (iv)
former Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Actmachine translation
「旧地方公務員等共済組合法」
The Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act (Act No. 152 of 1962), other than its Chapter 11, as it stood before Article 1 of Act No. 108 of 1985 (昭和六十年地方公務員共済改正法) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (iv)
1985 Local Public Officers Mutual Aid Amendment Actmachine translation
「昭和六十年地方公務員共済改正法」
Short name for the Act Partially Amending the Local Public Officers, etc. Mutual Aid Association Act, etc. (Act No. 108 of 1985).
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (iv)
private school personnel mutual aid pension before the 2012 unificationmachine translation
「平成二十四年一元化法改正前私学共済年金」
A pension benefit under the Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Act as it stood before Act No. 63 of 2012 (平成二十四年一元化法) amended it, as Article 79 of that Act's supplementary provisions (附則) refers to it.
Defined inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (v)
pre-1985 Private School Personnel Mutual Aid Association Actmachine translation
「旧私立学校教職員共済組合法」
The mutual aid association law for private school personnel (私立学校教職員共済組合法 (an Act), Act No. 245 of 1953) as it stood before Article 1 of Act No. 106 of 1985 amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (v)
1985 Private School Mutual Aid Amendment Actmachine translation
「昭和六十年私学共済改正法」
Short name, in Article 4-2-2, item (vii) and Article 4-2-4, paragraph (1), item (ix), for Act No. 106 of 1985, the 1985 Act partially amending the private school personnel mutual aid association law and other laws (私立学校教職員共済組合法等の一部を改正する法律).
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (v)· applies only in this provision and in Article 4-2-2, paragraph (1), item (vii); and Article 4-2-4, paragraph (1), item (ix)
Okinawa Reversion Special Measures Cabinet Ordermachine translation
「沖縄特別措置政令」
Short name for Cabinet Order No. 108 of 1972, the Cabinet Order (政令) on special measures, among other things, for applying the laws and orders of the former Ministry of Health and Welfare (厚生省) in Okinawa on its reversion to Japan.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (v)
2001 Integration Actmachine translation
「平成十三年統合法」
Short name for Act No. 101 of 2001, the 2001 Act that abolished the law on the mutual aid association for employees of agricultural, forestry and fishery organisations and other laws, to integrate that association's system into Employees' Pension Insurance (厚生年金保険).
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (vi)
period of former agriculture, forestry and fishery mutual aid membershipmachine translation
「旧農林共済組合員期間」
The period of former agriculture, forestry and fishery mutual aid membership (旧農林共済組合員期間) as defined in Article 2, paragraph (1), item (vii) of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 101 of 2001, the Act that abolished the Mutual Aid Association Act for Employees of Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Organizations, among others, to integrate that mutual aid scheme with employees' pension insurance.
Defined inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (vi)
transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid pensionmachine translation
「移行農林共済年金」
A transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid pension (移行農林共済年金) as provided in Article 16, paragraph (4) of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 101 of 2001 (平成十三年統合法), the Act that integrated the mutual aid system for employees of agricultural, forestry and fishery organisations into Employees' Pension Insurance (厚生年金保険).
Defined inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (vi)
transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery pensionmachine translation
「移行農林年金」
A transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery pension (移行農林年金) as provided in Article 16, paragraph (6) of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 101 of 2001 (平成十三年統合法), the Act that integrated the mutual aid system for employees of agricultural, forestry and fishery organisations into Employees' Pension Insurance (厚生年金保険).
Defined inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (vi)
transitional retirement mutual aid pensionmachine translation
「移行退職共済年金」
A retirement mutual aid pension (退職共済年金) among the transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid pensions (移行農林共済年金) under Article 16, paragraph (4) of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 101 of 2001.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (vi)
transitional disability mutual aid pensionmachine translation
「移行障害共済年金」
A disability mutual aid pension (障害共済年金) among the transitional agricultural, forestry and fishery mutual aid pensions (移行農林共済年金) under Article 16, paragraph (4) of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 101 of 2001.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (vi)
former Court Enforcement Officer Actmachine translation
「旧執行官法」
The Court Enforcement Officer Act (Act No. 111 of 1966) as it stood before the Act Partially Amending the Court Enforcement Officer Act (Act No. 18 of 2007) amended it.
Short name set inArticle 3-7, paragraph (1), item (x)· applies only in this provision and in Article 5, paragraph (1), item (xi)
Prefectural or Municipal Ordinance
条例
A rule a local government makes for itself: a prefecture (都道府県), a city, town or village (市町村), or one of Tokyo's special wards (特別区) (Local Autonomy Act, Articles 1-3, 281 and 283). Its assembly (議会), whose members the residents elect, passes it (Articles 89 and 96, paragraph (1), item (i)), and its head — the governor or the mayor (Article 139) — promulgates it, that is, makes it public so that it can take effect (Article 16). The Constitution lets local governments make them within the limits of Acts (Constitution, Article 94), and one may not go against the national laws and regulations (法令), such as Acts, Cabinet Orders (政令) and Ministerial Orders (省令) (Local Autonomy Act, Article 14, paragraph (1)). Unless national laws and regulations provide otherwise, a local government can impose a duty or restrict a right only by one of these (Article 14, paragraph (2)), and it may write into one penalties for breaking it, within limits the Local Autonomy Act sets (Article 14, paragraph (3)). It is made for that local government's own affairs (Article 2, paragraph (2) and Article 14, paragraph (1)), so the same matter can be handled differently from one place to the next. It is a local rule, not a national one: an "ordinance" in the name of a national rule, such as an Ordinance for Enforcement of an Act, is usually a Ministerial Order (省令) or another national instrument.
Written by AI using Constitution, Art. 94 and Local Autonomy Act, Arts. 1-3, 2, 14, 16, 89, 96, 139, 281, 283 as a reference.