A person who concludes a contract as an agent of another person is liable to the counterparty for the performance of the contract or damages, as chosen by the counterparty, unless the person proves their authority to represent or the principal ratifies the contract.
他人の代理人として契約をした者は、自己の代理権を証明したとき、又は本人の追認を得たときを除き、相手方の選択に従い、相手方に対して履行又は損害賠償の責任を負う。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply in the following cases:
前項の規定は、次に掲げる場合には、適用しない。
if the counterparty knew that the person who concluded the contract as an agent of the other person had no authority to represent;
他人の代理人として契約をした者が代理権を有しないことを相手方が知っていたとき。
if the counterparty was negligent in not knowing that the person who concluded the contract as an agent of the other person had no authority to represent; provided, however, that this does not apply if the person who concluded a contract as an agent of the other person knew themselves to have no authority to represent; or
他人の代理人として契約をした者が代理権を有しないことを相手方が過失によって知らなかったとき。ただし、他人の代理人として契約をした者が自己に代理権がないことを知っていたときは、この限りでない。
if the legal capacity to act of the person who concluded the contract as an agent of the other person was subject to restrictions.
他人の代理人として契約をした者が行為能力の制限を受けていたとき。