The defendant need not appear at the trial at the court of second instance; provided, however, that for offenses other than those punishable by a fine not exceeding 500,000 yen (50,000 yen for offenses other than those prescribed in the Penal Code, the Law concerning Punishment of Physical Violence and Others and the Act on Penal Provisions related to Economic Activities, until otherwise stipulated) or a petty fine, the court may order him/her to appear when it deems this to be essential for the protection of his/her rights.
控訴審においては、被告人は、公判期日に出頭することを要しない。ただし、裁判所は、五十万円（刑法、暴力行為等処罰に関する法律及び経済関係罰則の整備に関する法律の罪以外の罪については、当分の間、五万円）以下の罰金又は科料に当たる事件以外の事件について、被告人の出頭がその権利の保護のため重要であると認めるときは、被告人の出頭を命ずることができる。
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fine
罰金
A criminal punishment of paying money to the state, of 10,000 yen or more, or less where it is reduced (Penal Code, Article 15). It ranks below imprisonment (拘禁刑) and above penal detention (拘留) and a petty fine (科料) (Articles 9 and 10, paragraph (1)). A person who cannot pay it in full is held in a workhouse (労役場) for one day to two years, or up to three years where fines are imposed together, a period set when the sentence is passed (Article 18, paragraphs (1), (3) and (4)); not within thirty days of the sentence becoming final without the person's consent (paragraph (5)). If it is not enforced for three years after the sentence becomes final, the person is released from it by prescription (Articles 31 and 32, item (v)); the three years do not run while its execution is suspended under law or the person is abroad, and an act of execution interrupts them (Articles 33 and 34, paragraph (2)).
Written by AI using Penal Code, Arts. 9, 10, 15, 18, 31 to 34 as a reference.
petty fine
科料
The lightest criminal punishment: paying 1,000 yen or more but less than 10,000 yen (Penal Code, Articles 9, 10 and 17). A person who cannot pay it in full is held in a workhouse (労役場) for one day to thirty days (Article 18, paragraph (2)).
Written by AI using Penal Code, Arts. 9, 10, 17, 18 as a reference.