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Article 249Principle of Directness

第二百四十九条(直接主義)

Judgment is rendered by a judge who has participated in the oral arguments that form the basis for that judgment.

判決は、その基本となる口頭弁論に関与した裁判官がする。

If a judge has been replaced, the parties must state the results of prior oral arguments.

裁判官が代わった場合には、当事者は、従前の口頭弁論の結果を陳述しなければならない。

If a single, independent judge or the majority of a panel of judges has been replaced and a party requests that a witness who was examined before the replacement be examined again, the court must examine the witness.

単独の裁判官が代わった場合又は合議体の裁判官の過半数が代わった場合において、その前に尋問をした証人について、当事者が更に尋問の申出をしたときは、裁判所は、その尋問をしなければならない。

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