Article 87Provisional Licenses
第八十七条（仮免許）
A person who, without obtaining a class 1 or class 2 license permitting the person to drive a standard motor vehicle, seeks to drive such a motor vehicle for practice, for a driver's license test administered to test the person on the points set forth in Article 97, paragraph (1), item (ii), or for a skills evaluation to evaluate the person's motor vehicle driving skills at a designated driving school as prescribed in Article 99, paragraph (1) (referred to as a "test or evaluation" in the following paragraph) must obtain a provisional S-MVL; a person seeking to drive a semi-mid-sized motor vehicle for practice or for a test or evaluation without obtaining a class 1 or class 2 license permitting the person to drive it must obtain a provisional SM-MVL; a person seeking to drive a mid-sized motor vehicle for practice or for a test or evaluation without obtaining a class 1 or class 2 license permitting the person to drive it must obtain a provisional M-MVL; and a person seeking to drive a large motor vehicle for practice or for a test or evaluation without obtaining a class 1 or class 2 license permitting the person to drive it must obtain a provisional L-MVL.
A person holding a provisional L-MVL may drive a large, mid-sized, semi-mid-sized, or standard motor vehicle; a person holding a provisional M-MVL may drive a mid-sized, semi-mid-sized, or standard motor vehicle; a person holding a provisional SM-MVL may drive a semi-mid-sized or standard motor vehicle; and a person holding a provisional S-MVL may drive a standard motor vehicle for practice or for a test or evaluation. In such a case, a person holding a provisional license who seeks to drive a motor vehicle for practice must drive the motor vehicle with, and under the guidance of, a person who holds a class 1 license that permits the person to drive the motor vehicle (excluding a person whose license is suspended) and who has held that license for a total of three years or more (excluding any period during which the license was suspended), a person who holds a class 2 license that permits the person to drive the motor vehicle (excluding a person whose license is suspended and a person under 21 years of age), or any other person that Cabinet Order prescribes, who is riding on the passenger equipment next to the driver's seat.
大型仮免許を受けた者は大型自動車、中型自動車、準中型自動車又は普通自動車を、中型仮免許を受けた者は中型自動車、準中型自動車又は普通自動車を、準中型仮免許を受けた者は準中型自動車又は普通自動車を、普通仮免許を受けた者は普通自動車を、練習のため又は試験等において運転することができる。この場合において、仮免許を受けた者は、練習のため自動車を運転しようとするときは、その運転者席の横の乗車装置に、当該自動車を運転することができる第一種免許を受けている者（免許の効力が停止されている者を除く。）で当該免許を受けていた期間（当該免許の効力が停止されていた期間を除く。）が通算して三年以上のもの、当該自動車を運転することができる第二種免許を受けている者（免許の効力が停止されている者及び二十一歳に満たない者を除く。）その他政令で定める者を同乗させ、かつ、その指導の下に、当該自動車を運転しなければならない。
A person holding a provisional license who seeks to drive a motor vehicle for practice must display a mark in the format that Cabinet Office Order prescribes on the front and rear of that vehicle, pursuant to Cabinet Office Order.
Notwithstanding paragraph (2), it is not permissible for a person holding a provisional license to drive a motor vehicle used for passenger services to transport passengers as a part of passenger motor carrier services.
Notwithstanding paragraph (2), it is not permissible for a person holding a provisional license to drive a standard motor vehicle that is to be driven by a professional designated driver.
The valid period of a provisional license is six months, counting from the date on which the person takes the driver's license test administered to test the person on the points set forth in Article 97, paragraph (1), item (i) in connection with that provisional license (referred to in Article 90, paragraph (1) and Article 95-6, paragraph (1) as the "fitness test"); provided, however, that if a person holding a provisional L-MVL obtains an L-MVL or class 2 L-MVL; if a person holding a provisional M-MVL obtains a class 1 license or class 2 license that permits the person to drive a large or mid-sized motor vehicle; if a person holding a provisional SM-MVL obtains a class 1 or class 2 license that permits the person to drive a large, mid-sized, or semi-mid-sized motor vehicle; or if a person holding a provisional S-MVL obtains a class 1 or class 2 license that permits the person to drive a large, mid-sized, semi-mid-sized, or standard motor vehicle, and does so before the end of that period, the provisional license loses its validity.
仮免許の有効期間は、当該仮免許に係る第九十七条第一項第一号に掲げる事項について行う運転免許試験（第九十条第一項及び第九十五条の六第一項において「適性試験」という。）を受けた日から起算して六月とする。ただし、当該期間が満了するまでの間に、大型仮免許を受けた者が大型免許若しくは大型第二種免許を受け、中型仮免許を受けた者が大型自動車若しくは中型自動車を運転することができる第一種免許若しくは第二種免許を受け、準中型仮免許を受けた者が大型自動車、中型自動車若しくは準中型自動車を運転することができる第一種免許若しくは第二種免許を受け、又は普通仮免許を受けた者が大型自動車、中型自動車、準中型自動車若しくは普通自動車を運転することができる第一種免許若しくは第二種免許を受けたときは、当該仮免許は、その効力を失う。
Section 2 Applying for Licenses; Related Considerations
第二節 免許の申請等
Article 88Ineligibility for Licensing
第八十八条（免許の欠格事由）
A class 1 or class 2 license is not granted to a person as referred to in one of the following items:
a person under 21 years of age (or under 19 years of age, for persons that Cabinet Order prescribes) is not granted an L-MVL; a person under 20 years of age (or under 19 years of age, for persons that Cabinet Order prescribes) is not granted an M-MVL; a person under 18 years of age is not granted an SM-MVL, S-MVL, SL-MVL, L-ML, or towing license; and a person under 16 years of age is not granted an S-ML, SS-MVL, or MBL;
a person who has not yet had the amount of time specified pursuant to Article 90, paragraph (9) pass following the date on which that person was denied a license as under the proviso of paragraph (1) of that Article (other than on the grounds that the person falls under item (iii) or (vii) of that paragraph); a person whose license is being withheld; a person who has not yet had the amount of time specified pursuant to paragraph (10) of that Article pass following the date on which that person was denied a license pursuant to paragraph (2) of that Article; a person who has not yet had the amount of time specified pursuant to paragraph (9) of that Article pass following the date on which that person's license was revoked pursuant to paragraph (5) of that Article; a person whose license is suspended; or a person who has not yet had the amount of time specified pursuant to paragraph (10) of that Article pass following the date on which that person's license was revoked pursuant to paragraph (6) of that Article;
a person who has not yet had the amount of time specified pursuant to Article 103, paragraph (7) pass following the date on which the person's license was revoked pursuant to paragraph (1) or (4) of that Article (this is limited to a revocation in connection with what is provided in paragraph (1) of that Article (other than in item (iv))) (the amount of time so specified excludes any period of time during which the person's license was suspended pursuant to Article 103-2, paragraph (1) during the specified period, if that person's license has been revoked due to the matter at issue which resulted in the suspension); a person who has not yet had the amount of time specified pursuant to Article 103, paragraph (8) pass following the date on which the person's license was revoked pursuant to paragraph (2) or (4) of that Article (this is limited to a revocation in connection with what is provided in paragraph (2) of that Article, if the person's license has been revoked as under paragraph (4) of that Article); or a person whose license is suspended pursuant to paragraph (1) or (4) of that Article, Article 103-2, paragraph (1), Article 104-2-3, paragraph (1) or (3), or Article 103, paragraph (4) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (5) of that Article; or
第百三条第一項若しくは第四項の規定による免許の取消し（同条第一項（第四号を除く。）に係るものに限る。）をされた日から起算して同条第七項の規定により指定された期間（第百三条の二第一項の規定により免許の効力を停止された者が当該事案について免許を取り消された場合にあつては、当該指定された期間から当該免許の効力が停止されていた期間を除いた期間。以下この号において同じ。）を経過していない者若しくは第百三条第二項若しくは第四項の規定による免許の取消し（同条第四項の規定による免許の取消しにあつては、同条第二項に係るものに限る。）をされた日から起算して同条第八項の規定により指定された期間を経過していない者又は同条第一項若しくは第四項、第百三条の二第一項、第百四条の二の三第一項若しくは第三項若しくは同条第五項において準用する第百三条第四項の規定により免許の効力が停止されている者
a person prohibited from driving a motor vehicle or motorized bicycle pursuant to Article 107-5, paragraph (1) or (2), Article 103, paragraph (4) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 107-5, paragraph (9), or Article 103-2, paragraph (1) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (10) of Article 107-5.
A provisional license is not granted to a person under the following age: for a provisional L-MVL, 21 years of age (or 19 years of age, for persons that Cabinet Order prescribes); for a provisional M-MVL, 20 years of age (or 19 years of age, for persons that Cabinet Order prescribes); and for a provisional SM-MVL or provisional S-MVL, 17 years and six months of age.
A person seeking a license must submit a written license application in the format that Cabinet Office Order prescribes (if a person is issued a questionnaire under the following paragraph, that person must submit the written application and the questionnaire filled out with the necessary information) to the public safety commission with jurisdiction over the person's domicile (or, if a person is seeking a provisional license and undergoing instruction on how to drive a motor vehicle at a driving school that has made a filing under Article 98, paragraph (2), the domicile of the person or the locality of the driving school) and take a driver's license test administered by the public safety commission.
A public safety commission as prescribed in the preceding paragraph may issue a questionnaire in the format that Cabinet Office Order prescribes to a person seeking to submit a written license application under the paragraph, in order to ask the necessary questions to determine whether the person falls under any of the categories set forth in paragraph (1), item (i) through item (ii) of the following Article.
前項に規定する公安委員会は、同項の規定により免許申請書を提出しようとする者に対し、その者が次条第一項第一号から第二号までのいずれかに該当するかどうかの判断に必要な質問をするため、内閣府令で定める様式の質問票を交付することができる。
If currently undergoing instruction on how to drive a motor vehicle at a driving school, a person who has submitted a written provisional license application to the public safety commission with jurisdiction over the locality of the driving school (other than the public safety commission with jurisdiction over the locality of the person's domicile) pursuant to paragraph (1) and who holds a provisional license granted by the public safety commission may undergo an assessment administered by the public safety commission pursuant to Cabinet Office Order to assess whether the person has the necessary skills to drive a motor vehicle. In such a case, if the public safety commission finds that the person has the necessary motor vehicle driving skills, it must issue a certificate indicating this to that person, pursuant to Cabinet Office Order.