Article 20, paragraph (1)
A merchant may appoint a manager and have that manager carry out its business at its place of business.
商人は、支配人を選任し、その営業所において、その営業を行わせることができる。
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商法
Chapter VI Mercantile Employees
The law as Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts upon the Enforcement of the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 46 of 2026) leaves it, with the words it changes marked.
The main text is read a page at a time: a chapter to a page, and a long chapter in runs of articles. The whole main text, and the supplementary provisions and appended tables this amendment changes. Those it leaves untouched are on the page for the text in force.
Chapter VI Mercantile Employees第六章 商業使用人
Article 20第二十条
Managers（支配人）
Article 21第二十一条
Manager's Authority to Act as Agent（支配人の代理権）
Article 21, paragraph (1)
A manager has the authority to engage in all acts in and out of court on behalf of the merchant in connection with the merchant's business.
支配人は、商人に代わってその営業に関する一切の裁判上又は裁判外の行為をする権限を有する。
Article 21, paragraph (2)
A manager may appoint and dismiss other employees.
支配人は、他の使用人を選任し、又は解任することができる。
Article 21, paragraph (3)
A limitation on a manager's authority to act as the merchant's agent may not be asserted against a third party in good faith.
支配人の代理権に加えた制限は、善意の第三者に対抗することができない。
Article 22第二十二条
Registration of Managers（支配人の登記）
Article 22, paragraph (1)
If a merchant appoints a manager, this must be registered. The same applies if a manager ceases to have the authority to act as the merchant's agent.
商人が支配人を選任したときは、その登記をしなければならない。支配人の代理権の消滅についても、同様とする。
Article 23第二十三条
Non-Competition by Managers（支配人の競業の禁止）
Article 23, paragraph (1)
A manager must not engage in any of the following conduct without the permission of the merchant:
支配人は、商人の許可を受けなければ、次に掲げる行為をしてはならない。
Article 23, paragraph (1), item (i)
carrying on an independent business;
自ら営業を行うこと。
Article 23, paragraph (1), item (ii)
conducting a transaction that is in the merchant's line of business for the benefit of the manager or a third party;
自己又は第三者のためにその商人の営業の部類に属する取引をすること。
Article 23, paragraph (1), item (iii)
becoming the employee of another merchant or of a company or foreign company;
他の商人又は会社若しくは外国会社の使用人となること。
Article 23, paragraph (1), item (iv)
becoming the director, executive officer, or executive managing member of a company.
会社の取締役、執行役又は業務を執行する社員となること。
Article 23, paragraph (2)
If a manager has engaged in the conduct set forth in item (ii) of the preceding paragraph in violation of the provisions of that paragraph, the amount of profit that the manager or third party has earned as a result of the conduct is presumed to be the amount of damage that the merchant has incurred.
支配人が前項の規定に違反して同項第二号に掲げる行為をしたときは、当該行為によって支配人又は第三者が得た利益の額は、商人に生じた損害の額と推定する。
Article 24第二十四条
Apparent Manager（表見支配人）
Article 24, paragraph (1)
An employee with a title indicating that employee to be responsible for operations at a merchant's place of business is deemed to have the authority to engage in all acts out of court in connection with the operations of that place of business; provided, however, that this does not apply if the other party knows this not to be the case.
商人の営業所の営業の主任者であることを示す名称を付した使用人は、当該営業所の営業に関し、一切の裁判外の行為をする権限を有するものとみなす。ただし、相手方が悪意であったときは、この限りでない。
Article 25第二十五条
Employees Delegated with Performing Functions of a Certain Type or with Performing Specific Functions（ある種類又は特定の事項の委任を受けた使用人）
Article 25, paragraph (1)
An employee that is delegated with performing functions of a certain type, or with performing specific functions, that are connected with the merchant's business has the authority to engage in all acts out of court in connection with those functions.
商人の営業に関するある種類又は特定の事項の委任を受けた使用人は、当該事項に関する一切の裁判外の行為をする権限を有する。
Article 25, paragraph (2)
A limitation on the authority of the employee referred to in the preceding paragraph to represent the merchant may not be asserted against a third party in good faith.
前項の使用人の代理権に加えた制限は、善意の第三者に対抗することができない。
Article 26第二十六条
Employees of Stores at Which It Is Intended That Goods Will Be Sold（物品の販売等を目的とする店舗の使用人）
Article 26, paragraph (1)
The employee of a store at which it is intended that goods will be sold or otherwise transferred (meaning sold, rented out, or subject to any other similar action; hereinafter the same applies in this Article) is deemed to have the authority to sell or otherwise transfer the goods located in the store; provided, however, that this does not apply if the other party knows this not to be the case.
物品の販売等（販売、賃貸その他これらに類する行為をいう。以下この条において同じ。）を目的とする店舗の使用人は、その店舗に在る物品の販売等をする権限を有するものとみなす。ただし、相手方が悪意であったときは、この限りでない。