Article 4, paragraph (1)
The term "merchant" as used in this Code means a person in the business of conducting commercial transactions in its own name.
この法律において「商人」とは、自己の名をもって商行為をすることを業とする者をいう。
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Read the text in force →Commercial Code
商法
Chapter II Merchants
The law as Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts upon the Enforcement of the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 46 of 2026) leaves it, with the words it changes marked.
The main text is read a page at a time: a chapter to a page, and a long chapter in runs of articles. The whole main text, and the supplementary provisions and appended tables this amendment changes. Those it leaves untouched are on the page for the text in force.
Chapter II Merchants第二章 商人
Article 4第四条
Definitions（定義）
Article 4, paragraph (2)
A person in the business of selling goods at a store or other similar facility or a person engaged in the mining business is deemed to be a merchant even if that person is not in the business of conducting commercial transactions.
店舗その他これに類似する設備によって物品を販売することを業とする者又は鉱業を営む者は、商行為を行うことを業としない者であっても、これを商人とみなす。
Article 5第五条
Commercial Registration of Minors（未成年者登記）
Article 5, paragraph (1)
If a minor carries out a business referred to in the preceding Article, this must be registered.
未成年者が前条の営業を行うときは、その登記をしなければならない。
Article 6第六条Caption changed
Commercial Registration of Guardians of Minors
未成年後見人登記
Article 6, paragraph (1)（未成年後見人登記）Commercial Registration of Guardians of MinorsChanged
If a guardian of a minor carries out a business referred to in Article 4 on behalf of a minor ward, this must be registered.
未成年後見人が未成年被後見人のために第四条の営業を行うときは、その登記をしなければならない。
Article 6, paragraph (2)（未成年後見人登記）Commercial Registration of Guardians of MinorsChanged
A limitation on a guardian'sthe authority of representation of a guardian of a minor may not be asserted against a third party in good faith.
未成年後見人の代理権に加えた制限は、善意の第三者に対抗することができない。
Article 7第七条
Small-Scale Merchants（小商人）
Article 7, paragraph (1)
The provisions of Article 5, the preceding Article, the following Chapter, Article 11, paragraph (2), Article 15, paragraph (2), the first sentence of Article 17, paragraph (2), Chapter V, and Article 22 do not apply to a small-scale merchant (meaning a merchant with an asset value as provided by the Ministry of Justice Order that does not exceed the amount prescribed by the Ministry of Justice Order, for assets that the merchant uses for its business).
第五条、前条、次章、第十一条第二項、第十五条第二項、第十七条第二項前段、第五章及び第二十二条の規定は、小商人（商人のうち、法務省令で定めるその営業のために使用する財産の価額が法務省令で定める金額を超えないものをいう。）については、適用しない。
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