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Chapter I General Rules
The law as Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts upon the Enforcement of the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 46 of 2026) leaves it, with the words it changes marked.
The main text is read a page at a time: a chapter to a page, and a long chapter in runs of articles. The whole main text, and the supplementary provisions and appended tables this amendment changes. Those it leaves untouched are on the page for the text in force.
The business of merchants, commercial transactions, and other commercial matters are governed by the provisions of this Code, except as otherwise provided by other laws.
商人の営業、商行為その他商事については、他の法律に特別の定めがあるものを除くほか、この法律の定めるところによる。
A commercial matter not provided for in this Code is governed by commercial custom, and if there is no commercial custom, it is governed by the provisions of the Civil Code (Act No. 89 of 1896).
商事に関し、この法律に定めがない事項については商慣習に従い、商慣習がないときは、民法（明治二十九年法律第八十九号）の定めるところによる。
Commercial transactions conducted by public corporations are governed by the provisions of this Code, except as otherwise provided for by laws and regulations.
公法人が行う商行為については、法令に別段の定めがある場合を除き、この法律の定めるところによる。
If an act constitutes a commercial transaction for one of the parties, this Code applies to both parties.
当事者の一方のために商行為となる行為については、この法律をその双方に適用する。
If two or more persons form one of the parties and an act constitutes a commercial transaction for any one of them, this Code applies to all of them.
当事者の一方が二人以上ある場合において、その一人のために商行為となる行為については、この法律をその全員に適用する。