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Section 2 Judicial Enforcement of Claims for Payment of Money (Articles 78 to 85-2)
The law as Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts to Promote the Use of Information and Communications Technology in Civil Procedures, etc. (Act No. 53 of 2023) leaves it, with the words it changes marked.
The main text is read a page at a time: a chapter to a page, and a long chapter in runs of articles. The whole main text, and the supplementary provisions and appended tables this amendment changes. Those it leaves untouched are on the page for the text in force.
When a ruling to permit a sale becomes final and binding, the purchaser must pay the price to the enforcement court by the time limit specified by the court clerk.
売却許可決定が確定したときは、買受人は、裁判所書記官の定める期限までに代金を執行裁判所に納付しなければならない。
The money provided by the purchaser as a purchase offer guarantee and the money paid by them pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article are allotted to the payment of the price.
買受人が買受けの申出の保証として提供した金銭及び前条第一項の規定により納付した金銭は、代金に充てる。
If the purchaser has provided the guarantee referred to in Article 63, paragraph (2), item (i) or Article 68-2, paragraph (2) by a method other than payment of money, the enforcement court conducts realization of what has been provided as the guarantee pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court, and allot the amount obtained by deducting the expenses required for the realization from the realization value to the payment of the price. In this case, the expenses required for the realization are borne by the purchaser.
買受人が第六十三条第二項第一号又は第六十八条の二第二項の保証を金銭の納付以外の方法で提供しているときは、執行裁判所は、最高裁判所規則で定めるところによりこれを換価し、その換価代金から換価に要した費用を控除したものを代金に充てる。この場合において、換価に要した費用は、買受人の負担とする。
If the purchaser is an obligee who is to receive a distribution or payment from the proceeds of the sale, the purchaser may pay the price from which the amount of distribution or payment to be received has been deducted, by making a requestthe proposal to the enforcement court by the time when the order permitting the of permission of sale becomes final and binding, pay . In this case, the sales price on the distribution date ormust be paid by the day of delivery of payment, after deducting when the period for filing an objection (meaning the amount to be received as a distribution or payment; provided, however, that if an opposition has been filed period for filing an objection prescribed in Article 85-2, paragraph (1); the same applies in the following paragraph) ends or paid on the distribution date regarding(meaning the amount of distribution to be received by the purchaser, the purchaser must pay, within one week from that distribution date, money equivalent todate prescribed in Article 85-3, paragraph (1); the same applies in the following paragraph and Article 85, paragraph (1)) or the portion pertaining to the oppositionday of delivery of payment.
買受人は、売却代金から配当又は弁済を受けるべき債権者であるときは、売却許可決定が確定するまでに執行裁判所に申し出て、配当又は弁済を受けるべき額を差し引いて代金を配当期日又は弁済金の交付の日に納付することができる。ただし、配当期日この場合において、買受人の受けるべき配当の額について異議の申出があつたときは、買受人は、当該代金は、異議申出期間（第八十五条の二第一項に規定する異議申出期間をいう。次項において同じ。）が満了する日までに納付し、又は配当期日から一週間以内に、異議に係る部分に相当する金銭を（第八十五条の三第一項に規定する配当期日をいう。次項及び第八十五条第一項において同じ。）若しくは弁済金の交付の日に納付しなければならない。
The court clerk may changeIn the case of the time limit under paragraph (1) if preceding paragraph, if an objection is filed regarding the clerk finds itamount of distribution to be particularly necessaryreceived by the purchaser, the purchaser must pay money equivalent to the portion that the objection concerns within one week from the day that the period for filing an objection ends or the distribution date.
裁判所書記官は、特に必要があると認める前項の場合において、買受人の受けるべき配当の額について異議の申出があつたときは、第一項の期限を変更することができる買受人は、異議申出期間が満了する日又は配当期日から一週間以内に、異議に係る部分に相当する金銭を納付しなければならない。
A person may file an objection withThe court clerk may change the enforcement court to a court clerk's dispositiontime limit under paragraph (1) orif the preceding paragraphclerk finds it to be particularly necessary.
第一項又は前項の規定による裁判所書記官の処分に対しては、執行裁判所に異議を申し立ては、特に必要があると認めるときは、第一項の期限を変更することができる。
The provisions of the first sentence of Article 10, paragraph (6) and Article 10, A person may file an objection with the enforcement court to a court clerk's disposition under paragraph (9) apply mutatis mutandis to cases where an objection under1) or the preceding paragraph has been filed.
第十条第六項前段及び第九項の規定は、一項又は前項の規定による異議の申立てがあつた場合について準用す裁判所書記官の処分に対しては、執行裁判所に異議を申し立てることができる。
The provisions of the first sentence of Article 10, paragraph (6) and Article 10, paragraph (9) apply mutatis mutandis to cases where an objection under the preceding paragraph has been filed.
第十条第六項前段及び第九項の規定は、前項の規定による異議の申立てがあつた場合について準用する。
A purchaser acquires immovable property at the time of payment of the price.
買受人は、代金を納付した時に不動産を取得する。
A ruling to permit a sale ceases to be effective if the purchaser fails to pay the price. In this case, the purchaser may not claim return of the guarantee provided pursuant to the provisions of Article 66.
買受人が代金を納付しないときは、売却許可決定は、その効力を失う。この場合においては、買受人は、第六十六条の規定により提供した保証の返還を請求することができない。
In the cases referred to in the first sentence of the preceding paragraph, if there is a next highest offer, the enforcement court must rule to permit or not permit the sale in connection with that offer.
前項前段の場合において、次順位買受けの申出があるときは、執行裁判所は、その申出について売却の許可又は不許可の決定をしなければならない。
If land and any building built on it are under the ownership of an obligor, if the land or building has been seized and the owner of either the land or building has changed to a person other than that obligor through its sale, a superficies is deemed to have been established for the building. In this case, the rent is specified by the court, upon request by the party concerned.
土地及びその上にある建物が債務者の所有に属する場合において、その土地又は建物の差押えがあり、その売却により所有者を異にするに至つたときは、その建物について、地上権が設定されたものとみなす。この場合においては、地代は、当事者の請求により、裁判所が定める。
Once a purchaser pays the purchase price, the court clerk must commission the following registration or deletion:
買受人が代金を納付したときは、裁判所書記官は、次に掲げる登記及び登記の抹消を嘱託しなければならない。
registration of transfer of the rights acquired by the purchaser;
買受人の取得した権利の移転の登記
deletion of a registration connected with any rights that were extinguished through the sale or acquisition of rights or provisional dispositions that ceased to be effective through the sale; and
売却により消滅した権利又は売却により効力を失つた権利の取得若しくは仮処分に係る登記の抹消
deletion of a registration of any seizure or provisional seizure.
差押え又は仮差押えの登記の抹消
If the purchaser or a person who seeks to receive establishment of a mortgage on immovable property from the purchaser has made a proposal by the time of payment of the price, pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court, the commission under the preceding paragraph must be made by providing commission information to a person who is capable of providing an agency service of application for registration as a business and who has been designated by the proposer, and having that person provide the commission information to the registry. In this case, the person designated by the proposer must provide the commission information to the registry without delay.
買受人及び買受人から不動産の上に抵当権の設定を受けようとする者が、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、代金の納付の時までに申出をしたときは、前項の規定による嘱託は、登記の申請の代理を業とすることができる者で申出人の指定するものに嘱託情報を提供して登記所に提供させる方法によつてしなければならない。この場合において、申出人の指定する者は、遅滞なく、その嘱託情報を登記所に提供しなければならない。
To make a commission under paragraph (1), information proving that a ruling to permit the sale has been issued must be provided along with the commission information.
第一項の規定による嘱託をするには、その嘱託情報と併せて売却許可決定があつたことを証する情報を提供しなければならない。
The registration and license tax and any other costs required for a commission under paragraph (1) is borne by the purchaser.
第一項の規定による嘱託に要する登録免許税その他の費用は、買受人の負担とする。
An enforcement court may, upon petition by a purchaser who has paid the price, order an obligor or a possessor of immovable property to deliver the immovable property to the purchaser; provided, however, that this does not apply to a person who is recognized, under the record of the case, to possess the immovable property based on a title that may be duly asserted against the purchaser.
執行裁判所は、代金を納付した買受人の申立てにより、債務者又は不動産の占有者に対し、不動産を買受人に引き渡すべき旨を命ずることができる。ただし、事件の記録上買受人に対抗することができる権原により占有していると認められる者に対しては、この限りでない。
A purchaser may not file the petition referred to in the preceding paragraph when six months (or, for a purchaser of a building that had been possessed by the mortgaged building user prescribed in Article 395, paragraph (1) of the Civil Code at the time of the purchase, nine months) have passed from the day of payment of the price.
買受人は、代金を納付した日から六月（買受けの時に民法第三百九十五条第一項に規定する抵当建物使用者が占有していた建物の買受人にあつては、九月）を経過したときは、前項の申立てをすることができない。
An enforcement court must, in the case of issuing an order under paragraph (1) to a possessor other than the obligor, interrogate that person; provided, however, that this does not apply when it is clear, under the record of the case, that the person does not possess the immovable property based on a title that may be duly asserted against the purchaser or if the enforcement court has already interrogated that person.
執行裁判所は、債務者以外の占有者に対し第一項の規定による決定をする場合には、その者を審尋しなければならない。ただし、事件の記録上その者が買受人に対抗することができる権原により占有しているものでないことが明らかであるとき、又は既にその者を審尋しているときは、この限りでない。
An appeal may be filed against a judicial decision on the petition referred to in paragraph (1).
第一項の申立てについての裁判に対しては、執行抗告をすることができる。
An order under paragraph (1) is not effective until it becomes final and binding.
第一項の規定による決定は、確定しなければその効力を生じない。
In proceedings for a compulsory auction, if a ruling establishing a provisional order stated in Article 55, paragraph (1), item (iii) or Article 77, paragraph (1), item (iii) and a provisional order to post a public notice stated in those items has been carried out and a delivery order has been issued against the respondent associated with that ruling upon petition by the purchaser, the purchaser may enforce the delivery of the immovable property against either of the following persons based on the delivery order:
強制競売の手続において、第五十五条第一項第三号又は第七十七条第一項第三号に掲げる保全処分及び公示保全処分を命ずる決定の執行がされ、かつ、買受人の申立てにより当該決定の被申立人に対して引渡命令が発せられたときは、買受人は、当該引渡命令に基づき、次に掲げる者に対し、不動産の引渡しの強制執行をすることができる。
a person who possessed the immovable property, knowing that the ruling has been carried out; or
当該決定の執行がされたことを知つて当該不動産を占有した者
a person who succeeded to the possession of that immovable property by the respondent associated with the ruling after the ruling has been carried out, without knowing that the ruling had been carried out.
当該決定の執行後に当該執行がされたことを知らないで当該決定の被申立人の占有を承継した者
A person taking possession of the immovable property referred to in the preceding paragraph after the enforcement of the ruling referred to in that paragraph is presumed to take possession of the immovable property while knowing that the ruling has been carried out.
前項の決定の執行後に同項の不動産を占有した者は、その執行がされたことを知つて占有したものと推定する。
If an attestation of enforceability against a person other than the respondent of the order referred to in paragraph (1) has been provided regarding the delivery order referred to that paragraph, this person may file an objection to the granting of the attestation of enforceability on the basis that they possess the immovable property based on a title that may be duly asserted against the purchaser or that they do not fall under any of the items of that paragraph.
第一項の引渡命令について同項の決定の被申立人以外の者に対する執行文が付与されたときは、その者は、執行文の付与に対する異議の申立てにおいて、買受人に対抗することができる権原により不動産を占有していること、又は自己が同項各号のいずれにも該当しないことを理由とすることができる。
If the sales price has been paid, thean enforcement court must implement distribution based on the an electronic distribution list, (an electronic distribution list prescribed in paragraph (3) of the following Article recorded in a file pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5) of that Article) except in the cases prescribed in the following paragraph.
執行裁判所は、代金の納付があつた場合には、次項に規定する場合を除き、電子配当表（次条第三項に規定する電子配当表であつて、同条第五項の規定によりファイルに記録されたものをいう。）に基づいて配当を実施しなければならない。
If there is only one obligee or if there are two or more obligees and it is possible to fully perform the claims and enforcement costs of the respective obligees with the proceeds of the sale, the enforcement court prepares a an electronic statement of delivery of the proceeds of the sale, (meaning an electronic or magnetic record prepared by the enforcement court, pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court, by recording the amount of the proceeds of the sale, the amounts of the principal of the claims, interest, and any other incidental claims of each obligee, the amount of the enforcement costs, and the order and amounts of delivery of payment money to enable the payment money and surplus to be delivered; the same applies in the following paragraph) pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court, and delivers payment money to the obligees, and delivers any surplus to the obligor.
債権者が一人である場合又は債権者が二人以上であつて売却代金で各債権者の債権及び執行費用の全部を弁済することができる場合には、執行裁判所は、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、売却代金の電子交付計算書（執行裁判所が、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、弁済金及び剰余金を交付するために、売却代金の額、各債権者の債権の元本及び利息その他の附帯の債権の額、執行費用の額並びに弁済金の交付の順位及び額を記録して作成する電磁的記録をいう。次項において同じ。）を作成して、債権者に弁済金を交付し、剰余金を債務者に交付する。
If a document stated in Article 39, paragraph (1), items (i) through (vi) has been submitted afteran enforcement court has prepared an electronic statement of delivery pursuant to the paymentprovisions of the sales price, and there is another obligee who is to receive a distribution of the proceeds ofpreceding paragraph, the enforcement court must record the sale or deliveryelectronic statement of payment (referred to as "distribution or payment" below),delivery in a file pursuant to the enforcement court must implementprovisions of the distribution or payment for that obligeeRules of the Supreme Court.
代金の納付後に第三十九条第一項第一号から第六号までに掲げる文書の提出があつ執行裁判所は、前項の規定により電子交付計算書を作成した場合において、他に売却代金の配当又は弁済金の交付（以下「配当等」という。）を受けるべき債権者があるときは、執行は、最高裁判所は、その債権者のために配当等を実施規則で定めるところにより、これをファイルに記録しなければならない。
Even ifIf a document or electronic or magnetic record stated in Article 39, paragraph (1), item (vii) or item (viiiitems (i) through (vi) has been submitted after the payment of the sales price, and there is another obligee who is to receive a distribution of the proceeds of the sale or delivery of payment (referred to as "distribution or payment" below), the enforcement court must implement the distribution or payment for that obligee.
代金の納付後に第三十九条第一項第七号又は第八号一号から第六号までに掲げる文書又は電磁的記録の提出があつた場合においても、、他に売却代金の配当又は弁済金の交付（以下「配当等」という。）を受けるべき債権者があるときは、執行裁判所は、その債権者のために配当等を実施しなければならない。
Even if a document or electronic or magnetic record stated in Article 39, paragraph (1), item (vii) or item (viii) has been submitted after the payment of the sales price, the enforcement court must implement distribution or payment.
代金の納付後に第三十九条第一項第七号又は第八号に掲げる文書又は電磁的記録の提出があつた場合においても、執行裁判所は、配当等を実施しなければならない。
Preparation of theElectronic Distribution List
電子配当表の作成
On the distribution date, theAn enforcement court determines, for each of the obligees stated in the items of Article 87, paragraph (1), the amounts of the principal of the claim, interest, and any other incidental claims, the amount of enforcement costs, and the order and amount of distribution for each of the obligees stated in the items of Article 87, paragraph (1); provided, however, that this does not apply to the order and amount of distribution if an agreement has been reached among all of the obligees and notification to that effect is submitted to the enforcement court or an agreement has been reached among all of the obligees on the distribution date.
執行裁判所は、配当期日において、第八十七条第一項各号に掲げる各債権者について、その債権の元本及び利息その他の附帯の債権の額、執行費用の額並びに配当の順位及び額を定める。ただし、配当の順位及び額については、全ての債権者間に合意が成立し、執行裁判所に対しその旨の届出があつた場合又は配当期日においてすべ全ての債権者間に合意が成立した場合は、この限りでない。
When determining the order and amount of a distribution pursuant to the provisions of the main clause of the preceding paragraph, the enforcement court must make the determination in accordance with the provisions of the Civil Code, Commercial Code and any other Acts.
執行裁判所は、前項本文の規定により配当の順位及び額を定める場合には、民法、商法その他の法律の定めるところによらなければならない。
OnWhen the distribution date, matters prescribed in the main clause of paragraph (1) (excluding the order and amount of the distribution, in the obligeescase prescribed in the proviso to that paragraph ; the same applies in paragraph (1) andof the obligor following Article) have been determined pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), a court clerk must be summonedprepare an electronic distribution list (meaning an electronic or magnetic record prepared by the court clerk, pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court, by recording the matters stated in the following paragraph to implement a distribution; the same applies below) pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Supreme Court.
配当期日には、第一項の規定により同項本文に規定する事項（同項ただし書に規定する場合には、配当の順位及び額を除く。次条第一項に規定する債権者及び債務者を呼び出さおいて同じ。）が定められたときは、裁判所書記官は、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、電子配当表（裁判所書記官が、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、配当を実施するために次項に規定する事項を記録して作成する電磁的記録をいう。以下同じ。）を作成しなければならない。
On A statement of the distribution date, if amount of the proceeds of the enforcement court finds it to be necessary for determining sale and the content of the enforcement court's determination on the matters prescribed in the main clause of paragraph (1), it may interrogate the obligees and (and, in a case as provided in the obligor who appeared and immediately examine any documentary evidence that may be examined or proviso to that paragraph, the content of the agreement on the order and amount of the details of informationdistribution) must be recorded in electronic or magnetic recordsan electronic distribution list.
執行裁判所は、配当期日において、電子配当表には、売却代金の額及び第一項本文に規定する事項を定めるため必要があると認めるときは、出頭した債権者及び債務者を審尋し、かつ、即時に取り調べることができる書証又は電磁的記録に記録された情報の内容の取調べをすることができるについての執行裁判所の定めの内容（同項ただし書に規定する場合にあつては、配当の順位及び額については、その合意の内容）を記録しなければならない。
When the matters prescribed in the main clause of paragraph (1) (excludingIf a court clerk has prepared an electronic distribution list pursuant to the order and amountprovisions of distribution, inparagraph (3), the case prescribed in the proviso to that paragraph) have been determinedcourt clerk must record the electronic distribution list in a file pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), the court clerk must prepare a distribution list onRules of the distribution dateSupreme Court.
第一裁判所書記官は、第三項の規定により同項本文に規定する事項（同項ただし書に規定する場合には、配当の順位及び額を除く。）が定められたときは、電子配当表を作成した場合には、最高裁判所書記官は、配当期日において、配当表を作成規則で定めるところにより、これをファイルに記録しなければならない。
The amount of the proceeds of the sale and the content of the enforcement court's determination on the matters prescribed in the main clause of paragraph (1) (and, in the case prescribed in the proviso to that paragraph, the content of the agreement on the order and amount of distribution) must be stated in the distribution list.
配当表には、売却代金の額及び第一項本文に規定する事項についての執行裁判所の定めの内容（同項ただし書に規定する場合にあつては、配当の順位及び額については、その合意の内容）を記載しなければならない。
The provisions of Article 16, paragraphs (3) and (4) apply mutatis mutandis to the service of a summons on the obligees prescribed in paragraph (1) (excluding those prescribed in the first sentence of paragraph (1) of that Article).
第十六条第三項及び第四項の規定は、第一項に規定する債権者（同条第一項前段に規定する者を除く。）に対する呼出状の送達について準用する。
Designation of Period for Filing an Opposition
異議申出期間の指定
When an enforcement court determines the matters prescribed in the main clause of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article pursuant to the provisions of that paragraph, the enforcement court must designate the period when oppositions under Article 89, paragraph (1) should be filed (referred to as the "opposition filing period" below).
執行裁判所は、前条第一項の規定により同項本文に規定する事項を定めたときは、第八十九条第一項の規定による異議の申出をすべき期間（以下「異議申出期間」という。）を指定しなければならない。
When an enforcement court designates the opposition filing period under the preceding paragraph, the enforcement court must send the judicial decision designating the opposition filing period and the electronic distribution list prepared pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (3) of the preceding Article (limited to an electronic distribution list that is recorded in a file pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (5) of that Article; the same applies below, except for paragraph (4) of the following Article) on the obligees and obligor prescribed in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article.
執行裁判所は、前項の規定による異議申出期間の指定をした場合には、当該指定の裁判及び前条第三項の規定により作成された電子配当表（同条第五項の規定によりファイルに記録されたものに限る。次条第四項を除き、以下同じ。）を前条第一項に規定する債権者及び債務者に送付しなければならない。