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Civil Enforcement Act

民事執行法(みんじしっこうほう)

Section 2 Judicial Enforcement of Claims for Payment of Money (Articles 156 to 164)

The law as Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts to Promote the Use of Information and Communications Technology in Civil Procedures, etc. (Act No. 53 of 2023) leaves it, with the words it changes marked.

The main text is read a page at a time: a chapter to a page, and a long chapter in runs of articles. The whole main text, and the supplementary provisions and appended tables this amendment changes. Those it leaves untouched are on the page for the text in force.

Article 156第百五十六条

Statutory Deposit by a Third Party Obligor(第三債務者の供託)
1 change in this article
Article 156, paragraph (1)(第三債務者の供託)

A third party obligor may make a statutory deposit of money equivalent to the total amount of the monetary claim subject to a seizure (limited to a monetary claim seized based on an order of seizure; the same applies in this Article and Article 161-2) to an official depository at the place of performance of the obligation.

第三債務者は、差押えに係る金銭債権(差押命令により差し押さえられた金銭債権に限る。以下この条及び第百六十一条の二において同じ。)の全額に相当する金銭を債務の履行地の供託所に供託することができる。

Article 156, paragraph (2)(第三債務者の供託)(Statutory Deposit by a Third Party Obligor)Changed

A third party obligor must, by the time the obligor receives a service of thea complaint for the action prescribed in paragraph (1) of the following Article, make a statutory deposit, to an official depository at the place of performance of the obligation, of money equivalent to the total amount of the claim if the obligor has been served with an order of seizure, a disposition of seizure or an order of provisional seizure that has been issued beyond the unseized portion of thea monetary claim subject to a seizure, or of money equivalent to the seized portion if the obligor has been served with a document stating an electronic or magnetic record (limited to a record that is recorded in a file) prepared by the recording court clerk recording that a distribution demand has beenis made, to an official depository at the place of performance of the obligation.

第三債務者は、次条第一項に規定する訴えの訴状の送達を受ける時までに、差押えに係る金銭債権のうち差し押さえられていない部分を超えて発せられた差押命令、差押処分又は仮差押命令の送達を受けたときはその債権の全額に相当する金銭を、配当要求があつた旨を記載した文書録した裁判所書記官により作成された電磁的記録(ファイルに記録されたものに限る。)の送達を受けたときは差し押さえられた部分に相当する金銭を債務の履行地の供託所に供託しなければならない。

Article 156, paragraph (3)(第三債務者の供託)

A third party obligor, when the obligor has received service of a statutory deposit order prescribed in the provisions of Article 161-2, paragraph (1), must make a statutory deposit of money equivalent to the total amount of the claim subject to a seizure to an official depository at the place of performance of the obligation.

第三債務者は、第百六十一条の二第一項に規定する供託命令の送達を受けたときは、差押えに係る金銭債権の全額に相当する金銭を債務の履行地の供託所に供託しなければならない。

Article 156, paragraph (4)(第三債務者の供託)

A third party obligor, when the obligor has made a statutory deposit under the preceding three paragraphs, must notify the enforcement court of the circumstances.

第三債務者は、前三項の規定による供託をしたときは、その事情を執行裁判所に届け出なければならない。

Article 157第百五十七条

Suit for Collection(取立訴訟)
Article 157, paragraph (1)

When an attaching obligee has filed an action seeking performance of a seized claim (referred to as a "suit for collection" below) against a third party obligor, the court in charge of the case may, upon petition by the third party obligor, order any other obligee who has seized the claim by the time of the service of the complaint to intervene on the plaintiff's side as a co-litigants

差押債権者が第三債務者に対し差し押さえた債権に係る給付を求める訴え(以下「取立訴訟」という。)を提起したときは、受訴裁判所は、第三債務者の申立てにより、他の債権者で訴状の送達の時までにその債権を差し押さえたものに対し、共同訴訟人として原告に参加すべきことを命ずることができる。

Article 157, paragraph (2)

The court may render the judicial decision referred to in the preceding paragraph without hearing oral arguments.

前項の裁判は、口頭弁論を経ないですることができる。

Article 157, paragraph (3)

Effects of a judgment in a suit for collection extend even to any attaching obligees who had been ordered to intervene pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) but had failed to intervene.

取立訴訟の判決の効力は、第一項の規定により参加すべきことを命じられた差押債権者で参加しなかつたものにも及ぶ。

Article 157, paragraph (4)

When upholding the plaintiff's claim in a suit for collection against a third party obligor who is obligated to make a statutory deposit pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) or (3) of the preceding Article, the court in charge of the case must include a statement that the payment of money for the claim should be made by the method of a statutory deposit in the main text of the judgment.

前条第二項又は第三項の規定により供託の義務を負う第三債務者に対する取立訴訟において、原告の請求を認容するときは、受訴裁判所は、請求に係る金銭の支払は供託の方法によりすべき旨を判決の主文に掲げなければならない。

Article 157, paragraph (5)

When the plaintiff of the judgment prescribed in the preceding paragraph is to receive distribution or payment in judicial enforcement or an auction, a statutory deposit of money equivalent to the amount of the distribution or payment must be made.

強制執行又は競売において、前項に規定する判決の原告が配当等を受けるべきときは、その配当等の額に相当する金銭は、供託しなければならない。

Article 158第百五十八条

Compensation of Damage to an Obligor(債権者の損害賠償)
Article 158, paragraph (1)

An attaching obligee is liable to compensate an obligor for any damages resulting from a failure to enforce a seized claim.

差押債権者は、債務者に対し、差し押さえた債権の行使を怠つたことによつて生じた損害を賠償する責めに任ずる。

Article 159第百五十九条

Assignment Order(転付命令)
1 change in this article
Article 159, paragraph (1)(転付命令)

An enforcement court may, upon petition by the attaching obligee, issue an order to assign the seized monetary claim to the attaching obligee at face value in lieu of payment (referred to as an "assignment order" below).

執行裁判所は、差押債権者の申立てにより、支払に代えて券面額で差し押さえられた金銭債権を差押債権者に転付する命令(以下「転付命令」という。)を発することができる。

Article 159, paragraph (2)(転付命令)

An assignment order must be served upon the obligor and the third party obligor.

転付命令は、債務者及び第三債務者に送達しなければならない。

Article 159, paragraph (3)(転付命令)

If, by the time an assignment order is served upon the third party obligor, another obligee carries out a seizure or a provisional seizure or makes a distribution demand in connection with the monetary claim subject to the assignment order, the assignment order does not become effective.

転付命令が第三債務者に送達される時までに、転付命令に係る金銭債権について、他の債権者が差押え、仮差押えの執行又は配当要求をしたときは、転付命令は、その効力を生じない。

Article 159, paragraph (4)(転付命令)

An appeal may be filed against an order on the petition referred to in paragraph (1).

第一項の申立てについての決定に対しては、執行抗告をすることができる。

Article 159, paragraph (5)(転付命令)

An assignment order is not effective until it becomes final and binding.

転付命令は、確定しなければその効力を生じない。

Article 159, paragraph (6)(転付命令)

With regards to the application of the provisions of the preceding paragraph if a seized monetary claim is a claim stated in the items of Article 152, paragraph (1) or a claim under paragraph (2) of the Article (excluding cases where a monetary claim related to the obligations stated in the items of Article 151-2, paragraph (1) is included in claims of the attaching obligee), the phrase "unless it becomes final and binding" in the paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "until it becomes final and binding, and four weeks have passed from the date when the order of seizure is served to an obligor".

差し押さえられた金銭債権が第百五十二条第一項各号に掲げる債権又は同条第二項に規定する債権である場合(差押債権者の債権に第百五十一条の二第一項各号に掲げる義務に係る金銭債権が含まれているときを除く。)における前項の規定の適用については、同項中「確定しなければ」とあるのは、「確定し、かつ、債務者に対して差押命令が送達された日から四週間を経過するまでは、」とする。

Article 159, paragraph (7)(転付命令)(Assignment Order)Changed

If an appeal against an enforcement decision has been filed on the groundsbasis that athe document or electronic or magnetic record stated in Article 39, paragraph (1), item (vii) or (viii) wasis submitted after the issuance of an assignment order, the court of appeal must withhold the judicial decision on the appeal against an enforcement decision, except in the case of setting aside the assignment order based on another groundreason.

転付命令が発せられた後に第三十九条第一項第七号又は第八号に掲げる文書又は電磁的記録を提出したことを理由として執行抗告がされたときは、抗告裁判所は、他の理由により転付命令を取り消す場合を除き、執行抗告についての裁判を留保しなければならない。

Article 160第百六十条

Effects of an Assignment Order(転付命令の効力)
Article 160, paragraph (1)

If an assignment order has become effective, as long as the monetary claim for the assignment order exists, the claim and enforcement costs of the attaching obligee is deemed to have been performed, in the amount of the face value of the claim, at the time of the service of the assignment order upon the third party obligor.

転付命令が効力を生じた場合においては、差押債権者の債権及び執行費用は、転付命令に係る金銭債権が存する限り、その券面額で、転付命令が第三債務者に送達された時に弁済されたものとみなす。

Article 161第百六十一条

Transfer Order(譲渡命令等)
1 change in this article
Article 161, paragraph (1)(譲渡命令等)

When a seized claim is one subject to a condition or one with a due date, or when it is difficult to collect the claim since it relates to counter-performance or due to any other grounds, the enforcement court may, upon petition by the attaching obligee, issue an order to transfer the claim to the attaching obligee at the price specified by the enforcement court in lieu of payment (referred to as a "transfer order" below), issue an order that orders a court enforcement officer to sell the claim by the method specified by the enforcement court in lieu of collection (referred to as a "sale order" below), issue an order to appoint an administrator and order the administrator to conduct administration of the claim (referred to as an "administration order" below), or issue any other order that orders a realization through a reasonable method (collectively referred to in Article 167-10, paragraph (1) as a "transfer order, etc.").

差し押さえられた債権が、条件付若しくは期限付であるとき、又は反対給付に係ることその他の事由によりその取立てが困難であるときは、執行裁判所は、差押債権者の申立てにより、その債権を執行裁判所が定めた価額で支払に代えて差押債権者に譲渡する命令(以下「譲渡命令」という。)、取立てに代えて、執行裁判所の定める方法によりその債権の売却を執行官に命ずる命令(以下「売却命令」という。)又は管理人を選任してその債権の管理を命ずる命令(以下「管理命令」という。)その他相当な方法による換価を命ずる命令(第百六十七条の十第一項において「譲渡命令等」と総称する。)を発することができる。

Article 161, paragraph (2)(譲渡命令等)

An enforcement court must, in the case of issuing an order under the preceding paragraph, interrogate the obligor; provided, however, that this does not apply when the obligor is in a foreign state or the domicile of the obligor is unknown.

執行裁判所は、前項の規定による決定をする場合には、債務者を審尋しなければならない。ただし、債務者が外国にあるとき、又はその住所が知れないときは、この限りでない。

Article 161, paragraph (3)(譲渡命令等)

An appeal may be filed against an order on the petition referred to in paragraph (1).

第一項の申立てについての決定に対しては、執行抗告をすることができる。

Article 161, paragraph (4)(譲渡命令等)

An order under paragraph (1) is not effective until it becomes final and binding.

第一項の規定による決定は、確定しなければその効力を生じない。

Article 161, paragraph (5)(譲渡命令等)

If the seized claim is a claim stated in the items of Article 152, paragraph (1) or a claim under paragraph (2) of that Article (excluding cases where a monetary claim related to the obligations stated in the items of Article 151-2, paragraph (1) is included in claims of the attaching obligee), the phrase "unless it becomes final and binding" in the preceding paragraph is deemed to be replaced with "until it becomes final and binding, and four weeks have passed from the date when the order of seizure is served to an obligor".

差し押さえられた債権が第百五十二条第一項各号に掲げる債権又は同条第二項に規定する債権である場合(差押債権者の債権に第百五十一条の二第一項各号に掲げる義務に係る金銭債権が含まれているときを除く。)における前項の規定の適用については、同項中「確定しなければ」とあるのは、「確定し、かつ、債務者に対して差押命令が送達された日から四週間を経過するまでは、」とする。

Article 161, paragraph (6)(譲渡命令等)

When a court enforcement officer has sold a seized claim, the officer must, in lieu of the obligor, notify the third party obligor of the transfer of the claim by delivering an instrument bearing a certified date.

執行官は、差し押さえられた債権を売却したときは、債務者に代わり、第三債務者に対し、確定日付のある証書によりその譲渡の通知をしなければならない。

Article 161, paragraph (7)(譲渡命令等)(Transfer Order)Changed

The provisions of Article 159, paragraphs (2) and (3) and the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to a transfer order, the provisions of Article 159, paragraph (7) apply mutatis mutandis to an appeal against an enforcement decision filed against a transfer order, the provisions of Article 65 and Article 68 apply mutatis mutandis to a sale by a court enforcement officer based on a sale order, the provisions of Article 159, paragraph (2) apply mutatis mutandis to an administration order, and the provisions of Article 84, paragraphs (34) and (45), Article 88, Article 94, paragraph (2), Article 95 , paragraphs (1), (3) and (4), Articles 98 through 104, and Articles 106 through 110 apply mutatis mutandis to administration based on an administration order, respectively. In this case, the phrase "after the payment of the sales price" in Article 84, paragraphs (34) and (45) is deemed to be replaced with "after the passage of the period referred to in Article 107, paragraph (1) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 161, paragraph (7)".."

第百五十九条第二項及び第三項並びに前条の規定は譲渡命令について、第百五十九条第七項の規定は譲渡命令に対する執行抗告について、第六十五条及び第六十八条の規定は売却命令に基づく執行官の売却について、第百五十九条第二項の規定は管理命令について、第八十四条第三四項及び第四五項、第八十八条、第九十四条第二項、第九十五条第一項、第三項及び第四項、第九十八条から第百四条まで並びに第百六条から第百十条までの規定は管理命令に基づく管理について、それぞれ準用する。この場合において、第八十四条第三四項及び第四五項中「代金の納付後」とあるのは、「第百六十一条第七項において準用する第百七条第一項の期間の経過後」と読み替えるものとする。

Article 161-2第百六十一条の二

Statutory Deposit Order(供託命令)
Article 161-2, paragraph (1)

In the cases falling under either of the following items, an enforcement court may, upon petition by an attaching obligee effecting a seizure, order a third party obligor to make a statutory deposit of money equivalent to the total amount of the claim subject to the seizure to an official depository at the place of performance of the obligation (in this Article and Article 167-10 referred to as a "statutory deposit order" below):

次の各号のいずれかに掲げる場合には、執行裁判所は、差押債権者の申立てにより、差押えに係る金銭債権の全額に相当する金銭を債務の履行地の供託所に供託すべきことを第三債務者に命ずる命令(以下この条及び第百六十七条の十において「供託命令」という。)を発することができる。

Article 161-2, paragraph (1), item (i)

if a decision specified in Article 133, paragraph (1) of the Code of Civil Procedure applicable mutatis mutandis under Article 20 has been made regarding the domicile or name of the attaching obligee effecting a seizure or the obligee's statutory agent; or

差押債権者又はその法定代理人の住所又は氏名について第二十条において準用する民事訴訟法第百三十三条第一項の決定がされたとき。

Article 161-2, paragraph (1), item (ii)

if the matters in lieu of the domicile or name of the attaching obligee effecting a seizure or the obligee's statutory agent specified pursuant to the provisions of Article 133, paragraph (5) of the Code of Civil Procedure (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to other Acts) are indicated in a title of obligation.

債務名義に民事訴訟法第百三十三条第五項(他の法律において準用する場合を含む。)の規定により定められた差押債権者又はその法定代理人の住所又は氏名に代わる事項が表示されているとき。

Article 161-2, paragraph (2)

A statutory deposit order must be served upon the third party obligor.

供託命令は、第三債務者に送達しなければならない。

Article 161-2, paragraph (3)

An appeal may be filed against an order to deny the petition stated in paragraph (1).

第一項の申立てを却下する決定に対しては、執行抗告をすることができる。

Article 161-2, paragraph (4)

No appeal may be entered against a statutory deposit order.

供託命令に対しては、不服を申し立てることができない。

Article 162第百六十二条

Carrying Out an Order to Seize a Claim for Delivery of a Vessel(船舶の引渡請求権の差押命令の執行)
Article 162, paragraph (1)

An obligee who has had a claim for delivery of a vessel seized may, when one week has passed from the day on which an order of seizure is served upon the obligor, demand the third party obligor to deliver the vessel to the custodian appointed by the district court having jurisdiction in the locality of the vessel.

船舶の引渡請求権を差し押さえた債権者は、債務者に対して差押命令が送達された日から一週間を経過したときは、第三債務者に対し、船舶の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所の選任する保管人にその船舶を引き渡すべきことを請求することができる。

Article 162, paragraph (2)

Judicial enforcement against a vessel delivered to a custodian pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph is carried out by the means of enforcement against a vessel.

前項の規定により保管人が引渡しを受けた船舶の強制執行は、船舶執行の方法により行う。

Article 162, paragraph (3)

If the custodian prescribed in paragraph (1) has received delivery of a vessel, if an order commencing compulsory auction proceedings is issued for the vessel, the custodian is deemed to be a custodian appointed pursuant to the provisions of Article 116, paragraph (1).

第一項に規定する保管人が船舶の引渡しを受けた場合において、その船舶について強制競売の開始決定がされたときは、その保管人は、第百十六条第一項の規定により選任された保管人とみなす。

Article 163第百六十三条

Carrying Out an Order to Seize a Claim for Delivery of Movables(動産の引渡請求権の差押命令の執行)
Article 163, paragraph (1)

An obligee who has had a claim for delivery of movables seized may, when one week has passed from the day on which an order of seizure is served upon the obligor, demand the third party obligor to deliver the movables to the court enforcement officer who has received a petition by the attaching obligee.

動産の引渡請求権を差し押さえた債権者は、債務者に対して差押命令が送達された日から一週間を経過したときは、第三債務者に対し、差押債権者の申立てを受けた執行官にその動産を引き渡すべきことを請求することができる。

Article 163, paragraph (2)

When a court enforcement officer has received delivery of movables, the officer sells the property through the procedure of sale in enforcement against movables, and must submit the proceeds of the sale to the enforcement court.

執行官は、動産の引渡しを受けたときは、動産執行の売却の手続によりこれを売却し、その売得金を執行裁判所に提出しなければならない。

Article 164第百六十四条

Commission of Registration of Transfer(移転登記等の嘱託)
3 changes in this article
Article 164, paragraph (1)(移転登記等の嘱託)

When an assignment order or a transfer order has become effective and binding for the claim prescribed in Article 150, or when a sale based on a sale order has been terminated, a court clerk must, upon petition, commission registration of transfer of the statutory lien, pledge or mortgage for the attaching obligee or the purchaser who acquired the claim, and commission deletion of registration under that Article.

第百五十条に規定する債権について、転付命令若しくは譲渡命令が効力を生じたとき、又は売却命令による売却が終了したときは、裁判所書記官は、申立てにより、その債権を取得した差押債権者又は買受人のために先取特権、質権又は抵当権の移転の登記等を嘱託し、及び同条の規定による登記等の抹消を嘱託しなければならない。

Article 164, paragraph (2)(移転登記等の嘱託)(Commission of Registration of Transfer)Changed

In the case of making a commission under the preceding paragraph (excluding the case prescribed in the following paragraph), the commission document must have attached to it an authenticated copyan attached certificate of recorded information of an assignment order or a transfer order, or a transcript an attached certificate of the document recorded information of an electronic or magnetic record that is prepared by a court enforcement officer regarding a sale based on a sale order and recorded in a file.

前項の規定による嘱託をする場合(次項に規定する場合を除く。)においては、嘱託書に、転付命令若しくは譲渡命令の正本記録事項証明書又は売却命令に基づく売却について執行官が作成した文書の謄本電磁的記録であつてファイルに記録されたものの記録事項証明書を添付しなければならない。

Article 164, paragraph (3)(移転登記等の嘱託)(Commission of Registration of Transfer)Changed

In the case of making a commission under paragraph (1), when making a commission under Article 18 of the RealImmovable Property Registration Act (Act No. 123 of 2004) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 16, paragraph (2) of thatthe Act (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to other laws and regulations), information proving the fact that an assignment order or a transfer order has been issued or information proving the contents of the document an electronic or magnetic record that is prepared by a court enforcement officer regarding a sale based on a sale order and recorded in a file must be provided togethersubmitted along with the commission information.

第一項の規定による嘱託をする場合において、不動産登記法(平成十六年法律第百二十三号)第十六条第二項(他の法令において準用する場合を含む。)において準用する同法第十八条の規定による嘱託をするときは、その嘱託情報と併せて転付命令若しくは譲渡命令があつたことを証する情報又は売却命令に基づく売却について執行官が作成した文書電磁的記録であつてファイルに記録されたものの内容を証する情報を提供しなければならない。

Article 164, paragraph (4)(移転登記等の嘱託)

The registration and license tax and any other costs required for a commission under paragraph (1) are borne by the attaching obligee or the purchaser prescribed in the paragraph.

第一項の規定による嘱託に要する登録免許税その他の費用は、同項に規定する差押債権者又は買受人の負担とする。

Article 164, paragraph (5)(移転登記等の嘱託)(Commission of Registration of Transfer)Changed

If registration, etc. has been made pursuant to the provisions of Article 150, when a document or electronic or magnetic record proving that a payment or a statutory deposit has beenis made for the seized claim has been submitted, a court clerk must, upon petition, commission deletion of that registration, etcthe relevant registration. The same applies when the petition for enforcement against a claim has been withdrawn or when an order setting to set aside thean order of seizure has become final and binding.

第百五十条の規定により登記等がされた場合において、差し押さえられた債権について支払又は供託があつたことを証する文書又は電磁的記録が提出されたときは、裁判所書記官は、申立てにより、その登記等の抹消を嘱託しなければならない。債権執行の申立てが取り下げられたとき、又は差押命令の取消決定が確定したときも、同様とする。

Article 164, paragraph (6)(移転登記等の嘱託)

The registration and license tax and any other costs required for a commission under the preceding paragraph are borne by the obligor in the case referred to in the first sentence of that paragraph, and by the attaching obligee in the case referred to in the second sentence of that paragraph.

前項の規定による嘱託に要する登録免許税その他の費用は、同項前段の場合にあつては債務者の負担とし、同項後段の場合にあつては差押債権者の負担とする。

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