Article 488Appropriation of One Payment or Delivery among Two or More Obligations Requiring the Same Kind of Payment or Delivery
第四百八十八条（同種の給付を目的とする数個の債務がある場合の充当）
If an obligor bears to a single obligee two or more obligations which require the same kind of payment or delivery, and the payment or delivery provided in performance of the obligations is not sufficient to extinguish all of these obligations (excluding the case prescribed in paragraph (1) of the following Article), the person that performs the obligation may, at the time of the payment or delivery, designate a particular obligation to which that performance should be appropriated before any others.
債務者が同一の債権者に対して同種の給付を目的とする数個の債務を負担する場合において、弁済として提供した給付が全ての債務を消滅させるのに足りないとき（次条第一項に規定する場合を除く。）は、弁済をする者は、給付の時に、その弁済を充当すべき債務を指定することができる。
If the person performing an obligation does not make the designation under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the person receiving the performance may, at the time of that receipt, designate a particular obligation to which the performance should be appropriated before any others; provided, however, that this does not apply if the person performing the obligation immediately raises an objection to that appropriation.
弁済をする者が前項の規定による指定をしないときは、弁済を受領する者は、その受領の時に、その弁済を充当すべき債務を指定することができる。ただし、弁済をする者がその充当に対して直ちに異議を述べたときは、この限りでない。
The designation of the appropriation of the performance under the preceding two paragraphs is effected through a manifestation of intention to the counterparty.
前二項の場合における弁済の充当の指定は、相手方に対する意思表示によってする。
Neither the person that makes the performance nor the person that accepts the performance makes designation under the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2), the performance is appropriated pursuant to the provisions of the following items:
if the obligations include those which are due and those which are not yet due, the performance is appropriated to those which are due;
債務の中に弁済期にあるものと弁済期にないものとがあるときは、弁済期にあるものに先に充当する。
if all obligations are due, or none of the obligations is due, the performance is appropriated in the order of the obligations which are to result in more benefit to the obligor when performed;
全ての債務が弁済期にあるとき、又は弁済期にないときは、債務者のために弁済の利益が多いものに先に充当する。
if all obligations would have equal benefit to the obligor when performed, the performance is appropriated in the order of the obligations which have, or should have, the earliest due date; or
債務者のために弁済の利益が相等しいときは、弁済期が先に到来したもの又は先に到来すべきものに先に充当する。
the performance of obligations which are equal in terms of the particulars stated in the preceding two items is appropriated in proportion to the amount of each obligation.
前二号に掲げる事項が相等しい債務の弁済は、各債務の額に応じて充当する。