This Act comes into effect on the date specified by Cabinet Order within a period not exceeding one year from the date of promulgation (hereinafter referred to as the "Effective Date"), provided, however, that the provisions amending Article 8, the provisions amending Article 8-2, paragraphs (1) and (2), the provisions amending Article 8-3 (limited to the part replacing "Article 8, paragraph (1), item (i)" with "Article 8, item (i)"), the provisions amending Article 24, Article 25, paragraph (1), and Article 26, paragraph (1), the provisions adding one Article after Article 43, the provisions amending Article 59, paragraph (2) (limited to the part replacing "Article 8, paragraph (1), item (i)" with "Article 8, item (i)"), the provisions amending Article 66, paragraph (4) (limited to the part replacing "Article 8, paragraph (1)" with "Article 8"), the provisions amending Article 70-13, paragraph (1) (limited to the part replacing "Article 8, paragraph (1)" with "Article 8"), the provisions adding a second sentence to Article 70-15, the provisions adding one paragraph to that Article, the provisions amending Article 84, paragraph (1), the provisions amending Article 89, paragraph (1), item (ii), the provisions amending Article 90, the provisions amending Article 91-2 (limited to the part deleting item (i) of that Article), the provisions amending Article 93, and the provisions amending Article 95 (excluding the part deleting "(excluding item (iii))" in paragraph (1), item (iii) of that Article, the part deleting ", Article 91, item (iv) or (v) (limited to the part pertaining to item (iv)), Article 91-2, item (i)" in paragraph (2), item (iii) of that Article (excluding the part pertaining to Article 91-2, item (i)), and the part replacing "the preceding paragraph" with "paragraph (2)" in Article 95, paragraph (3) and adding two paragraphs after paragraph (2) of that Article), and Articles 9, 14 and 16 through 19 and Article 20, paragraph (1) of the Supplementary Provisions; the provisions amending Articles 72-8-2 and 73-24 of the Agricultural Co-operatives Act (Act No. 132 of 1947) in Article 21 of the Supplementary Provisions; and Articles 23 and 24 of the Supplementary Provisions come into effect on the day on which one month has elapsed from the date of promulgation.

①With regard to measures necessary to eliminate an act that falls under any item of Article 2, paragraph (9) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade prior to amendment (hereinafter referred to as the "Former Antimonopoly Act") and that has already ceased before the Effective Date, the provisions then in force continue to govern.

②With regard to measures necessary to eliminate, from an act that falls under any item of Article 2, paragraph (9) of the Former Antimonopoly Act and that began before the Effective Date and ceased on or after the Effective Date, the part relating to the period before the Effective Date, the provisions then in force continue to govern.

③With regard to measures necessary to eliminate, from an act that falls under any item of Article 2, paragraph (9) of the Former Antimonopoly Act and that began before the Effective Date and continues to be carried out on or after the Effective Date, the part relating to the period before the Effective Date, the provisions then in force continue to govern.

With regard to a violation for which three years have elapsed, at the time this Act comes into effect, since the day on which the act ceased, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 7, paragraph (2) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade after amendment (hereinafter referred to as the "New Antimonopoly Act") (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 8-2, paragraph (2) and Article 20, paragraph (2) of the New Antimonopoly Act; the same applies hereinafter in this Article), the measures prescribed in Article 7, paragraph (2) of the New Antimonopoly Act cannot be ordered.

With regard to a violation prescribed in Article 7-2, paragraph (1) or (2) or Article 8-3 of the Former Antimonopoly Act for which three years have elapsed, at the time this Act comes into effect, since the day on which its period of implementation (meaning the period of implementation prescribed in Article 7-2, paragraph (1) of the Former Antimonopoly Act (including as applied mutatis mutandis following the deemed replacement of terms pursuant to Article 7-2, paragraph (2) and Article 8-3 of the Former Antimonopoly Act)) ended, payment of a surcharge cannot be ordered, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 7-2, paragraph (27) of the New Antimonopoly Act.

In the case where payment of a surcharge is ordered pursuant to these provisions for a violation prescribed in Article 7-2, paragraph (4) or Articles 20-2 through 20-6 of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade after amendment by the Act Partially Amending the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (Act No. 100 of 2013) (referred to as the "New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization" in the following Article through Article 8 of the Supplementary Provisions, Article 15 of the Supplementary Provisions, and Article 16, paragraph (2) of the Supplementary Provisions), if the violation began before the Effective Date and ceased on or after the Effective Date, payment of a surcharge cannot be ordered for the part of the violation relating to the period before the Effective Date.

①In the case where payment of a surcharge is ordered pursuant to the provisions of Article 7-2, paragraph (1) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization, if the enterprise has committed an act equivalent to an act prescribed in the items of Article 7-2, paragraph (8) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and that act had already ceased before the Effective Date, the provisions of Article 7-2, paragraphs (8) and (9) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization do not apply to the calculation of the amount of the surcharge for the violation pertaining to that act.

②In the case where payment of a surcharge is ordered pursuant to the provisions of Article 7-2, paragraph (1) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization, if the enterprise has committed an act falling under the acts prescribed in the items of Article 7-2, paragraph (8) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization (limited to the case where it was committed on or after the Effective Date), the provisions of Article 7-2, paragraphs (8) and (9) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization do not apply to the calculation of the amount of the surcharge for the part of the violation pertaining to that act relating to the period before the Effective Date.

③The provisions of Article 7-2, paragraph (24) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization do not apply to a juridical person surviving, or established as a result of the merger, in the case where an enterprise (limited to a juridical person other than a company) that committed a violation prescribed in Article 7-2, paragraph (1) or (2) of the Former Antimonopoly Act ceased to exist through a merger before the Effective Date, or to a juridical person other than a company surviving, or established as a result of the merger, in the case where an enterprise (limited to a company) that committed the violation ceased to exist through a merger before the Effective Date.

④The provisions of Article 7-2, paragraph (25) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization (including as applied mutatis mutandis following the deemed replacement of terms pursuant to Article 20-7 of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph) apply to a subsidiary company, etc. that has succeeded to specified business prescribed in Article 7-2, paragraph (25) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization in the case where, on or after the Effective Date, in a case concerning a violation prescribed in Article 7-2, paragraph (1), (2), or (4) or Articles 20-2 through 20-6 of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization, a disposition listed in Article 47, paragraph (1), item (iv) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade or a disposition prescribed in Article 102, paragraph (1) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade has been carried out (or, where such a disposition was not carried out, in the case where notification pursuant to Article 50, paragraph (1) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization as applied mutatis mutandis following the deemed replacement of terms pursuant to Article 62, paragraph (4) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization (hereinafter referred to as "advance notification") has been given for the violation).

①In the case where payment of a surcharge is ordered pursuant to the provisions of Article 7-2, paragraph (1) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization (including as applied mutatis mutandis following the deemed replacement of terms pursuant to Article 7-2, paragraph (2) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph) or Article 7-2, paragraph (4) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization, if the enterprise has, within 10 years counting back from the day on which a disposition listed in Article 47, paragraph (1), item (iv) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade or a disposition prescribed in Article 102, paragraph (1) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade was first carried out in a case concerning a violation prescribed in Article 7-2, paragraph (1), (2), or (4) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization (or, where such a disposition was not carried out, within 10 years counting back from the day on which the enterprise received advance notification of the violation), received an order pursuant to the provisions of Article 7-2, paragraph (1) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade prior to amendment by the Act Partially Amending the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (Act No. 35 of 2005) (hereinafter referred to as the "Antimonopoly Act Before the January 2006 Amendment") (limited to the case where the period prescribed in Article 48-2, paragraph (5) of the Antimonopoly Act Before the January 2006 Amendment has elapsed without a request for the commencement of trial proceedings concerning that order), or received a decision pursuant to the provisions of Article 54-2, paragraph (1) of the Antimonopoly Act Before the January 2006 Amendment (limited to the case where that decision has become final and binding), that order or decision is deemed to be an order pursuant to Article 7-2, paragraph (1) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization that has become final and binding, and Article 7-2, paragraphs (7) and (9) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization apply.

②The provisions of Article 7-2, paragraphs (7) and (9) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization also apply to the calculation of the surcharge in the case where payment of a surcharge is ordered pursuant to the provisions of Article 7-2, paragraph (4) of the New Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and the enterprise is a person who has, within 10 years counting back from the day on which a disposition listed in Article 47, paragraph (1), item (iv) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade or a disposition prescribed in Article 102, paragraph (1) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade was first carried out in a case concerning the violation (or, where such a disposition was not carried out, within 10 years counting back from the day on which the enterprise received advance notification of the violation), received an order, notification, or decision prescribed in Article 7-2, paragraph (6), item (i) of the Former Antimonopoly Act, or an order, notification, or decision prescribed in item (ii) of that paragraph.