Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade
私的独占の禁止及び公正取引の確保に関する法律
Every term this law . Its definitions bind only this law — each entry says where the definition applies and links to the sentence that settles it. 179 terms: 88 with the Ministry of Justice's English, 91 in our translation, marked as such.
事業者
Anyone who carries on a commercial, industrial, financial or other business; an officer, employee, agent or other person acting for the benefit of an enterprise is also treated as one for the purposes of Article 2, paragraph (2) and Chapter 3 (trade associations).
商業、工業、金融業その他の事業を行う者
In Chapter 12, a staff member of the Japan Fair Trade Commission whom the Commission has designated to investigate criminal cases (犯則事件).
The state in which two or more enterprises (事業者), within the normal scope of their business and without significant change to its facilities or form, supply the same or similar goods or services to the same buyers, or are supplied with them by the same suppliers, or could do so.
二以上の事業者がその通常の事業活動の範囲内において、かつ、当該事業活動の施設又は態様に重要な変更を加えることなく次に掲げる行為をし、又はすることができる状態
排除措置命令
An order the Japan Fair Trade Commission makes under Article 7, paragraph (1) or (2) (including as applied by Article 8-2, paragraph (2) and Article 20, paragraph (2)), Article 8-2, paragraph (1) or (3), Article 17-2 or Article 20, paragraph (1), requiring the measures needed to end a violation.
This Act as it stood before Act No. 100 of 2013 amended it.
事業者団体
A combination of two or more business operators (事業者), or a federation of such combinations, whose main purpose is to advance their common interests as business operators, including associations, foundations and partnerships of the kinds Article 2, paragraph (2) lists, but not one that has capital or contributions from its members and mainly carries on, and actually carries on, a business for profit.
事業者としての共通の利益を増進することを主たる目的とする二以上の事業者の結合体又はその連合体
The date Act No. 63 of 1977, the amending Act these supplementary provisions (附則) belong to, comes into effect.
役員
A board member (理事), director (取締役), executive officer (執行役), member who executes the business (業務を執行する社員), auditor (監事 or 監査役) or a person equivalent to any of these, a manager (支配人), or the person in charge of the business of a head office or branch office.
理事、取締役、執行役、業務を執行する社員、監事若しくは監査役若しくはこれらに準ずる者、支配人又は本店若しくは支店の事業の主任者
不公正な取引方法
Any of the acts Article 2, paragraph (9) lists: refusing to deal together with competitors without justifiable grounds, unjust discriminatory pricing or selling far below cost that is likely to make other enterprises' business difficult, restricting a buyer's resale prices, abusing a superior bargaining position, and other acts likely to impede fair competition of the kinds listed in item (vi) that the Japan Fair Trade Commission designates.
次の各号のいずれかに該当する行為
A record made in electronic, magnetic or any other form people cannot perceive directly, for use in computer processing.
電子的方式、磁気的方式その他人の知覚によつては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であつて、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるもの
秘密保持命令
A court order under Article 81, paragraph (1), made by ruling at a party's request in a lawsuit under Article 24 to stop or prevent an infringement, forbidding a party, etc. (当事者等), counsel or assistant in court to use a trade secret (営業秘密) that comes up in the case for any purpose other than conducting the lawsuit, or to disclose it to anyone not bound by such an order.
当事者
In Section 2 of Chapter 8, a person who has received the notice under Article 50, paragraph (1) of a hearing (意見聴取) on a cease and desist order (排除措置命令) the Japan Fair Trade Commission intends to make against it.
納付命令
An order the Japan Fair Trade Commission makes under Article 7-2, paragraph (1) (including as applied by Article 8-3), Article 7-9, paragraph (1) or (2) or Articles 20-2 to 20-6, requiring an enterprise to pay a surcharge (課徴金) to the national treasury; it is given in a written payment order stating the amount, its basis, the violation and the deadline.
競争回復措置命令
An order the Japan Fair Trade Commission makes under Article 8-4, paragraph (1) where a monopolistic situation (独占的状態) exists, requiring an enterprise to transfer part of its business or take other measures needed to restore competition.
The date Act No. 51 of 2009, the amending Act these supplementary provisions (附則) belong to, comes into effect.
An incorporation-type company split (新設分割) that a company carries out jointly with another company.
会社が他の会社と共同してする新設分割
The Japan Fair Trade Commission staff member whom the Commission designates for each case to preside over the hearing (意見聴取).
記録命令付差押え
Ordering a person who keeps electronic or magnetic records (電磁的記録), or another person with authority to use them, to record the records needed onto a recording medium or print them out, and then seizing that medium: a measure a designated Japan Fair Trade Commission staff member (委員会職員) may take under a judge's warrant when investigating a criminal case (犯則事件).
電磁的記録を保管する者その他電磁的記録を利用する権限を有する者に命じて必要な電磁的記録を記録媒体に記録させ、又は印刷させた上、当該記録媒体を差し押さえること
This Act as amended by Act No. 63 of 1977.
The Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as amended by the Act Partially Amending the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (Act No. 100 of 2013).
This Act as it stood before Act No. 35 of 2005 amended it.
This Act as amended by Act No. 100 of 2013.
独占禁止法
Short name that the supplementary provisions (附則) of amending Acts use for the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (Act No. 54 of 1947) itself.
国内売上高合計額
A company's domestic sales (国内売上高) added to those of the other companies, etc. (会社等) in its group of combined companies (企業結合集団), by the method the Rules of the Japan Fair Trade Commission (公正取引委員会規則) set.
The date Act No. 45 of 2019, the amending Act these supplementary provisions (附則) belong to, comes into effect.
An enterprise (事業者), by contract, agreement or any other means, acting together with other enterprises to fix, maintain or raise prices or to limit quantities, technology, products, facilities or business partners, so that they mutually restrict or carry on their business activities and, contrary to the public interest, substantially restrain competition in a particular field of trade.
事業者が、契約、協定その他何らの名義をもつてするかを問わず、他の事業者と共同して対価を決定し、維持し、若しくは引き上げ、又は数量、技術、製品、設備若しくは取引の相手方を制限する等相互にその事業活動を拘束し、又は遂行することにより、公共の利益に反して、一定の取引分野における競争を実質的に制限すること
違反行為
In Article 2-2 (except paragraphs (13) and (14)), any of the violations described in Article 7-2, paragraph (1) or Article 7-9, paragraph (1) or (2), the provisions on surcharges (課徴金).
In Article 7-5, an enterprise that has reported facts and submitted materials to the Japan Fair Trade Commission under Article 7-4, paragraph (2), items (i) to (iv) or paragraph (3), item (i) or (ii), and so may ask to consult on an agreement to cooperate further with the investigation in return for a reduced surcharge (課徴金).
A business operator (事業者) that is a member of a trade association (事業者団体).
事業者団体の構成員である事業者
犯則事件
In Chapter 12, a case concerning the offences in Articles 89 to 91 (among them private monopolization and unreasonable restraint of trade, prohibited international agreements, failing to obey a final cease and desist order, and shareholding in breach of Article 11), which designated Japan Fair Trade Commission staff members (委員会職員) may investigate.
第八十九条から第九十一条までの罪に係る事件
The date Act No. 100 of 2013, the amending Act these supplementary provisions (附則) belong to, comes into effect.
旧独占禁止法
This Act as it stood before Article 2 of Act No. 45 of 2019 amended it.
In Article 7-4, the day the Japan Fair Trade Commission first took the measure in Article 47, paragraph (1), item (iv) or Article 102, paragraph (1) in the case concerning the violation, or, if it took neither, the day the enterprise received the advance notification (事前通知) about the violation.
第四十七条第一項第四号に掲げる処分又は第百二条第一項に規定する処分が最初に行われた日
In Article 10, paragraphs (2) and (5), a stock company in which a company holds a majority of all shareholders' votes, or another company, etc. (会社等) whose management the company controls, as the Rules of the Japan Fair Trade Commission (公正取引委員会規則) set out.
会社がその総株主の議決権の過半数を有する株式会社その他の当該会社がその経営を支配している会社等として公正取引委員会規則で定めるもの
In Chapter 5, the day the Japan Fair Trade Commission first took one of the investigative measures in Article 47, paragraph (1), item (i), (iii) or (iv) in a case concerning a violation under Articles 20-2 to 20-5, or, if it took none, the day the enterprise received the advance notification (事前通知) about the violation.
第二十条の二から第二十条の五までに規定する違反行為のうちいずれかの違反行為に係る事件について第四十七条第一項第一号、第三号又は第四号に掲げる処分が最初に行われた日（当該処分が行われなかつたときは、当該違反行為をした事業者が当該違反行為について事前通知を受けた日）
A situation in a particular field of business where the goods of a kind (with goods closely similar in function and use) or the services supplied in Japan total more than 100 billion yen, after taxes, in a recent one-year period set by Cabinet Order (政令), one enterprise holds more than half of the field or two together hold more than three quarters, new entry is extremely difficult, and prices have for a considerable time risen sharply or barely fallen while the enterprise earns profits far above its industry's standard or spends excessively on selling and general administrative expenses.
同種の商品（当該同種の商品に係る通常の事業活動の施設又は態様に重要な変更を加えることなく供給することができる商品を含む。）（以下この項において「一定の商品」という。）並びにこれとその機能及び効用が著しく類似している他の商品で国内において供給されたもの（輸出されたものを除く。）の価額（当該商品に直接課される租税の額に相当する額を控除した額とする。）又は国内において供給された同種の役務の価額（当該役務の提供を受ける者に当該役務に関して課される租税の額に相当する額を控除した額とする。）の政令で定める最近の一年間における合計額が千億円を超える場合における当該一定の商品又は役務に係る一定の事業分野において、次に掲げる市場構造及び市場における弊害があること
In Chapter 2, a subsidiary company, etc. (子会社等) of an enterprise that committed a violation under Article 7-2, paragraph (1) or Article 7-9, paragraph (1) or (2), the provisions on surcharges (課徴金), which supplied the goods or services concerned with the violation in the field of trade concerned.
第七条の二第一項又は第七条の九第一項若しくは第二項に規定する違反行為のうちいずれかの違反行為（第十三項及び第十四項を除き、以下この条において単に「違反行為」という。）をした事業者の子会社等であつて、当該違反行為に係る一定の取引分野において当該違反行為に係る商品又は役務を供給したもの
国内売上高
The total value of goods and services a company supplied in Japan in its latest business year, as the Rules of the Japan Fair Trade Commission (公正取引委員会規則) define it.
国内において供給された商品及び役務の価額の最終事業年度における合計額として公正取引委員会規則で定めるもの
共同株式移転
A share transfer (株式移転) that a company carries out jointly with another company.
会社が他の会社と共同してする株式移転
許可状
In Chapter 12 (except Article 114-3, paragraphs (4) and (5)), a warrant a judge issues in advance under Article 102, paragraph (1) or (3), under which a designated Japan Fair Trade Commission staff member (委員会職員) may carry out an on-site inspection, search, seizure or seizure with ordering records (記録命令付差押え) in a criminal case (犯則事件).
施行日前違反行為
A violation of the kind described in Article 7-2, paragraph (1), (2) or (4), Article 8-3 or Articles 20-2 to 20-6 of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as it stood before Act No. 45 of 2019 amended it (旧独占禁止法), the provisions on surcharges (課徴金), committed before the day that Act came into effect.
この法律の施行の日（以下「施行日」という。）前に行われた旧独占禁止法第七条の二第一項、第二項若しくは第四項、第八条の三又は第二十条の二から第二十条の六までに規定する違反行為のうちいずれかの違反行為
An enterprise (事業者), alone, by combining or conspiring with other enterprises or by any other means, excluding or controlling the business activities of other enterprises and so, contrary to the public interest, substantially restraining competition in a particular field of trade.
事業者が、単独に、又は他の事業者と結合し、若しくは通謀し、その他いかなる方法をもつてするかを問わず、他の事業者の事業活動を排除し、又は支配することにより、公共の利益に反して、一定の取引分野における競争を実質的に制限すること
In Chapter 2, an enterprise's subsidiary company (another company in which a corporation holds a majority of all shareholders' or members' votes, directly or through its subsidiaries), its parent company (a company that has it as a subsidiary), or another company with the same parent company as the enterprise.
事業者の子会社（法人がその総株主（総社員を含む。以下同じ。）の議決権（株主総会において決議をすることができる事項の全部につき議決権を行使することができない株式についての議決権を除き、会社法（平成十七年法律第八十六号）第八百七十九条第三項の規定により議決権を有するものとみなされる株式についての議決権及び社債、株式等の振替に関する法律（平成十三年法律第七十五号）第百四十七条第一項又は第百四十八条第一項の規定により発行者に対抗することができない株式に係る議決権を含む。以下この項及び次項において同じ。）の過半数を有する他の会社をいう。この場合において、法人及びその一若しくは二以上の子会社又は法人の一若しくは二以上の子会社がその総株主の議決権の過半数を有する他の会社は、当該法人の子会社とみなす。以下この項において同じ。）若しくは親会社（会社を子会社とする他の会社をいう。以下この項において同じ。）又は当該事業者と親会社が同一である他の会社
In Chapter 2, an enterprise's wholly owned subsidiary company (a company all of whose shareholders' votes are held by a corporation, directly or through its wholly owned subsidiaries), its wholly owning parent company, or another company with the same wholly owning parent company as the enterprise.
事業者の完全子会社（法人がその総株主の議決権の全部を有する他の会社をいう。この場合において、法人及びその一若しくは二以上の完全子会社又は法人の一若しくは二以上の完全子会社がその総株主の議決権の全部を有する他の会社は、当該法人の完全子会社とみなす。以下この章及び第五章において同じ。）若しくは完全親会社（会社を完全子会社とする他の会社をいう。以下この項において同じ。）又は当該事業者と完全親会社が同一である他の会社
In Chapter 2, the period from the day an enterprise first carried out business activity implementing a violation under Article 7-2, paragraph (1) or Article 7-9, paragraph (1) to the day that activity ended, starting no earlier than ten years before the day the Japan Fair Trade Commission first took against it, in the case, one of the investigative measures in Article 47, paragraph (1), item (i), (iii) or (iv), Article 102, paragraph (1) or (2) or Article 103-3 (or, if it took none, the day the enterprise received the advance notification (事前通知)).
第七条の二第一項又は第七条の九第一項に規定する違反行為をした事業者に係る当該違反行為の実行としての事業活動を行つた日（当該事業者に対し当該違反行為について第四十七条第一項第一号、第三号若しくは第四号に掲げる処分、第百二条第一項若しくは第二項に規定する処分又は第百三条の三各号に掲げる処分が最初に行われた日（当該事業者に対し当該処分が行われなかつたときは、当該事業者が当該違反行為について事前通知を受けた日）の十年前の日前であるときは、同日）から当該違反行為の実行としての事業活動がなくなる日までの期間
違反行為期間
In Chapter 5, the period from the day an enterprise committed a violation under Articles 20-2 to 20-6 to the day the violation ended, starting no earlier than ten years before the day the Japan Fair Trade Commission first took against it, in the case, one of the investigative measures in Article 47, paragraph (1), item (i), (iii) or (iv) (or, if it took none, the day the enterprise received the advance notification (事前通知)).
第二十条の二から第二十条の六までに規定する違反行為のうちいずれかの違反行為をした事業者に係る当該違反行為をした日（当該事業者に対し当該違反行為について第四十七条第一項第一号、第三号又は第四号に掲げる処分が最初に行われた日（当該事業者に対し当該処分が行われなかつたときは、当該事業者が当該違反行為について事前通知（第二十条の二から第二十条の六までの規定により課徴金の納付を命ずる場合において、第六十二条第四項において読み替えて準用する第五十条第一項の規定により公正取引委員会が第二十条の二から第二十条の六までに規定する違反行為のうちいずれかの違反行為をした事業者に対してする通知をいう。次項において同じ。）を受けた日）の十年前の日前であるときは、同日）から当該違反行為がなくなる日までの期間
In Articles 48-3 to 48-5, the measures that a person notified under Article 48-2 of a suspected violation draws up itself and intends to carry out to end the act that gave rise to the suspicion.
In Articles 48-7 to 48-9, the measures that a person notified under Article 48-6 of a suspected violation draws up itself and intends to carry out to ensure that the act that gave rise to the suspicion has ended.
This Act as amended by Act No. 35 of 2005.
In the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 51 of 2009, the notice under Article 50, paragraph (1), as applied with modified wording by Article 62, paragraph (4), of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as amended by Act No. 100 of 2013 (新私的独占禁止法), given about a violation under Article 7-2, paragraph (1), (2) or (4) or Articles 20-2 to 20-6 of that text.
In Articles 8 and 9 of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 45 of 2019, a wholly owned subsidiary company as defined in Article 2-2, paragraph (3) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as amended by that Act.
新独占禁止法第二条第三項に規定する完全子会社
A group made up of a company, its subsidiary companies, its parent company that is not itself a subsidiary of another company, and that parent company's other subsidiary companies.
会社及び当該会社の子会社並びに当該会社の親会社であつて他の会社の子会社でないもの及び当該親会社の子会社（当該会社及び当該会社の子会社を除く。）から成る集団
株式発行会社
In Article 10, another company whose domestic sales (国内売上高), added to those of its subsidiary companies by the method the Rules of the Japan Fair Trade Commission (公正取引委員会規則) set, exceed an amount set by Cabinet Order (政令) of at least 5 billion yen, and whose shares a share acquiring company (株式取得会社) intends to acquire.
排除措置計画
In Articles 48-3 and 48-5, the plan for cessation measures (排除措置) that a person notified under Article 48-2 of a suspected violation draws up and submits to the Japan Fair Trade Commission within 60 days of the notice, applying for its approval.
In Articles 48-7 and 48-9, the plan for measures to ensure cessation (排除確保措置) that a person notified under Article 48-6 of a suspected violation draws up and submits to the Japan Fair Trade Commission within 60 days of the notice, applying for its approval.
取得価額
In the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 63 of 1977, the acquisition cost of shares as defined in Article 9-2, paragraph (1) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as amended by that Act.
新法第九条の二第一項に規定する取得価額
In the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 63 of 1977, a company engaged in financial business as described in Article 11, paragraph (1) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as amended by that Act, other than one engaged in insurance business.
The Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as amended by the Act Partially Amending the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (Act No. 100 of 2013).
市場占有率
In Chapter 2, the share, by volume or by value, of the goods or services supplied in a particular field of trade during a given period that one or more enterprises supply or are supplied with.
一定の取引分野において一定の期間内に供給される商品若しくは役務の数量のうち一若しくは二以上の事業者が供給し、若しくは供給を受ける当該商品若しくは役務の数量の占める割合又は一定の取引分野において一定の期間内に供給される商品若しくは役務の価額のうち一若しくは二以上の事業者が供給し、若しくは供給を受ける当該商品若しくは役務の価額の占める割合
In Chapter 2, a non-violating supplying subsidiary company, etc. (非違反供給子会社等) that is in a wholly owned relationship (完全子会社等) with the enterprise that committed the violation and supplied the goods or services concerned to others on the enterprise's instructions or on information obtained from it.
非違反供給子会社等のうち、違反行為をした事業者と完全子会社等の関係にあるものであつて、他の者に当該違反行為に係る商品又は役務を供給することについて当該事業者から指示を受け、又は情報を得た上で、当該指示又は情報に基づき当該商品又は役務を供給したもの
In Chapter 2, a subsidiary company, etc. (子会社等) of an enterprise that committed a violation under Article 7-2, paragraph (1) or Article 7-9, paragraph (1) or (2), the provisions on surcharges (課徴金), which was supplied with the goods or services concerned with the violation in the field of trade concerned.
違反行為をした事業者の子会社等であつて、当該違反行為に係る一定の取引分野において当該違反行為に係る商品又は役務の供給を受けたもの
In Chapter 2, a non-violating purchasing subsidiary company, etc. (非違反購入子会社等) that is in a wholly owned relationship (完全子会社等) with the enterprise that committed the violation and was supplied with the goods or services concerned by others on the enterprise's instructions or on information obtained from it.
非違反購入子会社等のうち、違反行為をした事業者と完全子会社等の関係にあるものであつて、他の者から当該違反行為に係る商品又は役務の供給を受けることについて当該事業者から指示を受け、又は情報を得た上で、当該指示又は情報に基づき当該商品又は役務の供給を受けたもの
In Chapter 2, the notice that the Japan Fair Trade Commission sends, under Article 50, paragraph (1) as applied with modified wording by Article 62, paragraph (4), to an enterprise (事業者) that committed a violation when it is to order that enterprise to pay a surcharge (課徴金) under Article 7-2, paragraph (1) or Article 7-9, paragraph (1) or (2).
第七条の二第一項又は第七条の九第一項若しくは第二項の規定により課徴金の納付を命ずる場合において、第六十二条第四項において読み替えて準用する第五十条第一項の規定により公正取引委員会が違反行為をした事業者に対してする通知
減算前課徴金額
In Articles 7-4 and 7-5, the surcharge (課徴金) calculated under Articles 7-2 and 7-3, before it is reduced for an enterprise that reported facts and submitted materials to the Japan Fair Trade Commission.
前二条の規定により計算した課徴金の額
営業秘密
Production methods, sales methods or other technical or business information useful for business activities that is kept under control as a secret and is not publicly known.
不正競争防止法（平成五年法律第四十七号）第二条第六項に規定する営業秘密
In Article 8 of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 63 of 1977, the smallest of the number of a domestic company's shares a financial company (金融会社) held on the day that Act came into effect, the number it held on 31 December 1976, and 10% of the domestic company's issued shares on that day, which is treated as the standard number of shares (基準株式数) for ten years from that day.
The date Act No. 35 of 2005, the amending Act these supplementary provisions (附則) belong to, comes into effect.
平成十八年一月改正前独占禁止法
The Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as it stood before the Act Partially Amending the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (Act No. 35 of 2005) amended it, as the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 51 of 2009 name it.
In Article 6 of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 100 of 2013, the notice an enterprise (事業者) receives about a violation under Article 50, paragraph (1) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as amended by that Act, as applied with modified wording by Article 62, paragraph (4) of that text.
平成十七年改正前独占禁止法
The Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as it stood before the Act Partially Amending the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (Act No. 35 of 2005) amended it, as Articles 8 and 9 of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 45 of 2019 name it.
平成二十五年改正前独占禁止法
The Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as it stood before the Act Partially Amending the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (Act No. 100 of 2013) amended it, as Article 8, paragraph (2) and Article 9 of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 45 of 2019 name it.
平成二十一年改正前独占禁止法
The Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as it stood before the 2009 Act partially amending it (Act No. 51 of 2009) amended it, as Article 8, paragraph (3) and Article 9 of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 45 of 2019 name it.
In Chapter 2, a supplying subsidiary company, etc. (供給子会社等) that itself committed the violation in the field of trade concerned with the enterprise's violation.
供給子会社等であつて、違反行為をした事業者の当該違反行為に係る一定の取引分野において当該違反行為をしたもの
In Chapter 2 (except Article 7-4), the day the Japan Fair Trade Commission first took, in the case concerning a violation, one of the investigative measures in Article 47, paragraph (1), item (i), (iii) or (iv), Article 102, paragraph (1) or (2) or Article 103-3, or, if it took none, the day the enterprise received the advance notification (事前通知) about the violation.
違反行為に係る事件について第四十七条第一項第一号、第三号若しくは第四号に掲げる処分、第百二条第一項若しくは第二項に規定する処分又は第百三条の三各号に掲げる処分が最初に行われた日（当該処分が行われなかつたときは、当該違反行為をした事業者が当該違反行為について事前通知を受けた日）
通知期間
In Article 10, the period within which the Japan Fair Trade Commission must give a share acquiring company (株式取得会社) the notice under Article 50, paragraph (1) if it intends to order measures about a notified share acquisition: the 30-day waiting period of Article 10, paragraph (8) (or that period as shortened), or, where it asked for reports, information or materials (報告等), the period up to the later of 120 days after it accepted the notification and 90 days after it received all of them.
In Article 43-2, a foreign authority that enforces foreign laws and regulations equivalent to this Act.
In Articles 54 and 56, the investigator (審査官) designated under Article 47, paragraph (2) for the case on which a hearing (意見聴取) is held, together with the other staff who worked on investigating it.
排除措置命令等
Cease and desist orders (排除措置命令), payment orders (納付命令), competition restoration orders (競争回復措置命令), the approvals under Article 48-3, paragraph (3) and Article 48-7, paragraph (3), and the decisions made under Section 2 of Chapter 8.
In the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 63 of 1977, the standard amount as defined in Article 9-2, paragraph (1) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as amended by that Act; for a stock company whose holdings exceeded it on the day that Act came into effect, a special standard amount (特例基準額) takes its place for ten years.
同項に規定する基準額
In Article 8 of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 63 of 1977, 5% of a domestic company's total issued shares: the holding a financial company (金融会社) is measured against under Article 11 of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as amended by that Act, for which a special standard number of shares (特例基準株式数) is substituted for ten years where it held more on the day that Act came into effect.
新担保附社債信託法等
In the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 102 of 1997, the 46 laws that Article 2 of those provisions lists, beginning with the law on secured bond trusts (担保附社債信託法) and including the law on securities and exchange (証券取引法), the Banking Act and the Act on Securing Compensation for Automobile Accidents, as that Act amended them.
旧担保附社債信託法等
In the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 102 of 1997, the 46 laws that Article 2 of those provisions lists, beginning with the law on secured bond trusts (担保附社債信託法) and including the law on securities and exchange (証券取引法), the Banking Act and the Act on Securing Compensation for Automobile Accidents, as they stood before that Act amended them.
新担保附社債信託法等
In the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 131 of 1998, the 49 laws that Article 2 of those provisions lists, beginning with the law on secured bond trusts (担保附社債信託法) and including the law on securities and exchange (証券取引法), the Banking Act and the Act on Securing Compensation for Automobile Accidents, as that Act amended them.
旧担保附社債信託法等
In the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 131 of 1998, the 49 laws that Article 2 of those provisions lists, beginning with the law on secured bond trusts (担保附社債信託法) and including the law on securities and exchange (証券取引法), the Banking Act and the Act on Securing Compensation for Automobile Accidents, as they stood before that Act amended them.
In Article 9 of the supplementary provisions (附則) of Act No. 45 of 2019, the investigation start date as defined in Article 18-2, paragraph (2) of the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade as amended by that Act.
新独占禁止法第十八条の二第二項に規定する調査開始日
一定の商品
In Article 2, paragraph (7), goods of the same kind, including goods that can be supplied without significant change to the facilities or form of the normal business activity for them: the goods whose total supply in Japan, together with goods closely similar in function and use, is measured to find a monopolistic situation (独占的状態).
違反行為期間
In Chapter 2, the period from the day an enterprise committed a violation under Article 7-9, paragraph (2) to the day the violation ended, starting no earlier than ten years before the day the Japan Fair Trade Commission first took against it, in the case, one of the investigative measures in Article 47, paragraph (1), item (i), (iii) or (iv), Article 102, paragraph (1) or (2) or Article 103-3 (or, if it took none, the day the enterprise received the advance notification (事前通知)).
第七条の九第二項に規定する違反行為をした事業者に係る当該違反行為をした日（当該事業者に対し当該違反行為について第四十七条第一項第一号、第三号若しくは第四号に掲げる処分、第百二条第一項若しくは第二項に規定する処分又は第百三条の三各号に掲げる処分が最初に行われた日（当該事業者に対し当該処分が行われなかつたときは、当該事業者が当該違反行為について事前通知を受けた日）の十年前の日前であるときは、同日）から当該違反行為がなくなる日までの期間
納付命令等
In Article 7-3, paragraph (1), an order under Article 7-2, paragraph (1) or Article 7-9, paragraph (1) or (2) that has become final, a notice under Article 7-4, paragraph (7) or Article 7-7, paragraph (3), or a decision under Article 63, paragraph (2).
In Article 177-3, the Prime Minister's inspection of articles (物件) belonging to a reporting person (報告者) — one who has reported facts about an administrative monetary penalty (課徴金) case — which that person agrees to under a cooperation agreement on the case.
特定割合
In Article 177-3, paragraph (1), item (ii) and paragraph (2), item (ii), and Article 185-7, paragraph (23), items (ii) and (iii), the ratio of no more than 30 percent that a cooperation agreement between the Prime Minister and a reporting person (報告者) sets for reducing the administrative monetary penalty (課徴金) before reduction.
In Article 177-3, paragraphs (2) and (4) and Article 185-7, paragraph (23), items (ii) and (iii), the rate by which an administrative monetary penalty before reduction (減算前課徴金額) is cut under an agreement with a reporting person (報告者) who undertakes to report new facts or materials after it; the Prime Minister decides it by evaluating what those reports reveal, no lower than the specified rate (特定割合) agreed and no higher than that rate plus an additional rate set in the agreement, and never above 30 percent.
特定代理人
In Article 7-5, an agent, who must be an attorney (弁護士) or a legal professional corporation (弁護士法人), whom an enterprise that made a report and submission (報告等事業者) appoints under paragraph (9) for its consultations with the Japan Fair Trade Commission on a cooperation agreement.
A subsidiary company, etc. (子会社等) that took over all or part of the business concerned with a violation under Article 7-2, paragraph (1), by transfer or company split, from a corporation that passed that whole business to its subsidiary companies, etc. and then ceased to exist other than by merger; the corporation's violation and the orders, etc. (命令等) it received are treated as that subsidiary's own.
第一種金融商品取引業
In Article 9, paragraph (4) and Article 10, paragraphs (3) and (4), Type I financial instruments business as defined in Article 28, paragraph (1) of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act.
金融商品取引法（昭和二十三年法律第二十五号）第二十八条第一項に規定する第一種金融商品取引業
In Article 10, a company, a partnership (including its foreign equivalent) or any other business entity similar to these.
会社、組合（外国における組合に相当するものを含む。以下この条において同じ。）その他これらに類似する事業体
株式取得会社
In Article 10, a company whose total domestic sales amount (国内売上高合計額) exceeds an amount set by Cabinet Order (政令) of at least 20 billion yen: the size of acquiring company that must notify the Japan Fair Trade Commission in advance of a share acquisition that takes its group's votes in a share issuing company (株式発行会社) above the thresholds Article 10, paragraph (2) sets.
In Article 10, paragraphs (2) and (5), a company that controls the management of a company, etc. (会社等), as the Rules of the Japan Fair Trade Commission (公正取引委員会規則) set out.
会社等の経営を支配している会社として公正取引委員会規則で定めるもの