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上位免許（じょういめんきょ）

For a given kind of driving license (運転免許), another kind of license, other than a provisional license (仮運転免許), that under Article 85, paragraph (2) also lets its holder drive the vehicles (免許自動車等) the first license is for.

第八十五条第二項の規定により一の種類の運転免許について同条第一項の表の区分に従い運転することができる自動車等（以下「免許自動車等」という。）を運転することがで…

電気通信（でんきつうしん）

Sending, passing on or receiving signs, sounds or images by wire, radio or other electromagnetic means, as defined in Article 2(i) of the Telecommunications Business Act.

電気通信事業法（昭和五十九年法律第八十六号）第二条第一号に規定する電気通信

関係法人（かんけいほうじん）

In Article 66-45, paragraph (1), a corporation that carries on the business of determining credit ratings (信用格付) and providing them or making them available for inspection and that is a subsidiary corporation of the credit rating agency (信用格付業者), a corporation that has the agency as its subsidiary corporation, or another subsidiary corporation of such a corporation, the agency itself excluded.

当該信用格付業者の子法人、当該信用格付業者を子法人とする法人又は当該信用格付業者を子法人とする法人の子法人（当該信用格付業者を除く。）であつて、信用格付の付与又は提供若しくは閲覧に供する行為を業として…

外部理事（がいぶりじ）

A board member of a self-regulatory organization (自主規制法人) chosen from people who are not, and have never been, a director, board member, executive officer, manager or other employee of the entrusting financial instruments exchange (委託金融商品取引所) or its subsidiary companies.

委託金融商品取引所又はその子会社（第八十七条の三第三項に規定する子会社をいう。以下この章において同じ。）の取締役、理事若しくは執行役又は支配人そ…

公開会社（こうかいがいしゃ）

A stock company whose articles of incorporation do not require the company's approval for transfers of at least some of its shares; it need not be listed on a stock exchange.

会社法第二条第五号に規定する公開会社

従属業務（じゅうぞくぎょうむ）

In Article 16-2, paragraph (1), services a Cabinet Office Order (内閣府令) specifies as dependent on the business of a bank or of a company listed in items (ii) to (x) of that paragraph.

銀行又は前項第二号から第十号までに掲げる会社の営む業務に従属する業務として内閣府令で定めるもの

報告徴収等（ほうこくちょうしゅうとう）

The investigative steps the Prime Minister can take under Article 25, paragraph (1): requiring a report, ordering books, documents or other items to be submitted, an on-site inspection, or questioning.

第二十五条第一項の規定による報告の徴収、帳簿書類その他の物件の提出の命令、立入検査又は質問

電子決定書（でんしけっていしょ）

In Article 10, paragraphs (3) and (4) and Article 11, paragraph (2), the electronic record (電磁的記録) of a court ruling issuing a protective order (秘密保持命令), or ruling on a petition to revoke one, made under Article 252, paragraph (1) of the Code of Civil Procedure as applied by Article 122 of that Code and recorded in a file on the court's computer under Article 253, paragraph (2) as so applied.

民事訴訟法第百二十二条において準用する同法第二百五十二条第一項の規定により作成された電磁的記録（同法第百二十二条において準用する同法第二百五十三条第二項の規定により裁判所の使用に係る電子計算機（入出力装置を含む。）に備えられたファイルに記録された…

財産目録等（ざいさんもくろくとう）

The inventory of property and balance sheet, as of the day the company entered liquidation, that its liquidators must draw up after investigating the state of its assets.

同項に規定する財産目録等

対象役員等（たいしょうやくいんとう）

The incorporators, directors and company auditors at incorporation, officers, etc. and liquidators of a stock company in special liquidation, whose assets the court may freeze and whose liability for damages it may assess.

第五百四十二条第一項に規定する対象役員等

決議執行者（けつぎしっこうしゃ）

A person, other than the representative bondholder, designated by a resolution of a bondholders meeting to carry out that meeting's resolutions.

第七百三十七条第二項に規定する決議執行者

財務諸表等（ざいむしょひょうとう）

The inventory of property, balance sheet, profit and loss or income and expenditure statement, and business report that a registered investigation body for electronic public notices must prepare each business year and keep at its office for five years (Article 951, paragraph (1)).

同項に規定する財務諸表等

特別永住者（とくべつえいじゅうしゃ）

A special permanent resident: a person who lost Japanese nationality under the Treaty of Peace with Japan, or a descendant of such a person, who may live permanently in Japan under the Special Act on the Immigration Control of, inter alia, those who have lost Japanese Nationality pursuant to the Treaty of Peace with Japan (特例法).

日本国との平和条約に基づき日本の国籍を離脱した者等の出入国管理に関する特例法（平成三年法律第七十一号。以下この章において「入管特例法」という。）に定める特別永住者

労働者派遣（ろうどうしゃはけん）

Worker dispatch as defined in Article 2, item (i) of the Act on Ensuring the Proper Operation of Worker Dispatching Services and Protecting Dispatched Workers (Act No. 88 of 1985): having workers one employs work under another person's direction and orders, and for that person, while they stay in one's own employment, not counting an arrangement made with that other person for it to employ the workers.

同条第一号に規定する労働者派遣

苦情の申出（くじょうのもうしで）

In Article 55-80, paragraph (2) and Article 55-81, a complaint a detainee (被収容者) makes about measures taken against them or other treatment they received, whether in writing to the Minister of Justice under Article 55-77, paragraph (1), or orally or in writing to an auditor (監査官) under Article 55-78, paragraph (1) or to the director of the immigration detention center, etc. (入国者収容所長等) under Article 55-79, paragraph (1).

第五十五条の七十七第一項、第五十五条の七十八第一項又は前条第一項の苦情の申出

決議執行者（けつぎしっこうしゃ）

In Articles 78, 81(1) and 91, a person whom a meeting of the holders of a social medical corporation's bonds (社会医療法人債) designates by resolution, under Article 737 of the Companies Act as Article 54-7 applies it, to carry out its resolutions in place of the person who would otherwise do so, such as the bond manager or a representative bondholder.

第五十四条の七において準用する同法第七百三十七条第二項に規定する決議執行者

特例申告者（とくれいしんこくしゃ）

In Article 74-4, paragraph (1), a special filer as referred to in Article 30-6, paragraph (2) of the Liquor Tax Act: a person who, for liquor they take out of a bonded area (保税地域), makes a special return (特例申告) under Article 7-2 of the Customs Act, the return an importer approved in advance by a Director-General of Customs (税関長), or one who has entrusted the customs procedures to a certified customs broker, files by the end of the month after the month of import permission.

同法第三十条の六第二項（納期限の延長）に規定する特例申告者

換価代金等（かんかだいきんとう）

In Article 15-2-3, paragraph 3 and Article 19-4, item 4, the proceeds of realization, etc. (換価代金等) as defined in Article 129, paragraph 1 of the National Tax Collection Act.

同法第百二十九条第一項に規定する換価代金等

金融機関等（きんゆうきかんとう）

The bodies listed in Article 2, paragraph 1 of the Deposit Insurance Act and the agricultural and fishery cooperatives (農水産業協同組合) defined in Article 2, paragraph 1 of the Agricultural and Fishery Cooperatives Savings Insurance Act, which must keep their depositors' information searchable by Individual Number (個人番号) or corporate number (法人番号).

預金保険法（昭和四十六年法律第三十四号）第二条第一項各号に掲げる者及び農水産業協同組合貯金保険法（昭和四十八年法律第五十三号）第二条第一項に規定する農水産業協同組合

協同組合等（きょうどうくみあいとう）

A cooperative, etc. as defined in Article 2, item 7 of the Corporation Tax Act: a corporation listed in Appended Table 3 (別表第三) of that Act, such as fishery cooperatives (漁業協同組合), consumer cooperatives (消費生活協同組合), shinkin banks (信用金庫) and forest owners' cooperatives (森林組合).

法人税法第二条第七号に規定する協同組合等