Article 32Special Provisions on Procedural Acts by Persons under Curatorship, Persons Under Assistantship, and Legal Representatives
第三十二条（被保佐人、被補助人及び法定代理人の訴訟行為の特則）
A person under curatorship, a person under assistantship (limited to a person that is required to obtain consent from the assistant to perform procedural acts; the same applies in the following paragraph and Article 40, paragraph (4)), or a guardian or other such legal representative is not required to obtain consent or a delegation of powers from the curator or curatorship supervisor, assistant or assistantship supervisor, or guardianship supervisor in order to perform a procedural act with regard to an action or appeal filed by an adverse party.
A person under curatorship, a person under assistantship, or a guardian or other such legal representative must have a special delegation of powers in order to perform any of the following procedural acts:
被保佐人、被補助人又は後見人その他の法定代理人が次に掲げる訴訟行為をするには、特別の授権がなければならない。
withdrawing an action, entering into a settlement, waiving or acknowledging a claim, or withdrawing from litigation pursuant to the provisions of Article 48 (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 50, paragraph (3) and Article 51);
withdrawing an appeal to the court of second instance, a final appeal, or a petition as referred to in Article 318, paragraph (1);
控訴、上告又は第三百十八条第一項の申立ての取下げ
withdrawing an objection under the provisions of Article 360 (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 367, paragraph (2), Article 378, paragraph (2) and Article 381-7, paragraph (2)) or consenting to such a withdrawal.
第三百六十条（第三百六十七条第二項、第三百七十八条第二項及び第三百八十一条の七第二項において準用する場合を含む。）の規定による異議の取下げ又はその取下げについての同意
Read this with the articles around it
(Petitioning the Supreme Court to Accept a Final Appeal)
If the Supreme Court is the court with which the final appeal should be filed, it may rule, upon petition, to accept as the final appellate court, a case in which a prior instance judgment reflects a…
上告をすべき裁判所が最高裁判所である場合には、最高裁判所は、原判決に最高裁判所の判例（これがない場合にあっては、大審院又は上告裁判所若しくは控訴裁判所である高等裁判所の判例）と相反する判断がある事件その他の法令の解釈に関する重要な事項を含むものと認められる事件について、申立てにより、決定で…
Open this provision(Special Provisions on Procedural Acts by Persons under Curatorship, Persons Under Assistantship, and Legal Representatives)
A person under curatorship, a person under assistantship, or a guardian or other such legal representative must have a special delegation of powers in order to perform any of the following procedural…
被保佐人、被補助人又は後見人その他の法定代理人が次に掲げる訴訟行為をするには、特別の授権がなければならない。
Open this provision(Withdrawal of an Objection)
An objection may be withdrawn until that time as the court of first instance reaches a final judgment through ordinary proceedings.
異議は、通常の手続による第一審の終局判決があるまで、取り下げることができる。
Open this provision(Action on Checks)
The provisions of Article 350, paragraph (2) and Article 351 through the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to an action on checks.
第三百五十条第二項及び第三百五十一条から前条までの規定は、小切手訴訟に関して準用する。
Open this provision(Objections)
The provisions of Articles 358 through 360 apply mutatis mutandis to the objection referred to in the preceding paragraph.
第三百五十八条から第三百六十条までの規定は、前項の異議について準用する。
Open this provision(Objection)
The provisions of Article 358 through Article 360 as well as Article 364 apply mutatis mutandis to the objection under the preceding paragraph.
第三百五十八条から第三百六十条まで及び第三百六十四条の規定は、前項の異議について準用する。
Open this provision(Mandatory Joint Litigation)
The provisions of Article 32, paragraph (1) apply mutatis mutandis, in the case prescribed in paragraph (1), to procedural acts that a co-litigant who is a person under curatorship or person under…
第三十二条第一項の規定は、第一項に規定する場合において、共同訴訟人の一人が提起した上訴について他の共同訴訟人である被保佐人若しくは被補助人又は他の共同訴訟人の後見人その他の法定代理人のすべき訴訟行為について準用する。
Open this provision(Original Party's Withdrawal from Litigation)
If a person has intervened in litigation pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article in order to assert that person's own right…
前条第一項の規定により自己の権利を主張するため訴訟に参加した者がある場合には、参加前の原告又は被告は、相手方の承諾を得て訴訟から脱退することができる。この場合において、判決は、脱退した当事者に対してもその効力を有する。
Open this provision(Assumption of Litigation by the Successor of an Obligation)
The provisions of Article 41, paragraphs (1) and (3) and the preceding two Articles apply mutatis mutandis if a ruling is issued to have a third party assume litigation pursuant to the provisions of…
第四十一条第一項及び第三項並びに前二条の規定は、第一項の規定により訴訟を引き受けさせる決定があった場合について準用する。
Open this provision(Intervention by the Successor of an Obligation and Assumption of Litigation by the Transferee of a Right)
The provisions of Articles 47 through 49 apply mutatis mutandis to intervention by a third party that asserts that, while the litigation has been pending…
第四十七条から第四十九条までの規定は訴訟の係属中その訴訟の目的である義務の全部又は一部を承継したことを主張する第三者の訴訟参加について、前条の規定は訴訟の係属中第三者がその訴訟の目的である権利の全部又は一部を譲り受けた場合について準用する。
Open this provisionfinal appeal
上告
The appeal against a judgment of second instance, and against a high court's judgment at first instance: it goes to the Supreme Court (最高裁判所) against a final judgment a high court (高等裁判所) gives at second or first instance, and to a high court against one a district court (地方裁判所) gives at second instance (Code of Civil Procedure, Article 311, paragraph (1)); where, after the final judgment, both parties agreed not to appeal to the court of second instance (控訴) while keeping the right to a final appeal, it goes straight to the Supreme Court against a district court's judgment and to a high court against a summary court's (Article 311, paragraph (2), and Article 281, paragraph (1)). Its grounds are limited: an error in interpreting the Constitution or another breach of it (Article 312, paragraph (1)); one of the flaws the Code lists, such as a court not formed as the law requires, a judge barred by law taking part in the judgment, a lack of a legal representative's (法定代理人) or litigation representative's (訴訟代理人) authority, a breach of the rules that oral argument (口頭弁論) be public, or a judgment that gives no reasons or contradictory ones (paragraph (2)); and, in a final appeal to a high court, also a breach of law or regulation that clearly affected the judgment (paragraph (3)). Where the Supreme Court is the court to appeal to, a party may petition it to accept the case as a final appeal (上告受理の申立て), which it may do where the judgment conflicts with its precedents or the case otherwise involves an important point in interpreting laws and regulations; the grounds of Article 312, paragraphs (1) and (2), cannot be raised that way, and once the case is accepted a final appeal is deemed filed (Article 318, paragraphs (1), (2) and (4)). A final appeal is filed by submitting a petition for final appeal (上告状) to the court whose judgment is appealed (Article 314, paragraph (1)), within the same two weeks from service (送達) of the judgment as an appeal to the court of second instance (Articles 285 and 313), and if the petition states no grounds, a statement of them must follow within the period the Supreme Court's rules (最高裁判所規則) set (Article 315, paragraph (1)). The final appellate court is bound by the facts the judgment below lawfully found (Article 321, paragraph (1)); it may dismiss the appeal without oral argument where the papers show it has no grounds (Article 319), and where a ground is made out it quashes the judgment and sends the case back to the court below or to another court of the same rank, or in some cases decides it itself (Articles 325, paragraph (1), and 326); the Supreme Court may also quash a judgment for a breach of law or regulation that clearly affected it, even where none of those grounds is made out (Article 325, paragraph (2)). A judgment a high court gives on a final appeal can be appealed again to the Supreme Court only on the ground that it breaches the Constitution (Article 327, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Code of Civil Procedure, Arts. 281, 285, 311 to 315, 318, 319, 321, 325 to 327 as a reference.
appeal to the court of second instance
控訴
An appeal against a final judgment that a district court (地方裁判所) gave at first instance, or against a summary court's (簡易裁判所) final judgment (Code of Civil Procedure, Article 281, paragraph (1)): a high court (高等裁判所) hears one against a district court's or a family court's (家庭裁判所) judgment, and a district court one against a summary court's judgment in a civil case (Courts Act, Article 16, item (i), and Article 24, item (iii)). None lies where, after the judgment, both parties agreed not to appeal while keeping the right to a final appeal (上告) (Code of Civil Procedure, Article 281, paragraph (1)), and the right to appeal may be waived (Article 284). It must be filed within two weeks of the day the party is served (送達) with the electronic judgment (電子判決書), or with the electronic record (電子調書) the judgment was recorded in instead, though one filed earlier is still valid (Article 285) — an inalterable period (不変期間), which the court cannot extend or shorten, though it may add time for a party who lives far away (Article 96, paragraphs (1) and (2)) — by submitting a petition for appeal (控訴状) to the court of first instance (Article 286, paragraph (1)), and until that period has run out the judgment does not become final and binding (Article 116, paragraph (1)). The court of second instance hears oral argument (口頭弁論) only within the limits of the change to the first judgment that the parties ask for (Article 296, paragraph (1)), and what was done at first instance keeps its effect there (Article 298, paragraph (1)); it dismisses the appeal if it finds the first judgment proper, and sets the judgment aside if it finds it improper, only as far as the appeal reaches (Articles 302, paragraph (1), 304 and 305). The appeal may be withdrawn until the court of second instance gives its final judgment (Article 292, paragraph (1)); the party appealed against (被控訴人) may file an incidental appeal (附帯控訴) until oral argument concludes, even after its own right to appeal has ended (Article 293, paragraph (1)); and where the court dismisses an appeal filed only to delay the case, it may order the party who appealed (控訴人) to pay up to ten times the fee for filing it (Article 303, paragraph (1)). No appeal to the court of second instance lies against the judgment in a small claims action (少額訴訟) (Article 377).
Written by AI using Code of Civil Procedure, Arts. 96, 116, 281, 284 to 286, 292, 293, 296, 298, 302 to 305, 377 and Courts Act, Arts. 16, 24 as a reference.