A person that puts an automobile into operational use for that person's own benefit is liable to compensate for damage arising from the operation of the automobile if this results in the death or bodily injury of another person; provided, however, that this does not apply if the person and the driver prove that they have exercised due care in connection with the operation of the automobile, that the injured party or a third party other than the driver has acted intentionally or negligently, and that there was no defect in automotive structure or function.

Other than as governed by the preceding Article, the liability to compensate for damage to be borne by a person putting an automobile into operational use for that person's own benefit is governed by the Civil Code (Act No. 89 of 1896).