Whenever any person believes there to be a fact in violation of the provisions of this Act, the person may report the fact to the Japan Fair Trade Commission and ask for appropriate measures to be taken.
何人も、この法律の規定に違反する事実があると思料するときは、公正取引委員会に対し、その事実を報告し、適当な措置をとるべきことを求めることができる。
When the Japan Fair Trade Commission receives a report as provided in the preceding paragraph, it must make the necessary investigations into the case.
前項に規定する報告があつたときは、公正取引委員会は、事件について必要な調査をしなければならない。
If a report made pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) includes a written allegation with regard to a specific fact pursuant to the provisions of the Rules of the Japan Fair Trade Commission, when the Japan Fair Trade Commission decides to take appropriate measures or to take no measures with respect to the case connected with the report, the Japan Fair Trade Commission must promptly notify the person who made the report to that effect.
第一項の規定による報告が、公正取引委員会規則で定めるところにより、書面で具体的な事実を摘示してされた場合において、当該報告に係る事件について、適当な措置をとり、又は措置をとらないこととしたときは、公正取引委員会は、速やかに、その旨を当該報告をした者に通知しなければならない。
When the Japan Fair Trade Commission believes there to be a fact in violation of the provisions of this Act or a fact falling under the purview of a monopolistic situation, the Japan Fair Trade Commission may take appropriate measures on its own authority.
公正取引委員会は、この法律の規定に違反する事実又は独占的状態に該当する事実があると思料するときは、職権をもつて適当な措置をとることができる。
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monopolistic situation
「独占的状態」
A situation in a particular field of business where the goods of a kind (with goods closely similar in function and use) or the services supplied in Japan total more than 100 billion yen, after taxes, in a recent one-year period set by Cabinet Order (政令), one enterprise holds more than half of the field or two together hold more than three quarters, new entry is extremely difficult, and prices have for a considerable time risen sharply or barely fallen while the enterprise earns profits far above its industry's standard or spends excessively on selling and general administrative expenses.
Defined inArticle 2, paragraph (7)· applies throughout the law
Fair Trade Commission
公正取引委員会
The body the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (独占禁止法, the Antimonopoly Act) sets up to achieve that Act's purpose — among other things, to promote fair and free competition by banning private monopolization, unreasonable restraint of trade and unfair trade practices, and so to protect the interests of general consumers and the democratic and sound development of the national economy (Antimonopoly Act, Articles 1 and 27, paragraph (1)). It comes under the Prime Minister's jurisdiction, but its chairperson and four commissioners — appointed by the Prime Minister with the consent of both Houses of the Diet — exercise their authority independently (Articles 27, paragraph (2), 28 and 29). Under the Act against Unjustifiable Premiums and Misleading Representations, businesses and trade associations may, with the approval of both the Prime Minister and the Fair Trade Commission, conclude or set agreements or rules (協定又は規約) on premiums or representations (Article 36, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Antimonopoly Act, Arts. 1, 27, 28, 29 and Act against Unjustifiable Premiums and Misleading Representations, Art. 36 as a reference.