Labor Standards Act
労働基準法
Every term this law . Its definitions bind only this law — each entry says where the definition applies and links to the sentence that settles it. 52 terms: 22 with the Ministry of Justice's English, 30 in our translation, marked as such.
労働者
A person employed at a business or office and paid wages, whatever the kind of job.
職業の種類を問わず、事業又は事務所（以下「事業」という。）に使用される者で、賃金を支払われる者
使用者
The business owner, its managers, and anyone else acting for the owner in matters concerning its workers.
事業主又は事業の経営担当者その他その事業の労働者に関する事項について、事業主のために行為をするすべての者
事業
A business or office at which people are employed; the unit to which the Labor Standards Act applies.
労働時間
The statutory working-hour limits of Articles 32 to 32-5 and 40 of the Labor Standards Act, as referred to within Article 36.
賃金
Everything an employer pays a worker in return for work, whatever it is called: wages, salary, allowances or bonuses.
賃金、給料、手当、賞与その他名称の如何を問わず、労働の対償として使用者が労働者に支払うすべてのもの
休日
The weekly rest days required by Article 35 of the Labor Standards Act, as referred to within Article 36.
Act No. 64 of 1969 itself, the amending law these supplementary provisions belong to, which comes into effect on 1 October 1969.
This Act as amended by Act No. 99 of 1987.
This Act as amended by Act No. 112 of 1998.
This Act as amended by Act No. 89 of 2008.
This Act as amended by Act No. 13 of 2020.
対象業務
The work the employer assigns workers to under Article 38-3, chosen from the kinds an Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (厚生労働省令) lists as work whose method must by its nature be left largely to the worker's own judgement, so that the employer can hardly give specific instructions on how it is done or how time is spent on it.
対象業務
Under Article 38-4, planning, drafting, research and analysis work on the running of the business which, to be done properly, must be left largely to the worker's own judgement, so that the employer gives no specific instructions on how it is done or how time is spent on it.
対象業務
The work the employer assigns workers to under Article 41-2, chosen from the kinds an Ordinance of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (厚生労働省令) lists as needing highly specialised knowledge and as work in which the hours put in are usually not closely tied to the results achieved.
A resolution adopted by a four-fifths majority of the labor-management committee under Labor Standards Act Article 38-4, paragraph (1).
平均賃金
Wages paid in the three months before the triggering event divided by the calendar days in that period, used to compute statutory payments.
これを算定すべき事由の発生した日以前三箇月間にその労働者に対し支払われた賃金の総額を、その期間の総日数で除した金額
This Act as amended by Act No. 79 of 1993.
対象労働者
A worker within the range of workers that a workplace committee of employer and worker representatives sets by resolution under Article 41-2, paragraph (1): once such a worker has consented and is put on the covered work, the rules in this chapter on working hours, breaks, days off and late-night premium pay may cease to apply to them.
This Act as it stood before Act No. 99 of 1987 amended it.
This Act as it stood before Act No. 112 of 1998 amended it.
Each of the one-year blocks into which a worker's continuous employment is divided, counted from the six-month mark in Article 39, paragraph (2), with any final block shorter than a year counting as one, as used in the supplementary provisions of the Act No. 71 of 2018 on work style reform.
最後に一年未満の期間を生じたときは、当該期間
The bureau inside the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare that is responsible for working conditions and the protection of workers.
厚生労働省の内部部局として置かれる局で労働条件及び労働者の保護に関する事務を所掌するもの
The date Act No. 79 of 1993, the amending Act these supplementary provisions (附則) belong to, comes into effect.
This Act as amended by Article 1 of Act No. 71 of 2018.
The date Act No. 13 of 2020, the amending Act these supplementary provisions (附則) belong to, comes into effect.
六箇月経過日
The day a worker's continuous employment passes six months from hiring, from which additional annual paid leave is counted.
基準日
The first day of each one-year period into which a worker's continuous service is divided, counting from the day six months after hiring (the last period may be shorter than a year); five days of the worker's paid leave (有給休暇) must be given within one year of it.
継続勤務した期間を六箇月経過日から一年ごとに区分した各期間（最後に一年未満の期間を生じたときは、当該期間）の初日
A pregnant woman, or a woman less than one year after giving birth.
基準日
In the supplementary provisions of Act No. 99 of 1987, the day after the end of the period of continuous service set in Article 39, paragraph (1) as amended by that Act, which decides until when a worker's paid leave (有給休暇) still follows the old rules.
新法第三十九条第一項に定める継続勤務の期間の終了する日の翌日
基準日
In the supplementary provisions of Act No. 112 of 1998, the first day of each one-year period into which a worker's continuous service is divided, counting from the day six months after hiring as Article 39, paragraph (2) as amended by that Act defines it (the last period may be shorter than a year).
継続勤務した期間を新法第三十九条第二項に規定する六箇月経過日から一年ごとに区分した各期間（最後に一年未満の期間を生じたときは、当該期間）の初日
基準日
In the supplementary provisions of Act No. 71 of 2018, the first day of each one-year period into which a worker's continuous service is divided, counting from the day six months after hiring as Article 39, paragraph (2) of the Labor Standards Act defines it, or, where the employer chose to give the paid leave (有給休暇) from an earlier day, that earlier day.
継続勤務した期間を労働基準法第三十九条第二項に規定する六箇月経過日から一年ごとに区分した各期間（最後に一年未満の期間を生じたときは、当該期間をいう。以下この条において同じ。）の初日をいい、同法第三十九条第一項から第三項までの規定による有給休暇を当該有給休暇に係る当該各期間の初日より前の日から与えることとした場合はその日
The head of the bureau in the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare that administers labor standards.
The head of the bureau inside the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare that is responsible for labor issues that arise from the particular circumstances of women workers.
厚生労働省の内部部局として置かれる局で女性労働者の特性に係る労働問題に関する事務を所掌するものの局長
臨時の賃金等
Wages paid on an ad hoc basis, bonuses, and other similar wages that an Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (厚生労働省令) specifies, which do not have to be paid at least once a month on a fixed date as other wages do.
A petition, request for examination, objection or other administrative appeal filed under the old appeal system.
This Act as it stood before Act No. 79 of 1993 amended it.
専門的知識等
Specialized knowledge, skills or experience: a worker whose expertise is at a high level meeting standards set by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare, and whose work needs it, may sign a fixed-term labor contract of up to five years instead of three, and the same term is used for the covered work in Article 41-2, paragraph (1), item (1).
最初の期間
The first sub-period, containing the start date, when an averaging period is divided into sub-periods of one month or more.
The number of days a week that an Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (厚生労働省令) sets as the working days of a worker with a standard employment status, against which Article 39, paragraph (3) scales the paid leave (有給休暇) of a worker who is scheduled to work considerably fewer days.
A ruling, decision or other disposition on an administrative appeal.
読替え後の新労働基準法第三十二条第一項
The amended Act's weekly working-hour limit as temporarily modified by its Article 131(1) for certain businesses.
In the supplementary provisions of Act No. 87 of 1999, work of the State, of another local government or of another public body that an organ of a local government managed or carried out under an Act (法律) or a Cabinet Order (政令) before that Act comes into effect, which the local government then handles as its own affairs.
The government agency ranking above the one that made a decision, which hears administrative appeals against that decision.
特定労働者
A worker raising a child or caring for family, as ministerially specified, whose overtime may be kept shorter on request.
Cabinet Orders (政令) under the National Government Organization Act, or under the related Acts as amended by the 1983 amending law (Act No. 78 of 1983), by which certain government bodies are to be set up.
A settlement or averaging period of a flexible working-hours arrangement set under the Labor Standards Act before amendment.
A settlement or averaging period of a flexible working-hours arrangement set under the Labor Standards Act as amended.
処分等の行為
A permission or other administrative act made under the laws as they stood before the amendment these supplementary provisions deal with.
申請等の行為
An application for permission or other act still pending under the pre-amendment laws when the amendment took effect.
The administrative agency that issued the decision being appealed.
Each of the laws as amended by the amending Act these supplementary provisions belong to.
民法等改正法
Short name for the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 45 of 2026).