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Section 1 General Provisions (Articles 28 to 35)
The law as Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts to Promote the Use of Information and Communications Technology in Civil Procedures, etc. (Act No. 53 of 2023) leaves it, with the words it changes marked.
The main text is read a page at a time: a chapter to a page, and a long chapter in runs of articles. The whole main text, and the supplementary provisions and appended tables this amendment changes. Those it leaves untouched are on the page for the text in force.
An additional attestation of enforceability may be granted, but only if multiple authenticated copies of a title of obligation bearing an attestation of enforceability are required to receive full performance of a claim or if the authenticated copy bearing the attestation has been lost.
執行文は、債権の完全な弁済を得るため執行文の付された債務名義の正本が数通必要であるとき、又はこれが滅失したときに限り、更に付与することができる。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply mutatis mutandis if an additional authenticated copy or certificate of recorded information is issued of a final and binding judgment in a small claims action, or of a judgment in a small claims action or demand for payment bearing a declaration of provisional enforcement.
前項の規定は、少額訴訟における確定判決又は仮執行の宣言を付した少額訴訟の判決若しくは支払督促の正本又は記録事項証明書を更に交付する場合について準用する。
Judicial enforcement may begin only if an authenticated copy or transcript of a title of obligation or of a judicial decision that becomes a title of obligation once it is final and binding or an electronic or magnetic record related to that title of obligation or judicial decision has been served upon the obligor in advance or at the same time. If an attestation of enforceability has been granted pursuant to the provisions of Article 27, transcripts of the attestation of enforceability or electronic or magnetic records related to the attestation of enforceability and transcript of the document produced by the obligee pursuant to the provisions of that Article or an electronic or magnetic record by recording all matters recorded in the electronic or magnetic record produced by the obligee pursuant to the provisions of that Article must also have been served in advance or at the same time.
強制執行は、債務名義若しくは確定により債務名義となるべき裁判の正本若しくは謄本又はその債務名義若しくは裁判に係る電磁的記録が、あらかじめ、又は同時に、債務者に送達されたときに限り、開始することができる。第二十七条の規定により執行文が付与された場合においては、執行文の謄本又は執行文に係る電磁的記録及び同条の規定により債権者が提出した文書の謄本又は電磁的記録に記録されている事項の全部を記録した電磁的記録も、あらかじめ、又は同時に、送達されなければならない。
If a claim involves the arrival of a fixed due date, judicial enforcement may begin only after the arrival of that due date.
請求が確定期限の到来に係る場合においては、強制執行は、その期限の到来後に限り、開始することができる。
Judicial enforcement based on a title of obligation that establishes provision of security as a condition for implementing judicial enforcement may begin only once the obligee produces a document or electronic or magnetic record proving that the obligee has provided security.
担保を立てることを強制執行の実施の条件とする債務名義による強制執行は、債権者が担保を立てたことを証する文書又は電磁的記録を提出したときに限り、開始することができる。
If an obligor's performance is due in exchange for counter-performance, judicial enforcement may begin only once the obligee proves that counter-performance has been made or tendered.
債務者の給付が反対給付と引換えにすべきものである場合においては、強制執行は、債権者が反対給付又はその提供のあつたことを証明したときに限り、開始することができる。
If an obligor's performance is due in lieu of some other performance in a case in which the purpose of judicial enforcement cannot be achieved for that other performance, judicial enforcement may begin only once the obligee proves that the purpose of judicial enforcement could not be achieved for that other performance.
債務者の給付が、他の給付について強制執行の目的を達することができない場合に、他の給付に代えてすべきものであるときは、強制執行は、債権者が他の給付について強制執行の目的を達することができなかつたことを証明したときに限り、開始することができる。
An opposition may be filed to a measure connected with a petition to grant an attestation of enforceability; for measures by a court clerk, a person may file an opposition with the court to which the court clerk belongs, and for measures by a notary, a person may file an opposition with the district court having jurisdiction in the locality of the notary's office.
執行文の付与の申立てに関する処分に対しては、裁判所書記官の処分にあつてはその裁判所書記官の所属する裁判所に、公証人の処分にあつてはその公証人の役場の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所に異議を申し立てることができる。
If an opposition has been filed to the granting of an attestation of enforceability, the court may order a stay of enforcement until a judicial decision on the opposition is made, while either requiring or not requiring security to be provided, or may issue an order for enforcement to continue until a judicial decision on the opposition is made, with requiring security to be provided. If there are pressing circumstances, the presiding judge may also order these measures.
執行文の付与に対し、異議の申立てがあつたときは、裁判所は、異議についての裁判をするまでの間、担保を立てさせ、若しくは立てさせないで強制執行の停止を命じ、又は担保を立てさせてその続行を命ずることができる。急迫の事情があるときは、裁判長も、これらの処分を命ずることができる。
The court may render a judicial decision on a petition under paragraph (1) or a judicial decision under the preceding paragraph without hearing oral arguments.
第一項の規定による申立てについての裁判及び前項の規定による裁判は、口頭弁論を経ないですることができる。
A judicial decision as provided in the preceding paragraph may not be appealed.
前項に規定する裁判に対しては、不服を申し立てることができない。
The provisions of the preceding paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis to the issuance of an authenticated copy or certificate of recorded information of a final and binding judgment in a small claims action or of a judgment in a small claims action or demand for payment bearing a declaration of provisional enforcement under Article 28, paragraph (2).
前各項の規定は、第二十八条第二項の規定による少額訴訟における確定判決又は仮執行の宣言を付した少額訴訟の判決若しくは支払督促の正本又は記録事項証明書の交付について準用する。
If an obligee is unable to produce the document or electronic or magnetic record prescribed in Article 27, paragraph (1) or (2), the obligee may file an action seeking an attestation of enforceability to ask for an attestation of enforceability to be granted (excluding one that is granted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (3) of that Article).
第二十七条第一項又は第二項に規定する文書又は電磁的記録の提出をすることができないときは、債権者は、執行文（同条第三項の規定により付与されるものを除く。）の付与を求めるために、執行文付与の訴えを提起することができる。
The court provided in the following relevant items has jurisdiction over an action as stated in the preceding paragraph for the category of title of obligation stated in that item:
前項の訴えは、次の各号に掲げる債務名義の区分に応じ、それぞれ当該各号に定める裁判所が管轄する。
a title of obligation as stated in Article 22, items (i) through (iii) or items (vi) through (vi)-5, or a title of obligation as stated in item (vii) of that Article other than one as stated in the following item, item (i)-3, or item (vi):the court of first instance;
第二十二条第一号から第三号まで又は第六号から第六号の五までに掲げる債務名義並びに同条第七号に掲げる債務名義のうち次号、第一号の三及び第六号に掲げるもの以外のもの 第一審裁判所
a title of obligation as stated in Article 22, item (iii)-2, or a title of obligation as stated in item (vii) of that Article that relates to an order for damages or to a settlement or acknowledgment of a claim in the proceedings of a case involving an order for damages:the district court before which the order for damages is pending;
第二十二条第三号の二に掲げる債務名義並びに同条第七号に掲げる債務名義のうち損害賠償命令並びに損害賠償命令事件に関する手続における和解及び請求の認諾に係るもの 損害賠償命令事件が係属していた地方裁判所
a title of obligation as stated in Article 22, item (iii)-3 or a title of obligation as stated in item (vii) of that Article that relates to an order to pay a filed claim, or to approval or denial of a filed claim or a settlement in simple determination proceedings:the district court before which the simple determination proceedings were pending;
第二十二条第三号の三に掲げる債務名義並びに同条第七号に掲げる債務名義のうち届出債権支払命令並びに簡易確定手続における届出債権の認否及び和解に係るもの 簡易確定手続が係属していた地方裁判所
a title of obligation as stated in Article 22, item (iv), other than one as stated in the following item:the summary court to which the court clerk who has issued the demand for payment bearing a declaration of provisional enforcement belongs (or, if the claim connected with that demand is not under the jurisdiction of the summary court, the district court having jurisdiction in the locality of the summary court);
第二十二条第四号に掲げる債務名義のうち次号に掲げるもの以外のもの 仮執行の宣言を付した支払督促を発した裁判所書記官の所属する簡易裁判所（仮執行の宣言を付した支払督促に係る請求が簡易裁判所の管轄に属しないものであるときは、その簡易裁判所の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所）
a title of obligation as stated in Article 22, item (iv) that is based on a petition for a demand for payment filed with the court clerk of a designated summary court under Article 397 of the Code of Civil Procedure:the court with which an action is deemed to have been filed pursuant to the provisions of Article 398 of that Act as it concerns that petition;
第二十二条第四号に掲げる債務名義のうち民事訴訟法第三百九十七条に規定する指定簡易裁判所の裁判所書記官に対してされた支払督促の申立てによるもの 当該支払督促の申立てについて同法第三百九十八条の規定により訴えの提起があつたものとみなされる裁判所
a title of obligation as stated in Article 22, item (iv)-2:the court to which the court clerk who has taken the measure stated in that item belongs;
第二十二条第四号の二に掲げる債務名義 同号の処分をした裁判所書記官の所属する裁判所
a title of obligation as stated in Article 22, item (v):the court having jurisdiction in the locality of the general venue for the obligor (or, if the obligor has no general venue, the court having jurisdiction in the locality of the subject matter of the claim or the obligor's seizable property); and
第二十二条第五号に掲げる債務名義 債務者の普通裁判籍の所在地を管轄する裁判所（この普通裁判籍がないときは、請求の目的又は差し押さえることができる債務者の財産の所在地を管轄する裁判所）
a title of obligation as stated in Article 22, item (vii) that relates to a settlement or mediation (excluding a settlement or mediation reached in an upper instance court) or to a labor tribunal decision (excluding a title of obligation as stated in item (i)-2 or (i)-3):the summary court, district court, or family court where the settlement or mediation is reached (or, if the claim involved in the settlement or mediation that is reached in summary court is not under the jurisdiction of the summary court, the district court having jurisdiction in the locality of the summary court), or the district court before which the labor tribunal case is pending when the labor tribunal decision is made.
第二十二条第七号に掲げる債務名義のうち和解若しくは調停（上級裁判所において成立した和解及び調停を除く。）又は労働審判に係るもの（第一号の二及び第一号の三に掲げるものを除く。） 和解若しくは調停が成立した簡易裁判所、地方裁判所若しくは家庭裁判所（簡易裁判所において成立した和解又は調停に係る請求が簡易裁判所の管轄に属しないものであるときは、その簡易裁判所の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所）又は労働審判が行われた際に労働審判事件が係属していた地方裁判所
When an attestation of enforceability has been granted pursuant to the provisions of Article 27, an obligor who disputes that a fact to be proved by the obligee has occurred or objects to it being permissible to carry out judicial enforcement for or against a person other than the party indicated in the title of obligation may file an action opposing the granting of an attestation of enforceability to call for the court to disallow judicial enforcement based on the authenticated copy of the title of obligation bearing that attestation of enforceability.
第二十七条の規定により執行文が付与された場合において、債権者の証明すべき事実の到来したこと又は債務名義に表示された当事者以外の者に対し、若しくはその者のために強制執行をすることができることについて異議のある債務者は、その執行文の付された債務名義の正本に基づく強制執行の不許を求めるために、執行文付与に対する異議の訴えを提起することができる。
If there are several grounds for opposition, an obligor must allege those grounds at the same time.
異議の事由が数個あるときは、債務者は、同時に、これを主張しなければならない。
The provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the action stated in paragraph (1).
前条第二項の規定は、第一項の訴えについて準用する。
An obligor who disputes the existence or content of the claim under a title of obligation (excluding a title of obligation stated in Article 22, item (ii), or items (iii)-2 through (iv) which has yet to become final and binding; the same applies in this paragraph) may file an action to dispute the claim to call for the court to disallow judicial enforcement based on that title of obligation. The same applies for an obligor who disputes the establishment of a title of obligation not constituting a judicial decision.
債務名義（第二十二条第二号又は第三号の二から第四号までに掲げる債務名義で確定前のものを除く。以下この項において同じ。）に係る請求権の存在又は内容について異議のある債務者は、その債務名義による強制執行の不許を求めるために、請求異議の訴えを提起することができる。裁判以外の債務名義の成立について異議のある債務者も、同様とする。
Grounds to dispute a final and binding judgment are limited to those that arise after the conclusion of oral arguments.
確定判決についての異議の事由は、口頭弁論の終結後に生じたものに限る。
The provisions of Article 33, paragraph (2) and paragraph (2) of the preceding Article apply mutatis mutandis to the action stated in paragraph (1).
第三十三条第二項及び前条第二項の規定は、第一項の訴えについて準用する。