Article 46Effects of Bylaws and Meeting Resolutions
第四十六条（規約及び集会の決議の効力）
Bylaws and meeting resolutions also become effective against the specific successor of a unit owner.
規約及び集会の決議は、区分所有者の特定承継人に対しても、その効力を生ずる。
A possessor has the same obligations as the obligations that the unit owners have based on the bylaws or meeting resolutions, as it concerns the way in which the possessor uses the building, its grounds, or its attached facilities.
Section 6 Order for Management of an Exclusively-Owned Area with an Unknown Owner
第六節 所有者不明専有部分管理命令
Article 46-2Order for Management of an Exclusively-Owned Area with an Unknown Owner
第四十六条の二（所有者不明専有部分管理命令）
If a unit owner of an exclusively-owned area cannot be identified or their whereabouts cannot be ascertained (or, if the exclusively-owned area is under the co-ownership of multiple persons, with regard to a share of co-ownership in the exclusively-owned area whose co-owner cannot be identified or whose co-owner's whereabouts cannot be ascertained), the court may, if it finds it necessary, at the request of an interested person, issue a disposition ordering management by an administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner (meaning the administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner prescribed in paragraph (4); the same applies in paragraph (3)), covering the exclusively-owned area or the share of co-ownership to which the request pertains (hereinafter referred to as an "order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner").
The effect of an order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner extends to movables located in the exclusively-owned area subject to that order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner (or, if the order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner was issued with a share of co-ownership as its subject, the exclusively-owned area that is the co-owned property) or in a common area, attached facilities, or the grounds of the building (limited to movables owned by the unit owner of the exclusively-owned area subject to that order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner or by the person who holds the share of co-ownership), and to rights related to the common areas and attached facilities and to the right to use the grounds (in both cases, limited to those held by the unit owner of the exclusively-owned area subject to that order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner or by the person who holds the share of co-ownership).
An order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner may also be issued, in the case where an order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner has been issued and that order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner has subsequently been rescinded, if it is found necessary with regard to the property obtained by the administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner through the management or disposition of, or any other cause relating to, the exclusively-owned area or share of co-ownership covered by that order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner, the movables on which that order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner has effect, rights related to the common areas and the attached facilities, and the right to use the grounds.
所有者不明専有部分管理命令は、所有者不明専有部分管理命令が発せられた後に当該所有者不明専有部分管理命令が取り消された場合において、当該所有者不明専有部分管理命令の対象とされた専有部分又は共有持分並びに当該所有者不明専有部分管理命令の効力が及ぶ動産並びに共用部分及び附属施設に関する権利並びに敷地利用権の管理、処分その他の事由により所有者不明専有部分管理人が得た財産について、必要があると認めるときも、することができる。
When issuing an order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner, the court must appoint an administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner in that order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner.
裁判所は、所有者不明専有部分管理命令をする場合には、当該所有者不明専有部分管理命令において、所有者不明専有部分管理人を選任しなければならない。
Article 46-3Authority of the Administrator of an Exclusively-Owned Area with an Unknown Owner
第四十六条の三（所有者不明専有部分管理人の権限）
If an administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner has been appointed pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (4) of the preceding Article, the right to manage and dispose of the exclusively-owned area or share of co-ownership covered by the order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner, the movables on which the order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner has effect, rights related to the common areas and the attached facilities, the right to use the grounds, and the property obtained by the administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner through the management or disposition of, or any other cause relating to, these (hereinafter referred to as the "exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner") is vested exclusively in the administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner.
前条第四項の規定により所有者不明専有部分管理人が選任された場合には、所有者不明専有部分管理命令の対象とされた専有部分又は共有持分並びに所有者不明専有部分管理命令の効力が及ぶ動産並びに共用部分及び附属施設に関する権利並びに敷地利用権並びにこれらの管理、処分その他の事由により所有者不明専有部分管理人が得た財産（以下「所有者不明専有部分等」という。）の管理及び処分をする権利は、所有者不明専有部分管理人に専属する。
In order to perform an act exceeding the scope of the following acts, the administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner must obtain the permission of the court; provided, however, that the lack of this permission may not be asserted against a third party acting in good faith:
所有者不明専有部分管理人が次に掲げる行為の範囲を超える行為をするには、裁判所の許可を得なければならない。ただし、この許可がないことをもつて善意の第三者に対抗することはできない。
an act of preservation; and
保存行為
an act for the purpose of using or improving the exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner, to the extent that it does not change its nature.
所有者不明専有部分等の性質を変えない範囲内において、その利用又は改良を目的とする行為
Article 46-4Handling of Actions Concerning an Exclusively-Owned Area, etc. with an Unknown Owner
第四十六条の四（所有者不明専有部分等に関する訴えの取扱い）
If an order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner has been issued, the administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner is to be the plaintiff or defendant in an action concerning the exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner.
所有者不明専有部分管理命令が発せられた場合には、所有者不明専有部分等に関する訴えについては、所有者不明専有部分管理人を原告又は被告とする。
If an order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner has been issued, litigation proceedings concerning the exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner to which the owner of that exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner (including a person who holds a share of co-ownership in it; the same applies in paragraph (5)) is a party are interrupted.
所有者不明専有部分管理命令が発せられた場合には、所有者不明専有部分等に関する訴訟手続で当該所有者不明専有部分等の所有者（その共有持分を有する者を含む。第五項において同じ。）を当事者とするものは、中断する。
The administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner may take over the litigation proceedings interrupted pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph. In such a case, a petition for the taking over of the proceedings may also be filed by the other party.
前項の規定により中断した訴訟手続は、所有者不明専有部分管理人においてこれを受け継ぐことができる。この場合においては、受継の申立ては、相手方もすることができる。
If an order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner has been rescinded, litigation proceedings concerning the exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner to which the administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner is a party are interrupted.
所有者不明専有部分管理命令が取り消されたときは、所有者不明専有部分管理人を当事者とする所有者不明専有部分等に関する訴訟手続は、中断する。
The owner of the exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner must take over the litigation proceedings interrupted pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph. In such a case, a petition for the taking over of the proceedings may also be filed by the other party.
所有者不明専有部分等の所有者は、前項の規定により中断した訴訟手続を受け継がなければならない。この場合においては、受継の申立ては、相手方もすることができる。
Article 46-5Duties of the Administrator of an Exclusively-Owned Area with an Unknown Owner
第四十六条の五（所有者不明専有部分管理人の義務）
The administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner must exercise their authority with the due care of a prudent manager for the benefit of the owner of the exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner (including a person who holds a share of co-ownership in it).
所有者不明専有部分管理人は、所有者不明専有部分等の所有者（その共有持分を有する者を含む。）のために、善良な管理者の注意をもつて、その権限を行使しなければならない。
If an order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner has been issued covering the shares of co-ownership of multiple persons, the administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner must exercise their authority in good faith and impartially for the benefit of all of the persons who hold the shares of co-ownership covered by that order for management of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner.
数人の者の共有持分を対象として所有者不明専有部分管理命令が発せられたときは、所有者不明専有部分管理人は、当該所有者不明専有部分管理命令の対象とされた共有持分を有する者全員のために、誠実かつ公平にその権限を行使しなければならない。
第四十六条の六（所有者不明専有部分管理人の解任及び辞任）
If the administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner has caused significant damage to the exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner in breach of their duties, or if there are any other material grounds, the court may dismiss the administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner at the request of an interested person.
所有者不明専有部分管理人がその任務に違反して所有者不明専有部分等に著しい損害を与えたことその他重要な事由があるときは、裁判所は、利害関係人の請求により、所有者不明専有部分管理人を解任することができる。
The administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner may resign with the permission of the court if there are legitimate grounds.
所有者不明専有部分管理人は、正当な事由があるときは、裁判所の許可を得て、辞任することができる。
第四十六条の七（所有者不明専有部分管理人の報酬等）
The administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner may receive, from the exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner, advance payment of expenses and remuneration in the amount determined by the court.
所有者不明専有部分管理人は、所有者不明専有部分等から裁判所が定める額の費用の前払及び報酬を受けることができる。
Expenses and remuneration necessary for the management of the exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner by the administrator of an exclusively-owned area with an unknown owner are borne by the owner of the exclusively-owned area, etc. with an unknown owner (including a person who holds a share of co-ownership in it).
所有者不明専有部分管理人による所有者不明専有部分等の管理に必要な費用及び報酬は、所有者不明専有部分等の所有者（その共有持分を有する者を含む。）の負担とする。
Section 7 Order for Management of a Poorly Managed Exclusively-Owned Area and Order for Management of a Poorly Managed Common Area
第七節 管理不全専有部分管理命令及び管理不全共用部分管理命令
Article 46-8Order for Management of a Poorly Managed Exclusively-Owned Area
第四十六条の八（管理不全専有部分管理命令）
If the rights or legally protected interests of others are infringed or are likely to be infringed as a result of the inappropriate management of an exclusively-owned area by its unit owner, the court may, if it finds it necessary, at the request of an interested person, issue a disposition ordering management by the administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area prescribed in paragraph (3), covering that exclusively-owned area (hereinafter referred to as an "order for management of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area").
The effect of an order for management of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area extends to movables located in the exclusively-owned area subject to that order for management of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area or in a common area, attached facilities, or the grounds of the building (limited to movables owned by the unit owner of the exclusively-owned area subject to that order for management of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area or by a person who holds a share of co-ownership in it), and to rights related to the common areas and attached facilities and to the right to use the grounds (in both cases, limited to those held by the unit owner of the exclusively-owned area subject to that order for management of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area or by a person who holds a share of co-ownership in it).
When issuing an order for management of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area, the court must appoint an administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area in that order for management of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area.
裁判所は、管理不全専有部分管理命令をする場合には、当該管理不全専有部分管理命令において、管理不全専有部分管理人を選任しなければならない。
Article 46-9Authority of the Administrator of a Poorly Managed Exclusively-Owned Area
第四十六条の九（管理不全専有部分管理人の権限）
The administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area has the authority to manage and dispose of the exclusively-owned area covered by the order for management of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area, the movables on which the order for management of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area has effect, rights related to the common areas and the attached facilities, the right to use the grounds, and the property obtained by the administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area through the management or disposition of, or any other cause relating to, these (hereinafter referred to as the "poorly managed exclusively-owned area, etc.").
管理不全専有部分管理人は、管理不全専有部分管理命令の対象とされた専有部分並びに管理不全専有部分管理命令の効力が及ぶ動産並びに共用部分及び附属施設に関する権利並びに敷地利用権並びにこれらの管理、処分その他の事由により管理不全専有部分管理人が得た財産（以下「管理不全専有部分等」という。）の管理及び処分をする権限を有する。
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area may not exercise voting rights at a meeting.
前項の規定にかかわらず、管理不全専有部分管理人は、集会において議決権を行使することができない。
In order to perform an act exceeding the scope of the following acts, the administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area must obtain the permission of the court; provided, however, that the lack of this permission may not be asserted against a third party acting in good faith and without negligence:
管理不全専有部分管理人が次に掲げる行為の範囲を超える行為をするには、裁判所の許可を得なければならない。ただし、この許可がないことをもつて善意でかつ過失がない第三者に対抗することはできない。
an act of preservation; and
保存行為
an act for the purpose of using or improving the poorly managed exclusively-owned area, etc., to the extent that it does not change its nature.
管理不全専有部分等の性質を変えない範囲内において、その利用又は改良を目的とする行為
The permission referred to in the preceding paragraph for the disposition of the exclusively-owned area covered by an order for management of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area may not be granted without the consent of its unit owner.
管理不全専有部分管理命令の対象とされた専有部分の処分についての前項の許可をするには、その区分所有者の同意がなければならない。
Article 46-10Duties of the Administrator of a Poorly Managed Exclusively-Owned Area
第四十六条の十（管理不全専有部分管理人の義務）
The administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area must exercise their authority with the due care of a prudent manager for the benefit of the owner of the poorly managed exclusively-owned area, etc.
管理不全専有部分管理人は、管理不全専有部分等の所有者のために、善良な管理者の注意をもつて、その権限を行使しなければならない。
If the poorly managed exclusively-owned area, etc. is under the co-ownership of multiple persons, the administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area must exercise their authority in good faith and impartially for the benefit of all of the persons who hold the shares of co-ownership in it.
管理不全専有部分等が数人の共有に属する場合には、管理不全専有部分管理人は、その共有持分を有する者全員のために、誠実かつ公平にその権限を行使しなければならない。
第四十六条の十一（管理不全専有部分管理人の解任及び辞任）
If the administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area has caused significant damage to the poorly managed exclusively-owned area, etc. in breach of their duties, or if there are any other material grounds, the court may dismiss the administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area at the request of an interested person.
管理不全専有部分管理人がその任務に違反して管理不全専有部分等に著しい損害を与えたことその他重要な事由があるときは、裁判所は、利害関係人の請求により、管理不全専有部分管理人を解任することができる。
The administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area may resign with the permission of the court if there are legitimate grounds.
管理不全専有部分管理人は、正当な事由があるときは、裁判所の許可を得て、辞任することができる。
Article 46-12Remuneration, etc. of the Administrator of a Poorly Managed Exclusively-Owned Area
第四十六条の十二（管理不全専有部分管理人の報酬等）
The administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area may receive, from the poorly managed exclusively-owned area, etc., advance payment of expenses and remuneration in the amount determined by the court.
管理不全専有部分管理人は、管理不全専有部分等から裁判所が定める額の費用の前払及び報酬を受けることができる。
Expenses and remuneration necessary for the management of the poorly managed exclusively-owned area, etc. by the administrator of a poorly managed exclusively-owned area are borne by the owner of the poorly managed exclusively-owned area, etc.
管理不全専有部分管理人による管理不全専有部分等の管理に必要な費用及び報酬は、管理不全専有部分等の所有者の負担とする。
Article 46-13Order for Management of a Poorly Managed Common Area
第四十六条の十三（管理不全共用部分管理命令）
If the rights or legally protected interests of others are infringed or are likely to be infringed as a result of the inappropriate management of a common area by the unit owners, the court may, if it finds it necessary, at the request of an interested person, issue a disposition ordering management by the administrator of a poorly managed common area prescribed in paragraph (3), covering that common area (hereinafter referred to as an "order for management of a poorly managed common area").
The effect of an order for management of a poorly managed common area extends to movables located in the common area subject to that order for management of a poorly managed common area (limited to movables owned by the owner of the common area subject to that order for management of a poorly managed common area or by a person who holds a share of co-ownership in it).
管理不全共用部分管理命令の効力は、当該管理不全共用部分管理命令の対象とされた共用部分にある動産（当該管理不全共用部分管理命令の対象とされた共用部分の所有者又はその共有持分を有する者が所有するものに限る。）に及ぶ。
When issuing an order for management of a poorly managed common area, the court must appoint an administrator of a poorly managed common area in that order for management of a poorly managed common area.
裁判所は、管理不全共用部分管理命令をする場合には、当該管理不全共用部分管理命令において、管理不全共用部分管理人を選任しなければならない。