①In the case referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, when the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism finds, for a certain range of motor vehicles of the same model (including light motor vehicles exempt from inspection; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph and the following paragraph and in paragraphs (1) through (3) of the following Article) whose structure, equipment or performance the Minister finds may not conform to the safety standards, that the cause lies in the process of design or manufacture, the Minister may recommend to the motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. that manufactured or imported those motor vehicles (excluding motor vehicles imported by a person other than a person engaged in the business of importing motor vehicles and other motor vehicles specified by Order of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism; hereinafter referred to as "non-conforming motor vehicles") that it take the improvement measures necessary to make those non-conforming motor vehicles conform to the safety standards.

②In the case referred to in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, when the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism finds, for devices of a certain range of the same model that the Minister finds may not conform to the safety standards (excluding devices installed in the process of manufacturing a motor vehicle and other devices currently installed on a motor vehicle for which, in view of the process of their design or manufacture, it is found appropriate for the motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. of that motor vehicle to take improvement measures under the preceding paragraph; hereinafter referred to as "aftermarket devices") that are specified by Cabinet Order as being found to be used in large quantities mainly as aftermarket devices (hereinafter referred to as "specified aftermarket devices"), that the cause lies in the process of design or manufacture, the Minister may recommend to the equipment manufacturer, etc. (meaning a person engaged in the business of manufacturing motor vehicle equipment, or a person who has concluded a contract to purchase motor vehicle equipment to be exported to Japan from a person engaged in the business of manufacturing such equipment in a foreign country and is engaged in the business of importing that equipment; the same applies hereinafter in this Article, paragraphs (2) through (4) of the following Article and Article 63-4, paragraph (1)) that manufactured or imported those specified aftermarket devices (excluding specified aftermarket devices imported by a person other than a person engaged in the business of importing motor vehicle equipment and other specified aftermarket devices specified by Order of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism; hereinafter referred to as "non-conforming specified aftermarket devices") that it take the improvement measures necessary to make those non-conforming specified aftermarket devices conform to the safety standards.

③The Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism is not to make the recommendation under paragraph (1) or the preceding paragraph when, with respect to a non-conforming motor vehicle or non-conforming specified aftermarket device whose cause the Minister finds lies in the process of design or manufacture, improvement measures have been taken by the motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. that made a notification under paragraph (1) of the following Article or the equipment manufacturer, etc. that made a notification under paragraph (2) of that Article, and the Minister finds that, as a result, there is no longer a likelihood of non-conformity to the safety standards.

④When the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism has made a recommendation under paragraph (1) or (2) and the motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. or equipment manufacturer, etc. that received the recommendation does not comply with it, the Minister may make that fact public.

⑤When a motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. or equipment manufacturer, etc. that received a recommendation prescribed in paragraph (1) or (2) has still, without legitimate grounds, failed to take the measures relating to the recommendation after it was made public pursuant to the preceding paragraph that the manufacturer did not comply with the recommendation, the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism may order that motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. or equipment manufacturer, etc. to take the measures relating to the recommendation.

⑥When the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism intends to make a recommendation under paragraph (1) or (2) and finds it necessary, the Minister is to have the Agency conduct a technical verification of whether the cause of the likelihood that the structure, equipment or performance of motor vehicles, or specified aftermarket devices, do not conform to the safety standards lies in the process of design or manufacture.

⑦When the Agency has conducted the technical verification under the preceding paragraph, it must without delay notify the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of the result of that technical verification.

①When a motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. finds that the structure, equipment or performance of a certain range of motor vehicles of the same model that it manufactured or imported is in a condition in which it is likely to cease to conform to the safety standards or does not conform to them and that the cause lies in the process of design or manufacture, and intends to take the improvement measures necessary to eliminate the likelihood of those motor vehicles ceasing to conform to the safety standards or to make them conform to the safety standards, it must notify the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism in advance of the following matters:

②When an equipment manufacturer, etc. finds that a certain range of specified aftermarket devices of the same model that it manufactured or imported are in a condition in which they are likely to cease to conform to the safety standards or do not conform to them and that the cause lies in the process of design or manufacture, and intends to take the improvement measures necessary to eliminate the likelihood of those specified aftermarket devices ceasing to conform to the safety standards or to make them conform to the safety standards, it must notify the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism in advance of the following matters:

③When the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism finds that the details of the improvement measures relating to a notification under paragraph (1) or the preceding paragraph are not appropriate to eliminate the likelihood of those motor vehicles or specified aftermarket devices ceasing to conform to the safety standards or to make them conform to the safety standards, the Minister may instruct the motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. or equipment manufacturer, etc. that made the notification to change them.

④A motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. that made a notification under paragraph (1) or an equipment manufacturer, etc. that made a notification under paragraph (2) must, as prescribed by Order of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, report to the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism on the status of implementation of the improvement measures relating to the notification.

⑤When the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism intends to give an instruction under paragraph (3) and finds it necessary, the Minister is to have the Agency conduct a technical verification of whether the details of the improvement measures relating to a notification under paragraph (1) or (2) are appropriate, with respect to the structure, equipment or performance of motor vehicles, or specified aftermarket devices, to eliminate the likelihood of ceasing to conform to the safety standards or to make them conform to the safety standards.

⑥When the Agency has conducted the technical verification under the preceding paragraph, it must without delay notify the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of the result of that technical verification.

①To the extent necessary for the enforcement of the provisions of the preceding two Articles, the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism may have a motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. that manufactured or imported non-conforming motor vehicles (including an equipment manufacturer, etc. that manufactured or imported, among the devices of those non-conforming motor vehicles (excluding aftermarket devices; the same applies hereinafter in this paragraph), those that the Minister finds may not conform to the safety standards), an equipment manufacturer, etc. that manufactured or imported non-conforming specified aftermarket devices, a motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. that made a notification under paragraph (1) of the preceding Article (including an equipment manufacturer, etc. that manufactured or imported, among the motor vehicle devices relating to that notification, those that the Minister finds to be in a condition in which they are likely to cease to conform to the safety standards or do not conform to them), or an equipment manufacturer, etc. that made a notification under paragraph (2) of that Article make a report concerning its business, or have the Minister's staff members enter the offices or other places of business of that motor vehicle manufacturer, etc. or equipment manufacturer, etc., inspect books and documents and other articles, or question persons concerned.

②A staff member who conducts an on-site inspection pursuant to the preceding paragraph must carry an identification card showing his or her status and must present it when requested by a person concerned.

③The authority to conduct on-site inspections under paragraph (1) must not be construed as being vested for criminal investigation.

①When the Minister's staff members conduct an on-site inspection pursuant to paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism may have the Agency conduct the investigation necessary for the technical verification under Article 63-2, paragraph (6) or Article 63-3, paragraph (5).

②When the Agency has conducted the investigation under the preceding paragraph, it must, without delay, notify the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of the result of that investigation.

①A motor vehicle must not be used for operation unless the motor vehicle inspection certificate is kept in it and an inspection mark is displayed as prescribed by Order of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.

②The Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism must issue an inspection mark to the user in the following cases:

③The inspection mark is to indicate, as prescribed by Order of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, the time at which the validity period of the motor vehicle inspection certificate expires, as of the time of issuance of the mark.

④The validity period of an inspection mark is the same as the validity period of the motor vehicle inspection certificate of the motor vehicle at the time of issuance of the mark.

⑤An inspection mark must not be displayed on the motor vehicle when the motor vehicle inspection certificate has ceased to be effective, or when, as a result of a continuing inspection, extraordinary inspection or inspection for change of structure, etc., it has not been possible to have the motor vehicle inspection certificate returned.

①When there has been a change in the particulars recorded on the motor vehicle inspection certificate, the user of the motor vehicle must, within 15 days from the day on which the ground for the change arose, have the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism make a record of change of the motor vehicle inspection certificate with respect to that change; provided, however, that, for a motor vehicle inspection certificate that has lost its effect, the time at which the record of change is to be made may be the time when the user intends to use that motor vehicle.

②The preceding paragraph does not apply in the case where there has been a change in the particulars recorded on the motor vehicle inspection certificate concerning the address of the user or owner of the motor vehicle or the location of the base of operations of the motor vehicle, owing to a change in an administrative division or in the name of a locality.

③When a change under paragraph (1) falls under grounds prescribed by Order of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism and the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism finds that there is a risk that the motor vehicle will cease to conform to the safety standards, the Minister must order that the motor vehicle be presented and undergo an inspection for change of structure, etc. as to whether it conforms to the safety standards.

④Article 59, paragraph (3) and Article 62, paragraph (2) apply mutatis mutandis to an inspection for change of structure, etc.