The Japan Fair Trade Commission consists of the Chair and four Commissioners.
公正取引委員会は、委員長及び委員四人を以て、これを組織する。
The Chair and Commissioners are appointed by the Prime Minister with the consent of both Houses of the Diet from among persons aged thirty-five and over who have knowledge and experience in law or economy.
委員長及び委員は、年齢が三十五年以上で、法律又は経済に関する学識経験のある者のうちから、内閣総理大臣が、両議院の同意を得て、これを任命する。
The appointment and dismissal of the Chair is certified by the Emperor.
委員長の任免は、天皇が、これを認証する。
The Chair and Commissioners are government officials.
委員長及び委員は、これを官吏とする。
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Emperor
天皇
The symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, holding that position by the will of the people (Article 1). The Emperor performs only the acts in matters of state the Constitution lists — appointing the Prime Minister the Diet has designated, promulgating laws, convoking the Diet — and has no powers related to government at all (Article 4, paragraph (1), and Articles 6 and 7). Every one of those acts needs the Cabinet's advice and approval, and the Cabinet, not the Emperor, answers for it (Article 3).
Written by AI using Constitution, Arts. 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and Wikipedia: Emperor of Japan as a reference.
Fair Trade Commission
公正取引委員会
The body the Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade (独占禁止法, the Antimonopoly Act) sets up to achieve that Act's purpose — among other things, to promote fair and free competition by banning private monopolization, unreasonable restraint of trade and unfair trade practices, and so to protect the interests of general consumers and the democratic and sound development of the national economy (Antimonopoly Act, Articles 1 and 27, paragraph (1)). It comes under the Prime Minister's jurisdiction, but its chairperson and four commissioners — appointed by the Prime Minister with the consent of both Houses of the Diet — exercise their authority independently (Articles 27, paragraph (2), 28 and 29). Under the Act against Unjustifiable Premiums and Misleading Representations, businesses and trade associations may, with the approval of both the Prime Minister and the Fair Trade Commission, conclude or set agreements or rules (協定又は規約) on premiums or representations (Article 36, paragraph (1)).
Written by AI using Antimonopoly Act, Arts. 1, 27, 28, 29 and Act against Unjustifiable Premiums and Misleading Representations, Art. 36 as a reference.
Prime Minister
内閣総理大臣
The head of the Cabinet. Designated by the Diet from among its own members, and appointed by the Emperor on that designation (Articles 67 and 6). The Prime Minister appoints and may dismiss the other Ministers of State at will, and a majority of them must be members of the Diet (Article 68). No Minister of State can be subjected to legal action while in office without the Prime Minister's consent (Article 75).
Written by AI using Constitution, Arts. 6, 67, 68, 75 and Wikipedia: Prime Minister of Japan as a reference.