The following acts (limited to acts concerning the provision of security or extinguishment of debt conducted with regard to an existing debt) may be avoided in the interest of the bankruptcy estate after the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings:
次に掲げる行為（既存の債務についてされた担保の供与又は債務の消滅に関する行為に限る。）は、破産手続開始後、破産財団のために否認することができる。
the act conducted by the bankrupt after becoming unable to pay debts or a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings was filed; provided, however, that this applies only when the creditor had known either of the facts specified in the following sub-item (a) or (b) in accordance with the category stated in sub-item (a) or (b), respectively at the time of the act:
if the act was conducted after the bankrupt had become unable to pay debts:the fact that the bankrupt was unable to pay debts or suspended payments
当該行為が支払不能になった後にされたものである場合 支払不能であったこと又は支払の停止があったこと。
if the act was conducted after a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings had been filed:the fact that a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings was filed; or
当該行為が破産手続開始の申立てがあった後にされたものである場合 破産手続開始の申立てがあったこと。
an act that is not included in the scope of the bankrupt's obligation or the time of performance of the act, which was conducted within 30 days before the bankrupt became unable to pay debts; provided, however, that this does not apply if the creditor did not know at the time of the act that the act would prejudice other bankruptcy creditors.
For the purpose of application of the provisions of item (i) of the preceding paragraph, in the following cases, the creditor is presumed to have known, at the time of the act stated in that item, the facts specified in the following sub-item (a) or (b) in accordance with the category of the case stated in sub-item (a) or (b), respectively (in the case stated in sub-item (a) of that item, both the fact that the bankrupt was unable to pay debts and the fact that the bankrupt suspended payments):
when the creditor is any of the persons stated in the items of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article; or
債権者が前条第二項各号に掲げる者のいずれかである場合
when the act stated in item (i) of the preceding paragraph is not included in the scope of the bankrupt's obligation or the means taken or time of performance of the act.
For the application of the provisions of the items of paragraph (1), after suspension of payments took place (limited to suspension that took place within one year prior to the filing of a petition to commence bankruptcy proceedings), the bankrupt is presumed to have been unable to pay debts.
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