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Chapter I General Provisions
The law as Act Partially Amending the Social Welfare Act, etc. (Act No. 51 of 2026) leaves it, with the words it changes marked.
The main text is read a page at a time: a chapter to a page, and a long chapter in runs of articles. The whole main text, and the supplementary provisions and appended tables this amendment changes. Those it leaves untouched are on the page for the text in force.
The purpose of this Act is for the State to guarantee a minimum standard of living as well as to promote self-support for all citizens who are in living in poverty by providing the necessary public assistance according to the level of poverty, based on the principles prescribed in Article 25 of the Constitution of Japan.
この法律は、日本国憲法第二十五条に規定する理念に基き、国が生活に困窮するすべての国民に対し、その困窮の程度に応じ、必要な保護を行い、その最低限度の生活を保障するとともに、その自立を助長することを目的とする。
All citizens may receive public assistance under this Act (hereinafter referred to as "public assistance") in a nondiscriminatory and equal manner as long as they satisfy the requirements prescribed by this Act.
すべて国民は、この法律の定める要件を満たす限り、この法律による保護（以下「保護」という。）を、無差別平等に受けることができる。
The minimum standard of living guaranteed by this Act shall be where a person is able to maintain a wholesome and cultured standard of living.
この法律により保障される最低限度の生活は、健康で文化的な生活水準を維持することができるものでなければならない。
Public assistance shall be provided based on a requirement that a person who is living in poverty shall utilize his/her assets, abilities and every other thing available to him/her for maintaining a minimum standard of living.
保護は、生活に困窮する者が、その利用し得る資産、能力その他あらゆるものを、その最低限度の生活の維持のために活用することを要件として行われる。
Any support given by a person responsible for support prescribed by the Civil Code (Act No. 89 of 1896) and any assistance prescribed by any other Act shall be provided in precedence to public assistance under this Act.
民法（明治二十九年法律第八十九号）に定める扶養義務者の扶養及び他の法律に定める扶助は、すべてこの法律による保護に優先して行われるものとする。
The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall not preclude the provision of necessary public assistance in the case where there are urgent circumstances.
前二項の規定は、急迫した事由がある場合に、必要な保護を行うことを妨げるものではない。
What is provided for in the preceding four Articles are fundamental principles of this Act based on which all interpretations and the operation of this Act shall be made.
前四条に規定するところは、この法律の基本原理であつて、この法律の解釈及び運用は、すべてこの原理に基いてされなければならない。
The term "public assistance recipient" as used in this Act means a person who currently receives public assistance.
この法律において「被保護者」とは、現に保護を受けている者をいう。
The term "person requiring public assistance" is a person who requires public assistance regardless of whether he/she currently receives public assistance.
この法律において「要保護者」とは、現に保護を受けているといないとにかかわらず、保護を必要とする状態にある者をいう。
The term "public assistance benefit" as used in this Act means the money and/or goods furnished or lent as public assistance.
この法律において「保護金品」とは、保護として給与し、又は貸与される金銭及び物品をいう。
The term "performance in money" as used in this Act means to provide public assistance by furnishing or lending money.
この法律において「金銭給付」とは、金銭の給与又は貸与によつて、保護を行うことをいう。
The term "performance in kind" as used in this Act means to provide public assistance by furnishing or lending goods, furnishing medical care, providing services or any other means other than by providing performance in money.
この法律において「現物給付」とは、物品の給与又は貸与、医療の給付、役務の提供その他金銭給付以外の方法で保護を行うことをいう。