Copyright Act
著作権法
Every term this law . Its definitions bind only this law — each entry says where the definition applies and links to the sentence that settles it. 284 terms: 179 with the Ministry of Justice's English, 105 in our translation, marked as such.
著作物
A creative expression of thoughts or feelings falling within the literary, academic, artistic or musical domain — a work in the narrow sense, as distinct from 著作物等 (works, performances, phonograms, broadcasts and cablecasts), which the Ministry's English also calls 'work'.
思想又は感情を創作的に表現したものであつて、文芸、学術、美術又は音楽の範囲に属するもの
Performing a work by acting it out, dancing, playing music, singing, delivering, reciting or any other means, including similar acts of an entertaining nature that do not perform a work.
著作物を、演劇的に演じ、舞い、演奏し、歌い、口演し、朗詠し、又はその他の方法により演ずること（これらに類する行為で、著作物を演じないが芸能的な性質を有するものを含む。）
The public, including a large number of specific persons and not only people at large.
特定かつ多数の者を含む
著作権
The economic rights of an author set out in Articles 21 to 28: the rights of reproduction, stage and musical performance, on-screen presentation, public transmission, recitation, exhibition, distribution, transfer of ownership, rental, translation and adaptation, and the original author's rights over the use of derivative works.
レコード
Sounds fixed on a phonograph record, recording tape or any other medium, other than sounds fixed to be played back only together with images.
蓄音機用音盤、録音テープその他の物に音を固定したもの（音を専ら影像とともに再生することを目的とするものを除く。）
Reproducing a work in tangible form by printing, photography, photocopying, sound or visual recording or any other means; for a script or similar work for the stage it includes recording a stage performance, broadcast or cablecast of it, and for an architectural work it includes completing a building according to its architectural drawings.
印刷、写真、複写、録音、録画その他の方法により有形的に再製することをいい、次に掲げるものについては、それぞれ次に掲げる行為を含むものとする
A transmission to the public (公衆送信) by radio communication, made so that the public receives the same content at the same time.
公衆送信のうち、公衆によつて同一の内容の送信が同時に受信されることを目的として行う無線通信の送信
著作物
In Subsection 5 of Section 3 of Chapter II, a work (著作物) in the narrow sense that is the subject of a copyright, not the wider 著作物等 (works, performances, phonograms, broadcasts and cablecasts) that the Ministry's English also calls 'work'.
著作者
A transmission to the public (公衆送信) by wire telecommunication, made so that the public receives the same content at the same time.
公衆送信のうち、公衆によつて同一の内容の送信が同時に受信されることを目的として行う有線電気通信の送信
実演家
An actor, dancer, musician, singer or other person who gives a performance (実演), and a person who conducts or directs a performance.
俳優、舞踊家、演奏家、歌手その他実演を行う者及び実演を指揮し、又は演出する者
Transmitting by radio or wire communication so that the public receives it directly, other than transmitting by telecommunications equipment whose parts are all within the same premises (or, where several occupy the premises, within the area one occupies), unless what is sent is a computer program work.
公衆によつて直接受信されることを目的として無線通信又は有線電気通信の送信（電気通信設備で、その一の部分の設置の場所が他の部分の設置の場所と同一の構内（その構内が二以上の者の占有に属している場合には、同一の者の占有に属する区域内）にあるものによる送信（プログラムの著作物の送信を除く。）を除く。）を行うこと
A transmission to the public (公衆送信) made automatically in response to requests from the public, other than broadcasting or cablecasting.
公衆送信のうち、公衆からの求めに応じ自動的に行うもの（放送又は有線放送に該当するものを除く。）
Making something capable of being sent by automatic public transmission (自動公衆送信), either by recording or inputting information into an automatic public transmission server connected to a telecommunications network used by the public (or adding or converting a recording medium to serve as that server's), or by connecting to such a network a server that already holds or receives the information.
次のいずれかに掲げる行為により自動公衆送信し得るようにすること
Fixing sounds on a medium, or making further copies of such a fixation.
音を物に固定し、又はその固定物を増製すること
Transferring or renting copies to the public, whether for payment or free; for a cinematographic work, or a work reproduced in one, it also includes transferring or renting copies of the film for the purpose of showing those works to the public.
有償であるか又は無償であるかを問わず、複製物を公衆に譲渡し、又は貸与することをいい、映画の著作物又は映画の著作物において複製されている著作物にあつては、これらの著作物を公衆に提示することを目的として当該映画の著作物の複製物を譲渡し、又は貸与することを含むものとする
レコード製作者
The person who first fixed the sounds recorded on a phonogram (レコード).
レコードに固定されている音を最初に固定した者
放送同時配信等
Automatic public transmission (自動公衆送信) of broadcast or cablecast programs, including making them available for transmission, that is made within a week after the broadcast or cablecast and not before it (for a series aired at intervals of more than a week, within a period of up to a month the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs sets), without changing the program except where unavoidable, and with measures set by Order of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (文部科学省令) against digital copying; excluding specified input-type automatic public transmission and the transmissions the Commissioner, after consulting the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications, sets as likely to unreasonably harm right holders or hard for the public to view.
放送番組又は有線放送番組の自動公衆送信（当該自動公衆送信のために行う送信可能化を含む。以下この号において同じ。）のうち、次のイからハまでに掲げる要件を備えるもの（著作権者、出版権者若しくは著作隣接権者（以下「著作権者等」という。）の利益を不当に害するおそれがあるもの又は広く国民が容易に視聴することが困難なものとして文化庁長官が総務大臣と協議して定めるもの及び特定入力型自動公衆送信を除く。）
Fixing a sequence of images on a medium, or making further copies of such a fixation.
影像を連続して物に固定し、又はその固定物を増製すること
商業用レコード
A copy of a phonogram (レコード) produced for sale on the market.
市販の目的をもつて製作されるレコードの複製物
映画の著作物
A cinematographic work, including a work expressed in a way that produces visual or audiovisual effects similar to those of a film and fixed in some medium.
映画の効果に類似する視覚的又は視聴覚的効果を生じさせる方法で表現され、かつ、物に固定されている著作物を含む
A corporation, including an association or foundation without legal personality that has a designated representative or manager.
法人格を有しない社団又は財団で代表者又は管理人の定めがあるものを含む
有線放送事業者
A person who carries on cablecasting (有線放送) as a business.
有線放送を業として行う者
二次的著作物
A work created by translating, arranging, transforming, dramatising, making into a film, or otherwise adapting an existing work.
著作物を翻訳し、編曲し、若しくは変形し、又は脚色し、映画化し、その他翻案することにより創作した著作物
The moral rights of an author: the right to make the work public (公表権, Article 18, paragraph (1)), the right of attribution (氏名表示権, Article 19, paragraph (1)) and the right to integrity (同一性保持権, Article 20, paragraph (1)).
プログラム
Instructions to a computer, combined and expressed so that they make it work to produce a particular result.
電子計算機を機能させて一の結果を得ることができるようにこれに対する指令を組み合わせたものとして表現したもの
A record made in electronic, magnetic or any other form people cannot perceive directly, for use in computer processing.
電子的方式、磁気的方式その他人の知覚によつては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であつて、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるもの
The general incorporated association or general incorporated foundation that the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs designates under Article 104-18, as the only one in Japan, to carry out compensation management functions (補償金管理業務): receiving and managing the compensation and collateral paid for compulsory licenses (裁定) under Articles 67 and 67-3, paying copyright and neighbouring rights owners from them, and the projects for protecting works and easing their use (著作物等保護利用円滑化事業).
In Section 2 of Chapter VI, a person registered with the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs whom the Commissioner may have carry out part of the work on compulsory licenses (裁定) under Article 67-3, paragraph (1) to use unmanaged works made public, etc. (未管理公表著作物等): receiving applications, checking the requirements and calculating the royalty-equivalent amount.
In Section 2 of Chapter VI, Article 121-3 and Article 122-2, item (iii), the parts of the work on compulsory licenses (裁定) under Article 67-3, paragraph (1) and on fixing their compensation that a registered verification body (登録確認機関) may be given: receiving applications, checking whether the work is an unmanaged work made public, etc. (未管理公表著作物等) and whether the applicant meets Article 67-3, paragraph (1), item (i), and calculating the amount equivalent to the ordinary royalty.
In the supplementary provisions (附則) of this Act as enacted, this Act itself: the Copyright Act (Act No. 48 of 1970) that wholly revised the earlier Copyright Act (Act No. 39 of 1899).
放送同時配信等事業者
A business that carries on simultaneous broadcasting (放送同時配信等) as a business, using broadcast or cablecast programs supplied by a broadcaster or cablecaster with which it has a close relationship (密接な関係).
人的関係又は資本関係において文化庁長官が定める密接な関係（以下単に「密接な関係」という。）を有する放送事業者又は有線放送事業者から放送番組又は有線放送番組の供給を受けて放送同時配信等を業として行う事業者
The moral rights of a performer: the right of attribution (氏名表示権) in Article 90-2, paragraph (1) and the right to integrity (同一性保持権) in Article 90-3, paragraph (1).
In Section 1 of Chapter VI and Article 122-2, item (iii), the functions listed in Article 104-20: receiving and managing the compensation and collateral paid for compulsory licenses (裁定) under Articles 67 and 67-3, paying copyright and neighbouring rights owners from them, and the projects for protecting works and easing their use (著作物等保護利用円滑化事業).
In the supplementary provisions (附則) of this Act as enacted, the earlier Copyright Act (Act No. 39 of 1899) that this Act (Act No. 48 of 1970) wholly revised.
Renting out, including any act, whatever it is called and however it is done, that gives another person a right to use something in the same way.
いずれの名義又は方法をもつてするかを問わず、これと同様の使用の権原を取得させる行為を含む
In Articles 67 and 67-2, the compulsory license that the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs grants under Article 67, paragraph (1) to use a work made public, etc. (公表著作物等) when, among other conditions set there, the copyright owner could not be contacted despite the measures the Commissioner sets, on deposit of compensation for the owner.
著作権等管理事業者
A copyright management service as defined in Article 2, paragraph (3) of the Act No. 131 of 2000 on copyright management businesses: a person registered under Article 3 of that Act who, as a business, grants permission to use works, performances, phonograms, broadcasts or cablecasts and otherwise manages copyrights or neighbouring rights under management entrustment contracts (管理委託契約) as that Act defines them.
著作権等管理事業法（平成十二年法律第百三十一号）第二条第三項に規定する著作権等管理事業者
国外
Anywhere outside the area in which this Act is in force, that is, outside Japan.
この法律の施行地外の地域
The compensation that a person who makes digital sound or visual recordings for private use, with devices and recording media a Cabinet Order (政令) designates, must pay the copyright owner under Article 30, paragraph (3) (including as applied by Article 102, paragraph (1)).
Copyright owners, owners of print rights (出版権者) and owners of neighbouring rights (著作隣接権者).
In Section 1 of Chapter VI, the designation, by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs under Article 104-18, of a general incorporated association or general incorporated foundation as the only body in Japan to carry out compensation management functions (補償金管理業務), made on the application of the body that wishes to carry them out.
A court order under Article 114-6, paragraph (1), made by ruling at a party's request in a lawsuit over infringement of the moral rights of authors, copyright, print rights, the moral rights of performers or neighbouring rights, forbidding a party, etc. (当事者等), counsel or assistant in court to use a trade secret (営業秘密) that comes up in the case for any purpose other than conducting the lawsuit, or to disclose it to anyone other than those bound by such an order.
著作物等
Works (著作物), performances, phonograms, broadcasts and cablecasts taken together; the Ministry's English calls this 'work' too, so there 'work' covers all five.
Short name for the Act on Access to Information Held by Administrative Organs (Act No. 42 of 1999).
In Section 2 of Chapter VI, the registration under Article 104-33, paragraph (1) of a person as a registered verification body (登録確認機関), made on the application of a person who wishes to carry out verification and other affairs (確認等事務).
A corporation that a local government (地方公共団体) sets up under the Local Independent Administrative Agency Act to carry out, efficiently and effectively, public work in its area that must be done reliably, that the local government need not do itself, and that it judges might not get done if left to the private sector, as Article 2(1) of that Act defines it.
地方独立行政法人法（平成十五年法律第百十八号）第二条第一項に規定する地方独立行政法人
指定管理団体
In Section 1 of Chapter V, an association designated by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs, with its consent, as the only one in Japan for each category of compensation for private sound and visual recording (私的録音録画補償金) — for private sound recording and for private visual recording — to exercise the right to that compensation on behalf of the right holders, which then only it may exercise.
美術の著作物
An artistic work, including works of artistic craftsmanship (美術工芸品).
美術工芸品を含む
A pen name, art name, abbreviated name or any other name used in place of a person's true name (実名).
写真の著作物
A photographic work, including a work expressed by a method similar to the method of producing photographs.
写真の製作方法に類似する方法を用いて表現される著作物を含む
A person's own name, or a corporation's or other body's name (氏名又は名称).
In Chapter III, a person who holds the reproduction right in Article 21 or the public transmission right in Article 23, paragraph (1) of a work, and who may grant print rights (出版権) in it.
Performances or phonograms, or the sounds or images of broadcasts or cablecasts, taken together.
This Act as amended by Act No. 33 of 2023.
Projecting a work (other than one being transmitted to the public) onto a screen or any other surface, including playing back, along with it, the sounds fixed in a cinematographic work (映画の著作物).
著作物（公衆送信されるものを除く。）を映写幕その他の物に映写することをいい、これに伴つて映画の著作物において固定されている音を再生することを含むものとする
Short name for the Public Records and Archives Management Act (Act No. 66 of 2009).
私的使用
Using a work personally, within one's family or home, or within a similarly limited circle.
特定実演家
A person who holds the right in Article 92-2, paragraph (1) to make a performance available for transmission (送信可能化), so far as it concerns simultaneous broadcasting (放送同時配信等).
指定管理団体
In Section 2 of Chapter V, the association designated by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs, with its consent, as the only one in Japan to exercise the right to compensation for public transmission by libraries or similar facilities (図書館等公衆送信補償金) on behalf of the right holders, which then only it may exercise.
指定管理団体
In Section 3 of Chapter V, the association designated by the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs, with its consent, as the only one in Japan to exercise the right to compensation for public transmission for classes (授業目的公衆送信補償金) on behalf of the right holders, which then only it may exercise.
The date Act No. 33 of 2023, the amending Act these supplementary provisions (附則) belong to, comes into effect.
Short name for the International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations (実演家、レコード製作者及び放送機関の保護に関する国際条約).
An administrative organ (行政機関) as defined in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Act on Access to Information Held by Administrative Organs: the national bodies listed there — those placed in or under the Cabinet (内閣) by law, the Cabinet Office (内閣府), the Imperial Household Agency (宮内庁), the ministries, commissions and agencies, certain facilities and special bodies a Cabinet Order (政令) designates, and the Board of Audit (会計検査院).
行政機関の保有する情報の公開に関する法律（平成十一年法律第四十二号。以下「行政機関情報公開法」という。）第二条第一項に規定する行政機関
The bodies Article 2(1) of the Act on Access to Information Held by Incorporated Administrative Agencies defines by this name: the incorporated administrative agencies (独立行政法人) of Article 2(1) of the Act on General Rules for Incorporated Administrative Agencies, and the corporations listed in its own Appended Table 1 (別表第一).
独立行政法人等の保有する情報の公開に関する法律（平成十三年法律第百四十号。以下「独立行政法人等情報公開法」という。）第二条第一項に規定する独立行政法人等
A local government's ordinance (条例) setting out the right of residents and others to request disclosure of information held by that local government or by a local incorporated administrative agency (地方独立行政法人).
地方公共団体又は地方独立行政法人の保有する情報の公開を請求する住民等の権利について定める当該地方公共団体の条例
教科用図書
A textbook as referred to in Article 34, paragraph (1) of the School Education Act, including as applied to other kinds of school by Articles 49, 49-8, 62, 70(1) and 82 of that Act: one approved by the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, or one of which that Ministry holds authorship, which those schools must use.
学校教育法（昭和二十二年法律第二十六号）第三十四条第一項（同法第四十九条、第四十九条の八、第六十二条、第七十条第一項及び第八十二条において準用する場合を含む。）に規定する教科用図書
Specified input-type automatic public transmission (特定入力型自動公衆送信) meant to be received only within the broadcast's service area (放送対象地域) as defined in Article 91, paragraph (2), item (ii) of the Broadcasting Act or, for a broadcast with no service area set, within its broadcast area (放送区域) as defined in Article 14, paragraph (2), item (ii) of the Radio Act.
特定入力型自動公衆送信のうち、専ら当該放送に係る放送対象地域（放送法（昭和二十五年法律第百三十二号）第九十一条第二項第二号に規定する放送対象地域をいい、これが定められていない放送にあつては、電波法（昭和二十五年法律第百三十一号）第十四条第二項第二号に規定する放送区域をいう。）において受信されることを目的として行われるもの
実演・レコード条約
Short name for the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (実演及びレコードに関する世界知的所有権機関条約).
This Act as amended by Act No. 72 of 2002.
密接な関係
A close relationship in personnel or capital, of the kind the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs specifies, between a broadcaster or cablecaster and a simultaneous broadcasting service (放送同時配信等事業者).
共同著作物
A work created jointly by two or more persons in which each person's contribution cannot be separated and used on its own.
二人以上の者が共同して創作した著作物であつて、その各人の寄与を分離して個別的に利用することができないもの
A musical performance of a work, including singing (Article 2, paragraph (1), item (xvi)), which under Article 2, paragraph (7) also includes playing back a recording of one (unless that is a transmission to the public or an on-screen presentation) and relaying one by telecommunications equipment (unless that is a transmission to the public).
著作物の上演、演奏又は口述で録音され、又は録画されたものを再生すること（公衆送信又は上映に該当するものを除く。）及び著作物の上演、演奏又は口述を電気通信設備を用いて伝達すること（公衆送信に該当するものを除く。）を含む
The head of the National Archives of Japan, etc. (国立公文書館等) as defined in Article 15, paragraph (1) of the Public Records and Archives Management Act: where the archives are a facility of an administrative organ (行政機関), the head of that organ, and where they are a facility of an incorporated administrative agency, etc. (独立行政法人等), the agency that set up the facility.
公文書管理法第十五条第一項に規定する国立公文書館等の長
Short name for the Act on Access to Information Held by Incorporated Administrative Agencies (Act No. 140 of 2001).
A local government's ordinance (条例) setting rules for the proper preservation and use of the historical public records and archives (歴史公文書等) held by that local government or by a local incorporated administrative agency (地方独立行政法人).
地方公共団体又は地方独立行政法人の保有する歴史公文書等の適切な保存及び利用について定める当該地方公共団体の条例
地方公文書館等
A facility that a public records management ordinance (公文書管理条例) designates as one for the proper preservation and use of historical public records and archives (歴史公文書等).
歴史公文書等の適切な保存及び利用を図る施設として公文書管理条例が定める施設
料金
In Article 31, paragraph (7), item (ii), Article 31, paragraph (9), item (ii) and Article 38, anything of value received in exchange for offering or presenting a work, whatever it is called.
いずれの名義をもつてするかを問わず、著作物の提供又は提示につき受ける対価
In Article 67-3, the compulsory license that the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs grants under Article 67-3, paragraph (1) to use an unmanaged work made public, etc. (未管理公表著作物等) when, among other conditions set there, the copyright owner's wishes on its use could not be confirmed despite the measures the Commissioner sets, on deposit of compensation for the owner.
In Article 93-3, the copyright management service (著作権等管理事業者) that the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs designates, with its consent, as the only one in Japan, and that alone may exercise specified performers' (特定実演家) right to the remuneration under Article 93-3, paragraph (2) for simultaneous broadcasting.
The compensation that the founder of a specified library, etc. (特定図書館等) must pay the copyright owner under Article 31, paragraph (5) (including as applied by Article 86, paragraph (3) and Article 102, paragraph (1)) when the library transmits a work to the public under Article 31, paragraph (2).
The compensation that the founder of an educational institution must pay the copyright owner under Article 35, paragraph (2) (including as applied by Article 102, paragraph (1)) when works are transmitted to the public for classes under Article 35, paragraph (1).
In Articles 104-35 and 104-36, the rules on how a registered verification body (登録確認機関) carries out verification and other affairs (確認等事務), which need the approval of the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs before that work begins.
In Chapter VII, a copyright dispute mediator (著作権紛争解決あつせん委員) placed in the Agency for Cultural Affairs to settle, through mediation (あつせん), disputes over the rights this Act provides.
A device which, connected to a telecommunications network used by the public, can automatically transmit to the public information recorded on the part of its recording medium used for that purpose, or information input into it.
公衆の用に供する電気通信回線に接続することにより、その記録媒体のうち自動公衆送信の用に供する部分（以下この号において「公衆送信用記録媒体」という。）に記録され、又は当該装置に入力される情報を自動公衆送信する機能を有する装置
In Article 31 and Article 104-10-4, paragraph (3), the National Diet Library and the libraries and other facilities set by Cabinet Order (政令) whose purpose is to make books, records and other materials available for public use.
公表著作物等
In Article 67 and Article 67-3, paragraph (2), a work that has been made public, or a work that has clearly been made available or presented to the public for a considerable period of time.
授業目的公衆送信
In Section 3 of Chapter V, a transmission to the public made under Article 35, paragraph (1) (including as applied by Article 102, paragraph (1)) by the teachers and students of a school or other non-profit educational institution for use in their classes, other than the transmissions described in Article 35, paragraph (3).
In Article 113 and Article 119, paragraph (2), a transmitter identification code, etc. (送信元識別符号等) for an infringing work (侵害著作物等).
A means using electronic, magnetic or other means people cannot perceive (電磁的方法) to restrict the viewing or listening of a work, performance, phonogram, broadcast or cablecast (for a computer program work, including running it), other than one used against the will of the copyright owner, etc., working by recording on a medium or transmitting a signal to which the equipment used reacts in a particular way, or by converting their sounds or images so that the equipment needs a particular conversion.
電磁的方法により、著作物等の視聴（プログラムの著作物にあつては、当該著作物を電子計算機において実行する行為を含む。以下この号及び第百十三条第六項において同じ。）を制限する手段（著作権者等の意思に基づくことなく用いられているものを除く。）であつて、著作物等の視聴に際し、これに用いられる機器が特定の反応をする信号を記録媒体に記録し、若しくは送信する方式又は当該機器が特定の変換を必要とするよう著作物、実演、レコード若しくは放送若しくは有線放送に係る音若しくは影像を変換して記録媒体に記録し、若しくは送信する方式によるもの
Under Article 2, paragraph (7), a stage performance (上演) also includes playing back a recording of one (unless that is a transmission to the public or an on-screen presentation) and relaying one by telecommunications equipment (unless that is a transmission to the public).
著作物の上演、演奏又は口述で録音され、又は録画されたものを再生すること（公衆送信又は上映に該当するものを除く。）及び著作物の上演、演奏又は口述を電気通信設備を用いて伝達すること（公衆送信に該当するものを除く。）を含む
Under Article 2, paragraph (7), recitation (口述) also includes playing back a recording of one (unless that is a transmission to the public or an on-screen presentation) and relaying one by telecommunications equipment (unless that is a transmission to the public).
著作物の上演、演奏又は口述で録音され、又は録画されたものを再生すること（公衆送信又は上映に該当するものを除く。）及び著作物の上演、演奏又は口述を電気通信設備を用いて伝達すること（公衆送信に該当するものを除く。）を含む
The permission under Article 80, paragraph (3) that the owner of print rights (出版権者) may give another person, only with the consent of the owner of reproduction rights or public transmission rights (複製権等保有者), to transmit the work to the public.
第八十条第三項の規定による公衆送信の許諾
図書館資料
In Article 31, paragraphs (1), (2) and (6), the books, records and other materials of a library, etc. (図書館等).
In Section 1 of Chapter VI, the rules on how the designated compensation management organization (指定補償金管理機関) carries out its compensation management functions (補償金管理業務), which need the approval of the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs.
In Section 2 of Chapter VI, calculating the amount equivalent to the ordinary royalty under Article 67-3, paragraph (1), for a compulsory license (裁定) to use an unmanaged work made public, etc. (未管理公表著作物等) — one of the tasks the Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs may have a registered verification body (登録確認機関) carry out.
侵害著作物等
In Article 113, paragraphs (2) and (3), a work, etc. (著作物等: a work, performance, phonogram, broadcast or cablecast) made available for transmission in infringement of copyright (other than the Article 28 rights over a derivative work created other than by translation), print rights (出版権) or neighbouring rights (著作隣接権), including one made available for transmission abroad in a way that would infringe those rights if done in Japan.
著作権（第二十八条に規定する権利（翻訳以外の方法により創作された二次的著作物に係るものに限る。）を除く。以下この項及び次項において同じ。）、出版権又は著作隣接権を侵害して送信可能化が行われた著作物等をいい、国外で行われる送信可能化であつて国内で行われたとしたならばこれらの権利の侵害となるべきものが行われた著作物等を含む
In Article 113, paragraphs (2) and (3), a transmitter identification code (送信元識別符号), or any other code or information whose provision has the same or a similar effect as providing one.