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A defect in a company's formation, a share issue, a capital reduction, a merger, a split or another listed act can be as…

The Act has no penalties, and no government office enforces it. It works by stating what holds between the parties: a le…

Retaliation is dealt with between the parties rather than by penalty: a dismissal or a cancelled dispatch contract for p…

An employer must pay every worker covered by a minimum wage (最低賃金) at least its amount, which is set by the hour. A labo…

A labor contract term that falls below the Act's standards is void to that extent, and the Act's standard applies in its…

Its provisions state what holds between employer and worker — a dismissal is void, work rules become the terms of a cont…

A collective agreement between a union and an employer or employers' organization takes effect only when put in writing…

Where there has been a wrongful act in connection with the national examination or the preliminary examination, those in…

Several rules take effect directly between the parties, without any official. A term less favourable to the buyer that b…

Superficies (地上権) and leases of land for owning a building, and leases of buildings, are also governed by the Act on Lan…

The penalties in Chapter 5 do not reach a business's solicitation or contract terms under Chapter 2. Those rules work be…

When a customer does this, the business cannot claim damages or a penalty for it and bears the cost of taking back the g…

The court appoints and supervises the trustee — a corporation can be one — and can dismiss one who does not manage the e…

An action for a declaration of nullity (無効等確認の訴え) may be brought only by a person likely to be harmed by a disposition t…

A contract by which an unregistered business sold unlisted securities (未公開有価証券) to a customer, or arranged such a sale,…

A dismissal of a woman worker who is pregnant, or who gave birth less than a year ago, is void, unless the employer prov…