Consumer Contract Act
消費者契約法
Protects consumers in their contracts with businesses: a consumer can rescind () their agreement to a contract they were misled or pressured into, contract terms that free a business from liability or otherwise unfairly harm consumers are void (), and qualified consumer organizations (適格消費者団体) can demand that businesses stop such practices.
- Text in force since
- Promulgated
- Articles
- 61
- Amendments on the way
- 1
What this law does
- A consumer can rescind () the offer or acceptance by which they entered a contract with a business if, in soliciting it, the business told them something untrue about an important matter (重要事項), or gave a definite forecast of something uncertain, such as a future price or an amount the consumer would receive, and the consumer believed it and contracted because of that. The same holds where the business told them of a benefit concerning an important matter, or something related to it, but, deliberately or through gross negligence, did not tell them a disadvantage in that matter which, after what it said, a consumer would normally think did not exist — unless the business tried to tell them and they refused to hear it. Important matters are the quality, use or other content, and the price or other terms, of what is contracted for, where these would normally affect the decision to contract, and — for an untrue statement only — circumstances in which it would normally be judged necessary for avoiding harm or danger to the consumer's life, body, property or other important interests.(Art. 4(1), Art. 4(1)(i), Art. 4(1)(ii), Art. 4(2), Art. 4(5), Art. 4(5)(i), Art. 4(5)(ii), Art. 4(5)(iii)) (the provisions it rests on)
Read the full overview
- A consumer can also rescind where the business, in soliciting, knew that the quantity, number of times or length of what it was selling was far beyond what is normal for that consumer — judged by what is sold, the terms, and the consumer's living circumstances and their own view of them — or would be once added to similar contracts the consumer already had, and the consumer contracted because of that solicitation.(Art. 4(4)) (the provisions it rests on)
- A consumer can also rescind if they contracted because they were overwhelmed (困惑) by being kept in or cornered while being solicited: the business staying in their home or workplace after being asked to leave, or not letting them leave the place of solicitation when they said they wanted to. The same holds where the business took them, without saying it was to sell them something, to a place it knew they could not easily leave on their own, and solicited them there; or, when they said they wanted to contact someone for advice by phone or another means a Cabinet Office Order (内閣府令) sets, stopped them with intimidating words or conduct.(Art. 4(3), Art. 4(3)(i), Art. 4(3)(ii), Art. 4(3)(iii), Art. 4(3)(iv)) (the provisions it rests on)
- A consumer overwhelmed (困惑) into contracting can also rescind where, before they agreed, the business carried out all or part of what the contract would require of it, or altered the thing the contract concerns, making it very hard to put things back as they were. The same holds where, before they agreed, the business did surveys, gave information, obtained goods or did other work aimed at the contract and then — without the consumer having specially asked for it, or another proper reason by the standards of trade — told them the work was done especially for them and that it would claim for its losses.(Art. 4(3), Art. 4(3)(ix), Art. 4(3)(x)) (the provisions it rests on)
- A consumer overwhelmed (困惑) into contracting can also rescind where the business, knowing that the consumer, because of little experience of social life, was excessively anxious about realizing hopes on schooling, work, marriage, livelihood or other important matters in social life, or on their looks, figure or other features of their body, fanned that anxiety and, without a reasonable basis or other proper reason, said what it sold was needed to realize them; or, knowing that the consumer, because of little experience of social life, had romantic or other feelings for the salesperson and wrongly believed they were returned, played on this by saying the relationship would end unless they contracted. The same holds where the business, knowing that a consumer whose judgment was greatly weakened by age or a mental or physical disorder was excessively anxious about keeping up their present life, as to livelihood, health or other matters, fanned that anxiety and, without a reasonable basis or other proper reason, said it would be hard for them to keep it up without the contract. It holds as well where the business, presenting it as insight from spiritual (霊感) or other special powers that are hard to verify rationally, fanned or played on a fear that serious harm, now or in the future, to the life, body, property or other important matters of the consumer or a relative could not otherwise be avoided, and said the contract was essential to avoid it.(Art. 4(3), Art. 4(3)(v), Art. 4(3)(v)(a), Art. 4(3)(v)(b), Art. 4(3)(vi), Art. 4(3)(vii), Art. 4(3)(viii)) (the provisions it rests on)
- The right to rescind lapses if it is not used within one year from the time the consumer could ratify (追認) the offer or acceptance, or once five years have passed since the contract was made; for the ground of claimed spiritual (霊感) or other special powers (Article 4(3), item 8), the periods are three years and ten years. A consumer who rescinds, and who did not know when they received something under the contract that they could rescind, need return only as much as they are still benefiting from. Rescission cannot be set up against a third party who acted in good faith (善意) and without negligence.(Art. 7(1), Art. 6-2(1), Art. 4(6)) (the provisions it rests on)
- A contract term is void if it frees the business entirely from liability for harm to the consumer caused by its failure to perform (債務不履行), or by a tort (不法行為) it commits in performing the contract, or lets the business decide whether it is liable. A term that frees the business from part of that liability, or lets it decide how far it is liable, is void where the harm comes from intent or gross negligence of the business, its representative or its employees. A term freeing it from part of its liability for other harm is void unless the term makes clear that it applies only to negligence short of gross negligence.(Art. 8(1), Art. 8(1)(i), Art. 8(1)(ii), Art. 8(1)(iii), Art. 8(1)(iv), Art. 8(3)) (the provisions it rests on)
- Until the change takes effect, 23 December 2028 at the latest: A term is void if it makes the consumer give up the right to cancel () the contract that arises when the business fails to perform, or lets the business decide whether that right exists. So is a term giving the business a right to cancel only because the consumer has become subject to a decision (審判) commencing guardianship (後見), curatorship (保佐) or assistance (補助), except in a contract under which it is the consumer who supplies the goods, rights, services or other things to the business.(Art. 8-2(1), Art. 8-3(1)) (the provisions it rests on)
- From a day still to be set, 23 December 2028 at the latest: A term is void if it makes the consumer give up the right to cancel (解除) the contract that arises when the business fails to perform, or lets the business decide whether that right exists. So is a term giving the business a right to cancel only because the consumer has become subject to a decision (審判) commencing assistance (補助) or attaching a specified assistant (特定補助人) to them, except in a contract under which it is the consumer who supplies the goods, rights, services or other things to the business. Terms of contracts made before 23 December 2028 keep the earlier rule, and so do adult wards (成年被後見人) and persons under curatorship (被保佐人) whom the transitional rules of the Act amending the Civil Code and other Acts (Act No. 45 of 2026, 民法等の一部を改正する法律), a separate Act, keep under the former rules.(Art. 8-2(1), Art. 8-3(1), Suppl. Prov. Art. 3(1), Suppl. Prov. Art. 2(1), Suppl. Prov. Art. 1(1)) (the provisions it rests on)
- A term setting damages or a penalty (違約金) the consumer must pay on cancellation (解除) of the contract is void to the extent that the total exceeds the average loss (平均的な損害) the business would suffer from the cancellation of contracts of the same kind, taken for each category of reason, timing and so on that the term sets. A term setting damages or a penalty for late payment is void to the extent that the total exceeds 14.6% a year, for each day from the day after the due date until payment, on the amount due less what has been paid. Where a business claims under a cancellation term and the consumer asks, it must try to explain in outline how it arrived at the amount.(Art. 9(1), Art. 9(1)(i), Art. 9(1)(ii), Art. 9(2)) (the provisions it rests on)
- Beyond these, a term is void if it restricts the consumer's rights or adds to their duties compared with how provisions of law not concerned with public order (公の秩序) would apply — for example, a term treating the consumer's inaction as an offer or acceptance of a new contract — and, against the basic principle in Article 1(2) of the Civil Code (民法), a separate Act, harms the consumer's interests one-sidedly.(Art. 10(1)) (the provisions it rests on)
Rescinding a contractTime limit for rescissionClauses exempting a business from liabilityCancellation charges and late-payment chargesTerms one-sidedly against the consumerInjunctionsQualified consumer organizationsConsumer and business
Contents
61 224 136 23 44
- Chapter I General Provisions第一章 総則Articles 1–3 · 3
- Chapter II Consumer Contracts第二章 消費者契約Articles 4–11 · 11
- Section 1 Rescinding the Manifestation of an Intention to Be Bound by the Offer of a Consumer Contract or by the Acceptance of Such an Offer第一節 消費者契約の申込み又はその承諾の意思表示の取消しArticles 4–7 · 5
- Section 2 Nullity of Consumer Contract Clauses第二節 消費者契約の条項の無効Articles 8–10 · 5
- Section 3 Auxiliary Provisions第三節 補則Article 11
- Chapter III Demand for Injunction第三章 差止請求Articles 12–47 · 40
- Section 1 Right to Demand an Injunction, Etc.第一節 差止請求権等Articles 12–12-5 · 5
- Section 2 Qualified Consumer Organizations第二節 適格消費者団体Articles 13–40 · 28
- Subsection 1 Certification of Qualified Consumer Organizations第一款 適格消費者団体の認定等Articles 13–22 · 10
- Subsection 2 Services Related to the Right to Demand an Injunction第二款 差止請求関係業務等Articles 23–29 · 7
- Subsection 3 Supervision第三款 監督Articles 30–35 · 6
- Subsection 4 Auxiliary Provisions第四款 補則Articles 36–40 · 5
- Section 3 Special Provisions on Court Proceedings第三節 訴訟手続等の特例Articles 41–47 · 7
- Chapter IV Miscellaneous Provisions第四章 雑則Articles 48–48-2 · 2
- Chapter V Penal Provisions第五章 罰則Articles 49–53 · 5
Amendments
A Japanese law is changed by another law or order that rewrites it — an . This law has 1 amendment on the way — , but . Its amendment history is below. The amendments this site has read the changes of are on this law's amendments page, provision by provision, in Japanese and English.
Date not yet set
Not yet in force
Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts upon the Enforcement of the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc.
民法等の一部を改正する法律の施行に伴う関係法律の整備等に関する法律
The date on which the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc. (Act No. 45 of 2026) comes into force. The exact day is not fixed yet.
18 amendments already in force
24 June 2026
The text on this site
Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts upon the Enforcement of the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code, etc.
民法等の一部を改正する法律の施行に伴う関係法律の整備等に関する法律
1 June 2025
Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts upon the Enforcement of the Act Partially Amending the Penal Code, etc.
刑法等の一部を改正する法律の施行に伴う関係法律の整理等に関する法律
1 October 2024
Act Partially Amending the Act against Unjustifiable Premiums and Misleading Representations
不当景品類及び不当表示防止法の一部を改正する法律
1 April 2024
Act Partially Amending the Basic Act on the Formation of a Digital Society, etc. to Promote Regulatory Reform for the Formation of a Digital Society
デジタル社会の形成を図るための規制改革を推進するためのデジタル社会形成基本法等の一部を改正する法律
1 October 2023
Act Partially Amending the Consumer Contract Act and the Act on Special Measures Concerning Civil Court Proceedings for the Collective Redress for Property Damage Incurred by Consumers
消費者契約法及び消費者の財産的被害の集団的な回復のための民事の裁判手続の特例に関する法律の一部を改正する法律
16 June 2023
Act Partially Amending the Basic Act on the Formation of a Digital Society, etc. to Promote Regulatory Reform for the Formation of a Digital Society
デジタル社会の形成を図るための規制改革を推進するためのデジタル社会形成基本法等の一部を改正する法律
1 June 2023
Act Partially Amending the Consumer Contract Act and the Act on Special Measures Concerning Civil Court Proceedings for the Collective Redress for Property Damage Incurred by Consumers
消費者契約法及び消費者の財産的被害の集団的な回復のための民事の裁判手続の特例に関する法律の一部を改正する法律
5 January 2023
Act Partially Amending the Consumer Contract Act and the Act on National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan
消費者契約法及び独立行政法人国民生活センター法の一部を改正する法律
17 June 2022
Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts upon the Enforcement of the Act Partially Amending the Penal Code, etc.
刑法等の一部を改正する法律の施行に伴う関係法律の整理等に関する法律
1 June 2022
Act Partially Amending the Consumer Contract Act and the Act on Special Measures Concerning Civil Court Proceedings for the Collective Redress for Property Damage Incurred by Consumers
消費者契約法及び消費者の財産的被害の集団的な回復のための民事の裁判手続の特例に関する法律の一部を改正する法律
1 April 2020
Act Partially Amending the Consumer Contract Act
消費者契約法の一部を改正する法律
1 April 2020
Act on the Arrangement of Related Acts upon the Enforcement of the Act Partially Amending the Civil Code
民法の一部を改正する法律の施行に伴う関係法律の整備等に関する法律
15 June 2019
Act Partially Amending the Consumer Contract Act
消費者契約法の一部を改正する法律
1 October 2017
Act Partially Amending the Act on National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan, etc.
独立行政法人国民生活センター法等の一部を改正する法律
3 June 2017
Act Partially Amending the Consumer Contract Act
消費者契約法の一部を改正する法律
2 June 2017
Act Partially Amending the Consumer Contract Act
消費者契約法の一部を改正する法律
2 June 2017
Act Partially Amending the Act on National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan, etc.
独立行政法人国民生活センター法等の一部を改正する法律
1 October 2016
Act on Special Measures Concerning Civil Court Proceedings for the Collective Redress for Property Damage Incurred by Consumers
消費者の財産的被害の集団的な回復のための民事の裁判手続の特例に関する法律
Who it applies to
It applies to
- Consumer contracts (消費者契約): contracts between a consumer (消費者) — an individual, except one entering the contract as a business or for a business — and a business (事業者), meaning any corporation or other organization, and any individual entering a contract as a business or for one.(Art. 2(1), Art. 2(2), Art. 2(3)) (the provisions it rests on)
- Businesses, under a duty to endeavour (努めなければならない): to make their contract terms clear and easy for consumers to understand; when soliciting, to give the information a consumer needs, taking account of their age, mental and physical state, knowledge and experience as far as the business could know them, and, for contracts on standard terms (定型約款), the information needed for the request that Article 548-3(1) of the Civil Code (民法), a separate Act, provides for, unless it has made the terms easy to see; and to give on request the information needed to use a right to cancel that the contract gives the consumer. Consumers, who are to endeavour (努めるものとする) to use the information given to understand their rights and duties under the contract.(Art. 3(1), Art. 3(1)(i), Art. 3(1)(ii), Art. 3(1)(iii), Art. 3(1)(iv), Art. 3(2)) (the provisions it rests on)
2 more
- Third parties a business entrusts to act as intermediary in making the contract, and those they in turn entrust (受託者等), and agents of a business or of such a third party: what they do in soliciting counts as the business's for rescission; and a consumer's agent counts as the consumer.(Art. 5(1), Art. 5(2)) (the provisions it rests on)
- Qualified consumer organizations (適格消費者団体): consumer organizations certified by the Prime Minister under Article 13 as fit to seek injunctions for large numbers of unspecified consumers, with duties on how they do that work; and anyone that is not one, which must not use a name or description that could be mistaken for one.(Art. 2(4), Art. 13(1), Art. 16(3), Art. 23(1)) (the provisions it rests on)
It does not apply to
- Labor contracts (労働契約).(Art. 48(1)) (the provisions it rests on)
Special rules and exceptions (5)
- Where goods or work delivered under a paid contract do not match the contract in kind or quality, a term excluding or limiting the business's liability for the resulting harm is not void under the rules on exemption from liability for failure to perform (Article 8(1), items 1 and 2), if the contract makes the business responsible for making good the defect or reducing the price, or if a contract made beforehand or at the same time — between the consumer and another business the business entrusted, or between the business and another business for the consumer's benefit — makes that other business liable for the harm or for making good the defect.(Art. 8(2), Art. 8(2)(i), Art. 8(2)(ii)) (the provisions it rests on)
- Where the Companies Act (会社法) or another Act says a subscription for shares or equity, or a contribution to a fund, cannot be rescinded for fraud or duress, it cannot be rescinded under this Act either, even when made as a consumer contract.(Art. 7(2)) (the provisions it rests on)
- Where an Act other than the Civil Code (民法) and the Commercial Code (商法) has its own rules on rescinding the offer or acceptance of a consumer contract, or on whether its terms are valid, those rules apply.(Art. 11(2)) (the provisions it rests on)
- The Act applies only to consumer contracts made after it came into force on 1 April 2001. Rules on void terms added later reach only contracts made once they were in force: Article 8-2 not contracts made before 3 June 2017, Article 8-3 not those made before 15 June 2019, and Article 8(3) not those made before 1 June 2023. For contracts made before 15 June 2019, Article 8(1) and Article 8-2 apply as they stood before that day, and for those made before 3 June 2017, Article 8(1), items 3 and 4, as they stood before then.(Suppl. Prov.(1), Suppl. Prov. Art. 1(1), Suppl. Prov. Art. 2(3), Suppl. Prov. Art. 2(4), Suppl. Prov. Art. 1(1), Suppl. Prov. Art. 2(3), Suppl. Prov. Art. 2(4), Suppl. Prov. Art. 1(1), Suppl. Prov. Art. 2(3)) (the provisions it rests on)
- Offers and acceptances made before 1 June 2023 cannot be rescinded under Article 4(3), items 3 and 4, and item 9 applies to them as it was worded before that day. Those made before 5 January 2023 are judged under the earlier wording of the spiritual-powers (霊感) ground, then Article 4(3), item 6 and now item 8. The time limits of Article 7(1), as amended by Act No. 99 of 2022 with effect from 5 January 2023, also cover rights to rescind offers and acceptances made before that day, unless the earlier time limit had already run out by then.(Suppl. Prov. Art. 1(1), Suppl. Prov. Art. 2(1), Suppl. Prov. Art. 2(2), Suppl. Prov. Art. 1(1), Suppl. Prov. Art. 2(1), Suppl. Prov. Art. 2(2)) (the provisions it rests on)
How it is enforced (8)
- The penalties in Chapter 5 do not reach a business's solicitation or contract terms under Chapter 2. Those rules work between the parties — the consumer may rescind their offer or acceptance, and a term the Act names is void — and on everything else about rescission and the validity of terms the Civil Code (民法) and the Commercial Code (商法), separate Acts, apply. Nor do the grounds for rescission in Article 4 stop Article 96 of the Civil Code, a separate Act, from applying to the same offer or acceptance.(Art. 49(1), Art. 50(1), Art. 51(1), Art. 53(1), Art. 4(1), Art. 10(1), Art. 11(1), Art. 6(1)) (the provisions it rests on)
- A qualified consumer organization (適格消費者団体) can demand that a business, a third party the business entrusted to act as intermediary (受託者等), or an agent of either stop or prevent the solicitation for which Article 4 lets a consumer rescind — other than leaving out a disadvantage the consumer refused to hear — where this is being done, or is likely to be done, to large numbers of unspecified consumers (不特定かつ多数), and take the steps needed for that, such as disposing of the materials used; it can also demand that whoever entrusted or appointed the intermediary or agent instruct it to put this right. It can likewise demand that a business or its agent stop offering or accepting, with large numbers of unspecified consumers, contracts containing terms Articles 8 to 10 make void (other than a term Article 8(2) saves), and that a business, or another agent, instruct its agent to stop. It cannot do either where an Act other than the Civil Code (民法) and the Commercial Code (商法) would not allow the rescission or would not make the term void.(Art. 12(1), Art. 12(2), Art. 12(3), Art. 12(4)) (the provisions it rests on)
- No demand may be made to seek an improper gain for the organization or a third party, or to harm the other side. Nor may one be made where, in another organization's case (訴訟等 — a suit, or a settlement, conciliation or arbitration procedure) with the same content against the same party, a final judgment or something with the same effect (確定判決等) already exists — not counting a judgment that dismissed the suit, one that rejected the demand only because it was brought for such an improper purpose, or one that rejected the other side's claim that no injunction right existed. That bar does not stop a demand resting on facts that arose after that case's oral argument closed or its settlement or award was reached, nor apply where the other organization's certification was revoked, or grounds for revoking it found, because it colluded with the other side in that case or otherwise conducted it markedly against consumers' interests.(Art. 12-2(1), Art. 12-2(1)(i), Art. 12-2(1)(ii), Art. 12-2(2), Art. 34(1)(iv), Art. 34(3)) (the provisions it rests on)
- An organization with reasonable grounds to suspect that a business or its agent is offering or accepting, with large numbers of unspecified consumers, contracts with terms Articles 8 to 10 make void may, giving its reasons, ask it to disclose them, unless it already publishes its terms online or in another suitable way. One with reasonable grounds to suspect that a cancellation charge exceeds the business's average loss may, giving its reasons, ask how it was calculated; and one whose demand about terms a business or its agent is now bound to meet may ask what it has done. The business must try to respond (a duty to endeavour, 努めなければならない), and may decline to explain a calculation that contains trade secrets or for another justifiable reason.(Art. 12-3(1), Art. 12-3(2), Art. 12-4(1), Art. 12-4(2), Art. 12-5(1), Art. 12-5(2)) (the provisions it rests on)
- Before suing, an organization must send the would-be defendant a written demand stating the gist of the claim and of the dispute, and wait one week after it arrives, unless the demand is refused; the same applies before it applies for a provisional disposition (仮処分). The suit may also be brought in the court for the place where the conduct happened. Where an injunction is enforced by indirect compulsory execution (間接強制) under the Civil Execution Act (民事執行法), a separate Act, the court setting the amount the business must pay must take particular account of the harm large numbers of consumers would suffer from the injunction not being obeyed.(Art. 41(1), Art. 41(3), Art. 43(2), Art. 47(1)) (the provisions it rests on)
- Organizations are certified by the Prime Minister, whose powers under Chapter 3 are delegated to the Commissioner of the Consumer Affairs Agency (消費者庁長官), except those a Cabinet Order (政令) keeps. An organization must be a specified non-profit corporation (特定非営利活動法人) or a general incorporated association or foundation whose main purpose is protecting consumers and which has done that work properly for a considerable time, with a sound structure, board, finances and expert advisers — specialists in consumer affairs, and lawyers, judicial scriveners (司法書士) or other legal experts; political organizations and bodies controlled by organized crime members (暴力団員) are among those barred. Certification lasts six years and must be renewed to continue.(Art. 13(1), Art. 13(3), Art. 13(5), Art. 17(1), Art. 17(2), Art. 48-2(1)) (the provisions it rests on)
- A certified organization must use its right to seek injunctions properly for consumers at large and not abuse it, must notify the other organizations and report to the Prime Minister at each step of a demand or suit, and must get a consumer's consent before using information that identifies them; its officers, employees and expert advisers must keep secrets; it may not take money or other benefits from the other side, apart from costs and a few other amounts Article 28 lists. The Prime Minister can require reports, have its offices inspected, order it to put things right and revoke its certification, and publishes the outline of the judgments and settlements organizations report, with the name of the business concerned. Anyone may, during its business hours, inspect or copy its articles, business rules, list of officers, staff and expert advisers, membership and financial statements, paying its fee for copies, and it may refuse only for a justifiable reason.(Art. 23(1), Art. 23(2), Art. 23(4), Art. 24(1), Art. 25(1), Art. 28(1), Art. 32(1), Art. 33(1), Art. 33(2), Art. 34(1), Art. 39(1), Art. 31(2), Art. 31(3), Art. 31(4)) (the provisions it rests on)
- An organization's officer, employee or expert adviser who takes money or another benefit, for themselves or a third party, in return for not pursuing, giving up, settling or otherwise ending a demand or suit, and whoever gives it, faces imprisonment (拘禁刑) of up to three years or a fine of up to 3 million yen, and the benefit is confiscated or its value collected. Getting certified by deception and leaking secrets learned in the work carry a fine of up to 1 million yen; false applications, calling oneself a qualified consumer organization without being one, and failures over books or inspections, up to 500,000 yen; and for the bribery, deception and Article 51 offences, the corporation or employer on whose business they were committed is fined too. Failures to post notices, file notifications, report, keep or show documents, among others, bring a civil fine (過料) of up to 300,000 yen.(Art. 49(1), Art. 49(2), Art. 49(3), Art. 50(1), Art. 50(2), Art. 51(1), Art. 52(1), Art. 53(1)) (the provisions it rests on)
How it connects to other laws
Cites this lawLawThis law cites it
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Where the translation comes from
- 362
- 128
The Ministry of Justice publishes its English of this law as a tentative translation (暫定版), not yet in its final form.
The Ministry of Justice's translation is shown only where the Japanese it translates matches the law in force today. Everywhere else the English is a machine translation, marked on the paragraph itself.
Only the Japanese is the law, and no lawyer has reviewed the machine translation.
Sources
Everything this page rests on
- e-Gov (Digital Agency)消費者契約法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24Original
- e-Gov (Digital Agency)消費者契約法 — revision historyOriginal
- Japanese Law Translation, Ministry of JusticeConsumer Contract Act — Ministry of Justice translationOriginal
- Machine translation, not official
- Written for this site with AIEnglish titles of amending laws, written for this site
- Written for this site with AIDescriptions of each law, written for this site
- Worked out by this site from e-Gov's text