In this Chapter, the meanings of the terms set forth in the following items are as prescribed respectively in those items:

①Affairs for parcel boundary demarcation is administered by the Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau that has jurisdiction over the location of the subject parcels.

②The provisions of Article 6, paragraphs (2) and (3) apply mutatis mutandis to the affairs for parcel boundary demarcation. In this case, in paragraph (2) of the same Article, the term "real property" is to be deemed to be replaced with "the subject parcels," the term "registry offices" is to be deemed to be replaced with "Legal Affairs Bureaus or District Legal Affairs Bureaus," and the term "Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau" is deemed to be replaced with "Legal Affairs Bureau"; in paragraph (3) of the same Article, the term "registry offices" is to be deemed to be replaced with "Legal Affairs Bureaus or District Legal Affairs Bureaus."

Parcel boundary demarcation is made by a registrar for parcel boundary demarcation (meaning a registrar designated by the Director of a Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau; the same applies hereinafter).

If a registrar for parcel boundary demarcation falls under any of the following items, the registrar for parcel boundary demarcation may not make a parcel boundary demarcation for the subject parcels:

①Each Legal Affairs Bureau and District Legal Affairs Bureau have several parcel boundary examiners, in order to have them conduct the examination of facts necessary for parcel boundary demarcation and submit their opinions to a registrar for parcel boundary demarcation.

②A parcel boundary examiner is appointed by the Director of the Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau from among those persons who have the expertise and experience necessary for performing the duties referred to in the preceding paragraph.

③The term of office of a parcel boundary examiner is two years.

④A parcel boundary examiner may be reappointed.

⑤A parcel boundary examiner serves on a part-time basis.

①A person who falls under any of the following items may not serve as a parcel boundary examiner:

②If a parcel boundary examiner has come to fall under any of the items of the preceding paragraph, they automatically forfeit their office.

If a parcel boundary examiner falls under any of the following items, the Director of the Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau may dismiss the parcel boundary examiner:

The Director of a Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau must specify the standard period of time to be normally required until a registrar for parcel boundary demarcation makes a parcel boundary demarcation after an application for parcel boundary demarcation has been filed, and must make the period of time public by posting it at the Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau or by another appropriate method.

①The registered holder of ownership or other owner of a parcel of land may file an application for parcel boundary demarcation with a registrar for parcel boundary demarcation with regard to the boundary between the relevant parcel of land and an adjoining parcel of land.

②If the local government obtains the approval of any of the registered holders of ownership or other owners of a subject parcel within its jurisdictional area, it may file an application for demarcation of the boundaries of that subject parcel with the registrar for parcel boundary demarcation (limited to those that are not shown on the map referred to in Article 14, paragraph (1)).

③An application for parcel boundary demarcation must be filed by clarifying the following matters:

④An applicant for parcel boundary demarcation must pay fees as provided for by Cabinet Order.

⑤The provisions of Article 18 apply mutatis mutandis to an application for parcel boundary demarcation. In this case, the phrase "information specified by Cabinet Order as necessary matters for applying for a registration, including the matters necessary for identifying the real property, the name of the applicant, and the purpose of registration (hereinafter referred to as "application information")" and the term "registry office" in the same Article are deemed to be replaced with "information on the matters set forth in the items of Article 131, paragraph (3) (referred to as "application information for parcel boundary demarcation" in item (ii), Article 132, paragraph (1), item (iv) and Article 150)," and "Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau", respectively; and the term "application information" in Article 18, item (ii) is deemed to be replaced with "application information for parcel boundary demarcation."

①In the following cases, a registrar for parcel boundary demarcation must dismiss an application for parcel boundary demarcation by a decision stating the reasons therefor; provided, however, that this does not apply where defects in the application can be corrected, and the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation has corrected them within a reasonable period specified by the registrar for parcel boundary demarcation:

②A dismissal of an application for a parcel boundary demarcation under the provisions of the preceding paragraph is deemed to be a disposition made by a registrar.

①If an application for parcel boundary demarcation is filed, a registrar for parcel boundary demarcation must give public notice to that effect and also give notice to the following persons (hereinafter referred to as the "related persons") to that effect, as provided for by Ministry of Justice Order without delay; provided, however, that this does not apply if the application should be dismissed pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article:

②In the case referred to in the main clause of the preceding paragraph, if the whereabouts of any of the related persons is unknown, the notice to the related person under the provisions of the main clause of the same paragraph may be given by taking measures to place the following matters in a state in which they can be inspected by an unspecified large number of persons by the method specified by Ministry of Justice Order, and also to post a document stating those matters on the notice board at the Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau that has jurisdiction over the location of the subject parcels, or to place those matters, as displayed on the screen of a computer installed at the office of the Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau that has jurisdiction over the location of the subject parcels, in a state in which they can be inspected. In this case, the notice is deemed to have reached the related person when two weeks have elapsed from the day on which the measures were commenced.

①If public notice has been given and notice has been given to each related person pursuant to the provisions of the main clause of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the Director of a Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau must designate a parcel boundary examiner who is to conduct the examination of facts necessary for parcel boundary demarcation for the subject parcels.

②A person who falls under any of the following items may not be designated as a parcel boundary examiner referred to in the preceding paragraph:

③If there are two or more parcel boundary examiners designated under the provisions of paragraph (1), they perform their duties jointly; provided, however, that with the permission of a registrar for a parcel boundary examiner, they may perform their duties independently or divide the duties among themselves.

④The Director of a Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau may have their officials assist the examination of facts conducted by a parcel boundary examiner.

①A parcel boundary examiner, if they are designated under the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, may conduct a survey or field investigation of the subject parcels or related parcels or other parcels of land, hear from the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation or related persons or other persons about the facts known to them or request those persons to submit materials, and conduct other examination of facts necessary for parcel boundary demarcation for the subject parcels.

②When conducting the examination of facts referred to in the preceding paragraph, a parcel boundary examiner must maintain awareness that parcel boundary demarcation is not intended for the demarcation of the boundary of the coverage of ownership for the subject parcels.

①When conducting a survey or field investigation of the subject parcels, a parcel boundary examiner must give notice to the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation and the related persons to that effect together with the date and place thereof in advance, and provide them with the opportunity to observe the survey or field investigation.

②The provisions of Article 133, paragraph (2) apply mutatis mutandis to the notice under the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

①If the Director of a Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau finds it necessary when a parcel boundary examiner conducts a survey or field investigation of the subject parcels or related parcels or other parcels of land, they may have the parcel boundary examiner or their official referred to in Article 134, paragraph (4) (hereinafter referred to as "parcel boundary examiner, etc." in this Article) enter another person's land.

②If the Director of a Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau intends to have the parcel boundary examiner, etc. enter another person's land pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, they must give notice to the possessor of the land to that effect together with the date and place of the entry in advance.

③Where a person intends to enter, pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), residential land or land in the possession of another person which is enclosed with hedges, fences or other barriers, upon entry, the person must notify the possessor of the relevant land to that effect in advance.

④No entry may be made onto the land prescribed in the preceding paragraph before sunrise or after sunset, unless the possessor of the land gives consent.

⑤The possessor of the land must not refuse or obstruct the entry under the provisions of paragraph (1) without justifiable grounds.

⑥When making an entry under the provisions of paragraph (1), the parcel boundary examiner, etc. must carry their identification card and present it if requested to do so by any person concerned.

⑦If the entry under the provisions of paragraph (1) has caused any person to suffer a loss, the State must compensate the person who has suffered a loss for the loss that would ordinarily arise.

If they find it necessary for parcel boundary demarcation, the Director of a Legal Affairs Bureau or District Legal Affairs Bureau may request the head of a relevant administrative organ, the head of a relevant local public entity, or a relevant public or private organization to submit materials and provide other necessary cooperation.

①If an application for parcel boundary demarcation is filed, the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation and the related persons may submit a registrar their opinions or materials with regard to the parcel boundary between the subject parcels. In this case, if a registrar for parcel boundary demarcation has specifies a reasonable period during which the opinions or materials should be submitted, submission must be made within the period.

②The submission of opinions or materials under the provisions of the preceding paragraph may be made by electronic or magnetic means (meaning a method using an electronic data processing system or any other method of using information and communications technology which is specified by Ministry of Justice Order).

①If an application for parcel boundary demarcation is filed, during the period after giving public notice under the provisions of the main clause of Article 133, paragraph (1) and before making a parcel boundary demarcation, a registrar for parcel boundary demarcation must provide the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation and the related persons with the opportunity to state their opinions or submit materials (including an electronic or magnetic record) with regard to the parcel boundary between the subject parcels, while giving notice to those persons of the date and place of the hearing or submission in advance.

②On the date referred to in the preceding paragraph, a registrar for parcel boundary demarcation may have a person whom they consider appropriate state the facts known to the person as a witness,

③A parcel boundary examiner is to be in attendance on the date referred to in paragraph (1). In this case, with the permission of the registrar for parcel boundary demarcation, the parcel boundary examiner may ask questions to the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation or any related person or witness.

④A registrar for parcel boundary examiner must prepare a record stating the development on the date referred to in paragraph (1) and clarify the gist of the statements in the record made by the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation or the related person or witness on the date.

⑤The record referred to in the preceding paragraph may be prepared in the form of an electronic or magnetic record.

⑥The provisions of Article 133, paragraph (2) apply mutatis mutandis to the notice under the provisions of paragraph (1).

①During the period after public notice has been given under the provisions of the main clause of Article 133, paragraph (1) until notice is given to the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation pursuant to the provisions of Article 144, paragraph (1), the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation and related persons may make a request to the registrar for parcel boundary demarcation for the inspection of the record which has been prepared and the materials which have been submitted in the procedure for parcel boundary demarcation (in the case of those in the form of electronic or magnetic records, the content of the recorded information that is indicated by a method specified by Ministry of Justice Order). In this case, the registrar for parcel boundary demarcation may not refuse the inspection unless the inspection is likely to harm the interest of any third party or there are other justifiable grounds for refusal.

②The registrar for parcel boundary demarcation may designate the date and place of the inspection referred to in the preceding paragraph.

After the date referred to in Article 140, paragraph (1), if a parcel boundary examiner has finished the examination of facts necessary for parcel boundary demarcation for the subject parcels, they must submit their opinions on parcel boundary demarcation for the subject parcels to the registrar for parcel boundary demarcation without delay.

①If a parcel boundary examiner has submitted their opinions pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, the registrar for parcel boundary demarcation must make a parcel boundary demarcation for the subject parcels, while referring to the opinions and comprehensively taking into consideration the content of the registration records, maps or drawings equivalent to maps and the annexed documents of the registers, the topography, land category, land area and shape of each of the subject parcels and the related parcels, in addition to whether or not there is any structure, fence or boundary marker and other conditions on those parcels of land and how these facilities have been installed, and other circumstances concerned, and must prepare a written report of parcel boundary demarcation stating the conclusion of the parcel boundary demarcation and the gist of the reasons therefor.

②A written report of parcel boundary demarcation must indicate the content of the parcel boundary demarcation by a drawing and a method specified by Ministry of Justice Order as the method for indicating the actual position on site of each point on the drawing.

③A written report of parcel boundary demarcation may be prepared in the form of an electronic or magnetic record.

①A registrar for parcel boundary demarcation must, if they have made a parcel boundary demarcation, give notice of the content of the written report of parcel boundary demarcation to the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation by the method to issue a copy of a written report of parcel boundary demarcation (if the written report of parcel boundary demarcation is prepared in the form of an electronic or magnetic record, by a method specified by Ministry of Justice Order) without delay, and also give both public notice and notice to the related persons to the effect that a parcel boundary demarcation has been made, as provided for by Ministry of Justice Order.

②The provisions of Article 133, paragraph (2) apply mutatis mutandis to the notice under the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

Where notice is given to the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, the records of the parcel boundary demarcation procedure (hereinafter referred to as the "parcel boundary demarcation procedure records") are retained at the registry office that has jurisdiction over the location of the subject parcels.

①The applicant for parcel boundary demarcation is to bear the costs for a survey and other costs specified by Ministry of Justice Order which are incurred in the procedure for parcel boundary demarcation (hereinafter referred to as the "procedural costs").

②When there are two applicants for a parcel boundary demarcation, if one of those applicants is the registered holder of ownership or other owner for either of the subject parcels and the other applicant is the registered holder of ownership or other owner for the other subject parcel, those applicants for a parcel boundary demarcation are to bear the procedural costs equally.

③When there are two or more applicants for a parcel boundary demarcation, if all of them are the registered holder of ownership or other owner for one of the subject parcels, those applicants for parcel boundary demarcation bear the procedural costs according to their shares (the share referred to in Article 59, item (iv) if there is a registration of ownership relating to the subject parcel, or the share referred to in Article 27, item (iii) if there is no registration of ownership relating to the subject parcel; the same applies in the following paragraph).

④When there are three or more applicants for parcel boundary demarcation, if one or two of those applicants are the registered holders of ownership or other owner for one of the subject parcels, and the other applicants are the registered holders of ownership or other owner for the other subject parcel, one of those applicants for parcel boundary demarcation who is the single registered holder of ownership or other owner for one of the subject parcels bears the amount equivalent to half of the procedural costs, and the two or more applicants for parcel boundary demarcation who are the joint registered holders of ownership or other owner for one of the subject parcels bear the amount equivalent to half of the procedural costs according to their shares.

⑤A registrar for parcel boundary demarcation must have the applicant for parcel boundary demarcation prepay the estimated amount of the procedural costs.

When a parcel boundary demarcation is made, if an action is filed to seek a determination of a parcel boundary through civil proceedings with regard to the parcel boundary pertaining to the parcel boundary demarcation, in order to clarify the matters related to the suit pertaining to the action, the court may commission a registrar to send the parcel boundary demarcation procedure records concerning the parcel boundary demarcation. The same applies where an action is filed to seek a determination of a parcel boundary demarcation through civil proceedings, and subsequently a parcel boundary demarcation is made with regard to the parcel boundary addressed in the action.

Where a parcel boundary demarcation is made, if a judgment on an action to seek a determination of a parcel boundary filed through civil proceedings with regard to the parcel boundary pertaining to the parcel boundary demarcation becomes final and binding, the parcel boundary demarcation ceases to be effective to the extent that it conflicts with the relevant judgment.

①By paying fees, any person may make a request to a registrar for the issuance of a copy of a written report of parcel boundary demarcation or the whole or part of drawings specified by Cabinet Order, which are included in the parcel boundary procedure records (hereinafter referred to as a "written report of parcel boundary demarcation, etc." in this Article and Article 154) (if the written report of parcel boundary demarcation, etc. is prepared in the form of an electronic or magnetic record, a document certifying the content of the recorded information).

②By paying fees, any person may make a request to a registrar for the inspection of parcel boundary demarcation procedure records (in the case of those prepared in the form of an electronic or magnetic record, the content of the recorded information that is indicated by a method specified by Ministry of Justice Order); provided, however, that except for the written report of parcel boundary demarcation, etc., the inspection is limited to the part in which the requester has an interest.

③The provisions of Article 119, paragraphs (3) and (4) apply mutatis mutandis to the fees referred to in the preceding two paragraphs.

Beyond what is provided for in this Chapter, the method for providing application information for parcel boundary demarcation, the disclosure of parcel boundary demarcation procedure records, and other necessary matters concerning the procedure for parcel boundary demarcation are specified by Ministry of Justice Order.