一laws and regulations:meaning laws, orders based on laws (including public notices), Prefectural Ordinances or Municipal Ordinances, and rules of the executive agencies of local governments (including regulations; referred to as "rules" below);

二dispositions:meaning administrative dispositions or other acts constituting the exercise of public authority by administrative agencies;

三applications:meaning requests made based on laws and regulations, for permission, approval, licenses, or other dispositions by an administrative agency for gaining some benefit for the applicant oneself (referred to as "permission or other approvals" below), which are requests that the administrative agencies should respond to in the affirmative or negative;

四adverse dispositions: meaning dispositions in which an administrative agency based on laws and regulations, designate specified persons as the person subject to the disposition and directly impose obligations upon them or limit their rights; provided, however, that the dispositions that fall under any of the following dispositions are excluded:

イde facto acts and dispositions as procedures that are required by laws and regulations for clarifying the scope, timing or other factors in performing the de facto acts;

ロdispositions that refuse the permission or other approvals requested through applications and other dispositions that are rendered based on applications, which designate the persons who filed the applications as the persons subject to the disposition;

ハdispositions rendered with the consent of the persons who are to be persons subject to the disposition;

ニdispositions which nullify the effect of a permission or other approvals, which are rendered because there has been a notification that the facts on which the applicable permission or other approvals had been based have ceased to exist;

五administrative organs: meaning the organs stated in the following sub-items:

イorgans established under the Cabinet or under the jurisdiction of the Cabinet based on the provisions of laws, the Imperial Household Agency, organs provided for in Article 49, paragraph (1) or (2) of the Act for Establishment of the Cabinet Office (Act No. 89 of 1999), organs provided for in Article 3, paragraph (2) of the National Government Organization Act (Act No. 120 of 1948), the Board of Audit or organs established under those organs, or the employees of those organs that are authorized by laws to independently exercise authority; and

ロorgans of local governments (excluding assemblies).

六administrative guidance:meaning guidance, recommendations, advice, or other acts by an administrative organ seeking certain actions or inactions on the part of specified persons in order to realize certain administrative aims within the scope of its duties or processes under its jurisdiction, which do not fall under dispositions;

七notifications:meaning acts performed to notify administrative agencies of certain matters (excluding those that fall under applications) which are directly obligated by laws and regulations to give the notifications (including those for which the notifications should be given in order to bring about certain legal effects the person anticipates);

八administrative orders or other orders: the orders stated in the following sub-items which are established by the Cabinet or administrative organs:

イorders based on laws (including public notices that prescribe the requirements of a disposition; simply referred to as "orders" in paragraph (2) of the following Article) or rules;

ロreview standards (meaning the standards that are necessary for judging whether or not to grant a permission or other approvals sought by an application in accordance with the provisions of those laws and regulations; the same applies below);

ハdisposition standards (meaning the standards that are necessary for judging whether or not to render adverse dispositions or the kind of adverse dispositions to be rendered; the same applies below); and

ニadministrative guidance guidelines (meaning the matters that are to be the common content of administrative guidance when seeking to issue administrative guidance to multiple persons that meet certain conditions in order to achieve the same administrative aim; the same applies below).

一a disposition rendered through a resolution of both Houses or one House of the Diet, or resolution by a local council;

二a disposition rendered by the judgment of a court or a judge, or rendered as enforcement of judicial decisions;

三a disposition that is required to be rendered through a resolution of both Houses or one House of the Diet or through resolution by a local council, or through obtaining the consent or approval of the Houses or the council;

四a disposition that is required to be decided by the Audit Commission and administrative guidance to be issued during account audits;

五a disposition rendered and administrative guidance issued by public prosecutor, a public prosecutor's assistant officer, or a judicial police official based on laws and regulations related to criminal cases;

六a disposition rendered and administrative guidance issued by the Commissioner of the National Tax Agency, Regional Commissioner of a Regional Taxation Bureau, District Director of a tax office, the relevant officials of the National Tax Agency, a Regional Taxation Bureau, or a tax office, Director-General of Japan Customs, customs officials, or tax collectors (including persons that perform the duties of those officials based on the provisions of other laws and regulations) based on laws and regulations related to criminal cases involving national or local tax offenses (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to other laws and regulations), and dispositions rendered and administrative guidance issued by the Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission, its employees (including persons deemed to be its employee pursuant to the provisions of the laws and regulations), a director-general of a Local Finance Bureau, or a directors-general of a Local Finance Branch Bureau based on laws and regulations related to criminal cases involving financial instruments transactions (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to other laws and regulations);

七a disposition rendered and administrative guidance issued in schools, training schools, training centers, or training institutes to students, pupils, children or toddlers or their custodians, course participants, or trainees in order to achieve the purpose of education, schooling, or training;

八a disposition rendered and administrative guidance issued in order to achieve the purpose of accommodation in prisons, juvenile prisons, jails, detention facilities, Coast Guard detention facilities, juvenile training schools, or juvenile classification homes;

九a disposition rendered and administrative guidance issued to public employees (meaning the national public employees prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the National Public Service Act (Act No. 120 of 1947) and local public employees prescribed in Article 3, paragraph (1) of the Local Public Service Act (Act No. 261 of 1950); the same applies below) or former public employees regarding their duties or status;

十a disposition and administrative guidance concerning emigration and immigration of foreign nationals, recognition of refugee status prescribed in Article 61-2, paragraph (1) of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act (Cabinet Order No. 319 of 1951), recognition of status of persons eligible for complementary protection prescribed in paragraph (2) of that Article, and naturalization;

十一a disposition concerning results of examinations or certification examinations on a person's academic knowledge and skills;

十二a ruling or other dispositions (limited to cases in which both parties are subject to the rulings or dispositions) rendered and administrative guidance issued based on the provisions of laws and regulations for the purpose of adjusting the interests between persons with conflicting interests;

十三a disposition rendered and administrative guidance issued at the site where events concerning public health, environmental protection, prevention of epidemics, preservation of public safety, and other public interests arise or are likely to arise by police officers or coast guard officers, or other employees who have been given who have been directly given authority under laws to ensure these public interests;

十四a disposition that order the submission of reports or articles, and other dispositions rendered and administrative guidance issued for the direct purpose of collecting information necessary for the performance of duties;

十五an administrative determination, decision, and other dispositions rendered by administrative agencies for requests for review, requests for re-investigation, and other appeals; and,

十六a disposition rendered or administrative guidance issued based on laws and regulations for procedures of the dispositions prescribed in the preceding item, procedures for hearings or for granting the opportunity for explanation prescribed in Chapter III, and other procedures for statement of opinions.

一Cabinet Orders which provide for the effective date of laws;

二the order concerning a pardon;

三the order or rule when acts specifying orders or rules fall under a disposition;

四the order or rule that designates facilities, sections, areas, and other matters similar to them pursuant to the provisions of laws;

五administrative orders or other orders concerning salaries, working hours, and other working conditions of public employees; or

六the review standards, disposition standards, or administrative guidance guidelines, other than those made available to the public by the provisions of laws and regulations, as established practice, or the decision of organs that establish administrative orders or other orders.

一corporations directly established by laws or established by special act of establishment pursuant to the provisions of special laws; and,

二corporations that are established by special laws, and, among the corporations that require the approval of an administrative agency for their establishment, those whose business is designated by Cabinet Order as being closely related to the administrative operations of the national government or local governments, .

一administrative orders or other orders that provide for the establishment, the scope of affairs under jurisdiction, and other matters concerning the organization, of the national government or local governments;

二administrative orders or other orders that provide for the Record of Imperial Lineage referred to in Article 26 of the Imperial House Act (Act No. 3 of 1947) and other matters concerning the personal status of the Emperor and members of the Imperial Family;

三administrative orders or other orders that provide for the manners, uniform regulations, education and training, commendation and remuneration for public employees, and competitive examinations among the public employees;

四administrative orders or other orders that provide for the budget, settlement of accounts, and accounting of the national government or local governments (excluding administrative orders or other orders that provide for the qualifications of bid participants, bid deposits, and other matters concerning the counterparties of the contract with the national government or local governments or the persons who seek to become the counterparties), and administrative orders or other orders that provide for the management of the property and articles of the national government or local governments (excluding administrative orders or other orders that provide for lending, exchanging, selling, transferring, entrusting the property or articles, or using them as subject of contribution, or establishing private rights on those acts, which provide for the matters concerning the counterparties of those acts or the persons who seek to become the counterparties);

五administrative orders or other orders that provide for auditing;

六administrative orders or other orders that provide for the relationship between organs of the national government, and administrative orders or other orders that provide for the relationship between the national government and ordinary local public entities and the mutual relationship between ordinary local governments, prescribed in Part II, Chapter XII of the Local Autonomy Act (Act No. 67 of 1947), and other relationships between the national government and local governments and mutual relationship between local governments (including administrative orders or other orders concerning the dispositions to which the provisions of this Act do not apply pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article); or

七administrative orders or other orders that provide for the officers and employees, scope of business, financial affairs and accounting, and other matters concerning organization, operation, and management of the corporations prescribed in each item of paragraph (2) (excluding administrative orders or other orders related to dispositions rendered to those corporations that order the dissolution of the corporations or to revoke the approval for the establishment of the corporations, or to dismiss the officers or the employees engaged in the operation of the corporations).