A prefectural governor, a city mayor, or a mayor of a town or village managing an office concerning welfare (hereinafter referred to as a "welfare office") prescribed in the Social Welfare Act (Act No. 45 of 1951) (a city mayor and such mayor of a town or village shall be collectively referred to as a "municipal mayor") shall decide on and implement public assistance, pursuant to the provisions of this Act, for the following persons:
都道府県知事、市長及び社会福祉法（昭和二十六年法律第四十五号）に規定する福祉に関する事務所（以下「福祉事務所」という。）を管理する町村長は、次に掲げる者に対して、この法律の定めるところにより、保護を決定し、かつ、実施しなければならない。
Any person requiring public assistance whose place of residence is within the jurisdictional district of the welfare office under the management of the prefectural governor or municipal mayor
Any person requiring public assistance who does not have a place of residence or whose place of residence is unclear and whose current location is within the jurisdictional district of the welfare office under the management of the prefectural governor or municipal mayor
Even when the place of residence of a person requiring public assistance is clear, if said person is under urgent circumstances, public assistance for said person shall be provided by the prefectural governor or the municipal mayor managing the welfare office having jurisdiction over the current location of said person, notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, until the urgent circumstances cease to exist.
In the case of having a public assistance recipient admitted into a relief facility, a rehabilitation facility or any other appropriate facility, or entrusting such admission to any such facility, or entrusting nursing care to the home of a private individual pursuant to the proviso to Article 30, paragraph (1), the person who should provide public assistance to said person while said admission or entrustment remains valid shall be decided based on the place of residence or the current location of said person prior to said admission or entrustment.
The person who should provide public assistance pursuant to the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs (hereinafter referred to as the "public assistance administrator") may delegate all or a part of the affairs concerning decisions about and implementation of public assistance, but only to an administrative agency under his/her management.
A public assistance administrator shall not be precluded from entrusting a part of the affairs concerning decisions about and implementation of public assistance to another public assistance administrator pursuant to the provisions of a Cabinet Order.
The mayor of a town or village without a welfare office (hereinafter referred to as the "mayor of a town or village") shall provide the necessary public assistance, as emergency treatment, to a person requiring public assistance within the district of that town or village who is in such a state that he/she cannot be left unattended due to particularly urgent circumstances.
The mayor of a town or village shall carry out the following matters in order to ensure the appropriate execution of public assistance affairs conducted by the public assistance administrator or the head of the welfare office (hereinafter referred to as the "welfare office director"):
On discovering a person requiring public assistance or discovering any change to the livelihood or any other circumstances of a public assistance recipient, the mayor of a town or village shall promptly inform the public assistance administrator or the welfare office director to that effect.
On receiving an application for the commencement of or a change to public assistance pursuant to the provisions of Article 24, paragraph (10), the mayor of a town or village shall send said application to the public assistance administrator.
On being requested by the public assistance administrator or the welfare office director, the mayor of a town or village shall deliver a public assistance benefit to a public assistance recipient, etc.
On being requested by the public assistance administrator or the welfare office director, the mayor of a town or village shall carry out an investigation concerning a person requiring public assistance.
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