From the perspective of promoting the use of over-the-counter drugs, etc. (meaning drugs requiring guidance prescribed in Article 4, paragraph (5), item (iii) of the Act on Securing Quality, Efficacy and Safety of Products Including Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices (Act No. 145 of 1960) and, over-the-counter drugs prescribed in item (iv) of that paragraph; and pharmacy-manufactured drugs (meaning the drugs listed in Article 2, paragraph (17), item (iii) of that Act; the same applies in item (i)); hereinafter the same applies through in this paragraph (3)and the following paragraph) that are particularly highly substitutable for drugs provided as medical treatment benefits pursuant to the provisions of the medical insurance Acts, etc. (meaning the medical insurance Acts prescribed in Article 7, paragraph (1) of the Act on Assurance of Medical Care for Elderly People and the Act on Assurance of Medical Care for Elderly People; hereinafter the same applies in this paragraph) (referred to as "drugs for medical care" in item (i) of the following paragraph), and of over-the-counter drugs, etc. whose use is found to be remarkably highly effective in rationalizing the cost of medical care benefits under medical insurance (meaning the costs required for medical treatment benefits under the provisions of the medical insurance Acts, etc.; the same applies in the items of the following paragraph), where a resident has paid, duringwithin the period from January 1, 2017 specified in each of the following items according to December 31, 2026the category of the cost of purchasing specified over-the-counter drugs, etc. listed in those items, the cost of purchasing specified over-the-counter drugs, etc. for the resident or for the resident's spouse or other relative whose living expenses are paid from the same resources as the resident, and the resident has undertaken during that year an initiative specified by Cabinet Order as an initiative for the maintenance and promotion of health and the prevention of disease, the resident may, at the resident's option, with regard to the medical expense deduction prescribed in Article 73, paragraph (3) of the Income Tax Act for that year, apply the provisions of paragraph (1) of that Article, deeming the phrase "each year" in that paragraph to be replaced with "each year from 2017 to 2026", the phrase "medical expenses for" to be replaced with "within the cost of purchasingperiod specified over-the-counter drugs, etc. prescribed inin each item of Article 41-17, paragraph (1) (Special Provisions on Medical Expense Deduction Where the Cost of Purchasing Specified Over-the-Counter Drugs, etc. Is Paid) of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Taxation according to the category of the cost of purchasing specified over-the-counter drugs, etc. prescribed in that paragraph listed in those items", the phrase "medical expenses for" to be replaced with "the cost of purchasing specified over-the-counter drugs, etc. prescribed in that paragraph for", the phrase "those medical expenses" to be replaced with "that cost of purchasing specified over-the-counter drugs, etc.", the phrase "the amount equivalent to 5 percent of the sum of the amount of gross income, the amount of retirement income and the amount of timber income of the resident for that year (or 100,000 yen, if that amount exceeds 100,000 yen)" to be replaced with "12,000 yen", and the phrase "2,000,000 yen" to be replaced with "88,000 yen". In this case, the phrase "paragraph (1)" in paragraph (3) of that Article is deemed to be replaced with "paragraph (1) (including as applied pursuant to the provisions of Article 41-17, paragraph (1) of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Taxation)".
医療保険各法等（高齢者の医療の確保に関する法律第七条第一項に規定する医療保険各法及び高齢者の医療の確保に関する法律をいう。以下この項において同じ。）の規定により療養の給付として支給される薬剤（次項第一号において「医療用薬剤」という。）との代替性が特に高い一般用医薬品等（医薬品、医療機器等の品質、有効性及び安全性の確保等に関する法律（昭和三十五年法律第百四十五号）第四条第五項第三号に規定する要指導医薬品及び、同項第四号に規定する一般用医薬品及び薬局製造販売医薬品（同法第二条第十七項第三号に掲げる医薬品をいう。以下第三項まで第一号において同じ。）をいう。以下この項及び次項において同じ。）及びその使用による医療保険療養給付費（医療保険各法等の規定による療養の給付に要する費用をいう。次項各号において同じ。）の適正化の効果が著しく高いと認められる一般用医薬品等の使用を推進する観点から、居住者が平成二十九年一月一日から令和八年十二月三十一日までの間次の各号に掲げる特定一般用医薬品等購入費の区分に応じ当該各号に定める期間内に自己又は自己と生計を一にする配偶者その他の親族に係る特定一般用医薬品等購入費を支払つた場合において当該居住者がその年中に健康の保持増進及び疾病の予防への取組として政令で定める取組を行つているときにおけるその年分の所得税法第七十三条第三項に規定する医療費控除については、その者の選択により、同条第一項中「各年」とあるのは「平成二十九年から令和八年までの各年」と、「医療費を」とあるのは「租税特別措置法第四十一条の十七第一項各号（特定一般用医薬品等購入費を支払つた場合の医療費控除の特例）に掲げる同項に規定する特定一般用医薬品等購入費の区分に応じ当該各号に定める期間内の各年」と、「医療費を」とあるのは「同項に規定する特定一般用医薬品等購入費を」と、「医療費の」とあるのは「特定一般用医薬品等購入費の」と、「その居住者のその年分の総所得金額、退職所得金額及び山林所得金額の合計額の百分の五に相当する金額（当該金額が十万円を超える場合には、十万円）」とあるのは「一万二千円」と、「二百万円」とあるのは「八万八千円」として、同項の規定を適用することができる。この場合において、同条第三項中「第一項」とあるのは、「第一項（租税特別措置法第四十一条の十七第一項の規定により適用する場合を含む。）」とする。