Where the point at issue in an action concerning a legal relationship under private law is the existence or non-existence of or validity or invalidity of an original administrative disposition or administrative determination, the provisions of Article 23, paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), and Article 39 apply mutatis mutandis.
Where an administrative authority has intervened in an action pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the provisions of Article 45, paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) of the Code of Civil Procedure apply mutatis mutandis; provided, however, that allegations and evidence that may be advanced are limited to those concerning the existence or non-existence of or validity or invalidity of the original administrative disposition or administrative determination.
When, after an administrative authority has intervened in an action pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), there is no longer a dispute over the existence or non-existence of or validity or invalidity of the original administrative disposition or administrative determination, the court may revoke the order of intervention.
In the case referred to in paragraph (1), the provisions of Article 23-2 and Article 24 apply mutatis mutandis to the point at issue, and the provisions of Article 35 apply to a judicial decision on the burden of court costs.