# 中小企業倒産防止共済法 / Act on Mutual Relief System for the Prevention of Bankruptcies of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises — 第十八条 (Article 18) This is the Markdown twin of https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-18. Every law, and how to address a provision: https://japanlaw.org/llms.txt. The same laws as MCP tools (no sign-in): https://japanlaw.org/mcp. - Law: 中小企業倒産防止共済法 (Act on Mutual Relief System for the Prevention of Bankruptcies of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises), 昭和五十二年法律第八十四号 - English title "Act on Mutual Relief System for the Prevention of Bankruptcies of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises": Ministry of Justice translation database, which lists the title - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第十八条 (Article 18)（先取特権） — address `art-18` - Text in force since: 2020-04-01 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-18 - e-Gov law ID: 352AC0000000084 — never renamed. A permanent link, `/l/{lawId}/{address}` on this site, redirects to the page. - Every provision below carries its address and its URL on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第十八条（先取特権） — Statutory Lien caption: machine translation, not official art-18 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-18 **第一項** 解約手当金又は完済手当金の支給を受ける権利を有する者は、解約手当金にあつては第十一条第三項に定める解約手当金の額（機構が当該解約手当金の額から同条第五項の規定によりその額を控除することができる金銭があるときは、当該解約手当金の額からその金銭の額を控除した残額）、完済手当金にあつては第十一条の二第三項に定める完済手当金の額（機構が当該完済手当金の額から同条第四項の規定によりその額を控除することができる金銭があるときは、当該完済手当金の額からその金銭の額を控除した残額）につき、機構の財産について他の債権者に先だつて弁済を受ける権利を有する。 art-18/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-18/par-1 A person entitled to receive payment of a cancellation refund or full repayment allowance has the right to be paid, in preference to other creditors, out of the property of the Organization, in the case of a cancellation refund, the amount of the cancellation refund prescribed in Article 11, paragraph (3) (where there is money that the Organization may deduct from the amount of that cancellation refund pursuant to paragraph (5) of that Article, the remainder after deducting the amount of that money from the amount of that cancellation refund), and in the case of a full repayment allowance, the amount of the full repayment allowance prescribed in Article 11-2, paragraph (3) (where there is money that the Organization may deduct from the amount of that full repayment allowance pursuant to paragraph (4) of that Article, the remainder after deducting the amount of that money from the amount of that full repayment allowance). machine translation, not official **第二項** 前項に規定する解約手当金の額の算定については、第十一条第四項中「貸付けを受け又は受けることとなつた共済金」とあるのは、「貸付けを受けた共済金」と読み替えて同項を適用するものとする。 art-18/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-18/par-2 With regard to the calculation of the amount of the cancellation refund prescribed in the preceding paragraph, Article 11, paragraph (4) applies with the phrase "mutual aid benefits already lent or to be lent" in that paragraph deemed to be replaced with "mutual aid benefits already lent". machine translation, not official **第三項** 第一項の先取特権の順位は、民法（明治二十九年法律第八十九号）の規定による一般の先取特権に次ぐものとする。 art-18/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-18/par-3 The order of precedence of the statutory lien under paragraph (1) ranks next after the general statutory liens under the provisions of the Civil Code (Act No. 89 of 1896). machine translation, not official --- ## Cites - art-18/par-1: 第十一条第三項 → 中小企業倒産防止共済法 第十一条第三項 (Article 11, paragraph (3)), art-11/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-11/par-3 - art-18/par-1: 同条第五項 → 中小企業倒産防止共済法 第十一条第五項 (Article 11, paragraph (5)), art-11/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-11/par-5 - art-18/par-1: 第十一条の二第三項 → 中小企業倒産防止共済法 第十一条の二第三項 (Article 11-2, paragraph (3)), art-11-2/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-11-2/par-3 - art-18/par-1: 同条第四項 → 中小企業倒産防止共済法 第十一条の二第四項 (Article 11-2, paragraph (4)), art-11-2/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-11-2/par-4 - art-18/par-2: 前項 → 中小企業倒産防止共済法 第十八条第一項 (Article 18, paragraph (1)), art-18/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-18/par-1 - art-18/par-2: 第十一条第四項 → 中小企業倒産防止共済法 第十一条第四項 (Article 11, paragraph (4)), art-11/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-11/par-4 - art-18/par-3: 第一項 → 中小企業倒産防止共済法 第十八条第一項 (Article 18, paragraph (1)), art-18/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-18/par-1 ## Cited by 2 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 中小企業倒産防止共済法 第十八条第二項（先取特権） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-18/par-2 - 中小企業倒産防止共済法 第十八条第三項（先取特権） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act/art-18/par-3 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 中小企業倒産防止共済法 — the text in force from 2020-04-01 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/352AC0000000084/20200401_429AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-11-06 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — 中小企業倒産防止共済法 — its English title as the Ministry of Justice's translation database lists it (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/1056), retrieved 2026-10-07 - claude-sonnet-5-5 — Machine translation, batch sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act-20261106T173426-004, translated 2026-11-07 - claude-sonnet-5-5 — Machine translation, batch sme-bankruptcy-prevention-act-20261106T173426-005, translated 2026-11-07 - This site's parser, version 225 — 中小企業倒産防止共済法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-11-06