# 労働基準法 / Labor Standards Act — 第十二条 (Article 12)

- Law: 労働基準法 (Labor Standards Act), 昭和二十二年法律第四十九号
- English title "Labor Standards Act": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第十二条 (Article 12) — address `art-12`
- Text in force since: 2026-07-17
- URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12
- Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12
- Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.

Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.

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### 第十二条
<sup>art-12 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12</sup>

**第一項**  この法律で平均賃金とは、これを算定すべき事由の発生した日以前三箇月間にその労働者に対し支払われた賃金の総額を、その期間の総日数で除した金額をいう。ただし、その金額は、次の各号の一によつて計算した金額を下つてはならない。
<sup>art-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-1</sup>
The term average wage as used in this Act means the amount of money calculated as the total amount of wages over the 3-month period preceding the day on which grounds for the calculation of the average wage came into existence divided by the total number of days during that period; provided, however, that the average wage must not fall below the amount calculated in accordance with any of the following items:
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **一**  賃金が、労働した日若しくは時間によつて算定され、又は出来高払制その他の請負制によつて定められた場合においては、賃金の総額をその期間中に労働した日数で除した金額の百分の六十
  <sup>art-12/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-1/item-1</sup>
  60 percent of the amount of wages calculated as the total amount of wages divided by the number of days worked during the relevant period, if wages are calculated on the basis of days or hours worked, or are determined in accordance with a piece rate or another such system under a service contract;
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **二**  賃金の一部が、月、週その他一定の期間によつて定められた場合においては、その部分の総額をその期間の総日数で除した金額と前号の金額の合算額
  <sup>art-12/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-1/item-2</sup>
  the aggregate of the amount of money calculated as the total amount of wages determined on the basis of months, weeks, or any other fixed period divided by the total number of days in that period, and the amount of money referred to in the preceding item, if a part of the wage is determined on the basis of months, weeks, or any other fixed period.
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第二項**  前項の期間は、賃金締切日がある場合においては、直前の賃金締切日から起算する。
<sup>art-12/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-2</sup>
If there is a pay period end date, the period referred to in the preceding paragraph commences on the most recent pay period end date.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第三項**  前二項に規定する期間中に、次の各号のいずれかに該当する期間がある場合においては、その日数及びその期間中の賃金は、前二項の期間及び賃金の総額から控除する。
<sup>art-12/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-3</sup>
If a period falling under one of the following items is a part of the period provided for in the preceding two paragraphs, the number of days constituting that period is deducted from the period referred to in the preceding two paragraphs and wages from during that period are deducted from the total amount of wages referred to in the preceding two paragraphs:
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **一**  業務上負傷し、又は疾病にかかり療養のために休業した期間
  <sup>art-12/par-3/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-3/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-3/item-1</sup>
  a period during which a worker was absent from work for medical treatment caused by an injury sustained or an illness contracted at work;
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **二**  産前産後の女性が第六十五条の規定によつて休業した期間
  <sup>art-12/par-3/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-3/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-3/item-2</sup>
  a period during which a female worker was absent from work before or after childbirth in accordance with the provisions of Article 65;
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **三**  使用者の責めに帰すべき事由によつて休業した期間
  <sup>art-12/par-3/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-3/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-3/item-3</sup>
  a period during which a worker was absent from work for reasons attributable to the employer;
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **四**  育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律（平成三年法律第七十六号）第二条第一号に規定する育児休業又は同条第二号に規定する介護休業（同法第六十一条第三項に規定する行政執行法人介護休業及び同法第六十一条の二第三項に規定する介護をするための休業を含む。第三十九条第十項において同じ。）をした期間
  <sup>art-12/par-3/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-3/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-3/item-4</sup>
  a period of childcare leave as prescribed in Article 2, item (i) or of caregiver leave as prescribed in item (ii) of that Article of the Act on Childcare Leave, Caregiver Leave, and Other Measures for the Welfare of Workers Caring for Children or Other Family Members (Act No. 76 of 1991) (including administrative execution agency caregiver leave as prescribed in Article 61, paragraph (3) of that Act and leave for providing care as prescribed in Article 61-2, paragraph (3) of that Act; the same applies in Article 39, paragraph (10));
  <sup>machine translation, not official</sup>

  **五**  試みの使用期間
  <sup>art-12/par-3/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-3/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-3/item-5</sup>
  a probationary period.
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第四項**  第一項の賃金の総額には、臨時に支払われた賃金及び三箇月を超える期間ごとに支払われる賃金並びに通貨以外のもので支払われた賃金で一定の範囲に属しないものは算入しない。
<sup>art-12/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-4</sup>
Wages that have been paid on an ad hoc basis, wages that are paid after every period of more than 3 months, and wages paid in a form other than currency and not falling within a certain range are not included in the calculation of the total amount of wages referred to in paragraph (1).
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第五項**  賃金が通貨以外のもので支払われる場合、第一項の賃金の総額に算入すべきものの範囲及び評価に関し必要な事項は、厚生労働省令で定める。
<sup>art-12/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-5</sup>
If wages are paid in a form other than currency, Order of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare prescribes the necessary particulars in connection with the range of the wages that are to be included in the calculation of the total amount of wages referred to in paragraph (1) and the assessment of their value.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第六項**  雇入後三箇月に満たない者については、第一項の期間は、雇入後の期間とする。
<sup>art-12/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-6</sup>
For a worker who has been hired for less than 3 months, the period referred to in paragraph (1) means the period after that worker's hiring.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第七項**  日日雇い入れられる者については、その従事する事業又は職業について、厚生労働大臣の定める金額を平均賃金とする。
<sup>art-12/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-7</sup>
The average wage for a person hired on a day-to-day basis is prescribed by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare according to the kind of business or occupation in which that person is engaged.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第八項**  第一項乃至第六項によつて算定し得ない場合の平均賃金は、厚生労働大臣の定めるところによる。
<sup>art-12/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-8</sup>
If an average wage cannot be calculated in accordance with paragraphs (1) through (6), the average wage is as prescribed by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

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## Cites
- art-12/par-1/item-2: 前号 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項第一号 (Article 12, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-12/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-1/item-1
- art-12/par-2: 前項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-3: 前二項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-3: 前二項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第二項 (Article 12, paragraph (2)), art-12/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-2
- art-12/par-3/item-2: 第六十五条 → 労働基準法 第六十五条 (Article 65), art-65 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-65 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-65
- art-12/par-3/item-4: 育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律（平成三年法律第七十六号）第二条第一号 → 育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律 第二条第一項第一号 (Article 2, paragraph (1), item (i)), art-2/par-1/item-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/childcare-and-family-care-leave-act/art-2/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/403AC0000000076/art-2/par-1/item-1
- art-12/par-3/item-4: 同条第二号 → 育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律 第二条第一項第二号 (Article 2, paragraph (1), item (ii)), art-2/par-1/item-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/childcare-and-family-care-leave-act/art-2/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/403AC0000000076/art-2/par-1/item-2
- art-12/par-3/item-4: 同法第六十一条第三項 → 育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律 第六十一条第三項 (Article 61, paragraph (3)), art-61/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/childcare-and-family-care-leave-act/art-61/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/403AC0000000076/art-61/par-3
- art-12/par-3/item-4: 同法第六十一条の二第三項 → 育児休業、介護休業等育児又は家族介護を行う労働者の福祉に関する法律 第六十一条の二第三項 (Article 61-2, paragraph (3)), art-61-2/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/childcare-and-family-care-leave-act/art-61-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/403AC0000000076/art-61-2/par-3
- art-12/par-3/item-4: 第三十九条第十項 → 労働基準法 第三十九条第十項 (Article 39, paragraph (10)), art-39/par-10 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-39/par-10 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-39/par-10
- art-12/par-4: 第一項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-5: 第一項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-6: 第一項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第一項 (Article 12, paragraph (1)), art-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-1
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第二項 (Article 12, paragraph (2)), art-12/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-2
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第三項 (Article 12, paragraph (3)), art-12/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-3
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第四項 (Article 12, paragraph (4)), art-12/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-4
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第五項 (Article 12, paragraph (5)), art-12/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-5
- art-12/par-8: 第一項乃至第六項 → 労働基準法 第十二条第六項 (Article 12, paragraph (6)), art-12/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-6

## Cited by

13 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction.

- 労働基準法 第十二条第一項第二号 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-1/item-2
- 労働基準法 第十二条第二項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-2
- 労働基準法 第十二条第三項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-3
- 労働基準法 第十二条第四項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-4
- 労働基準法 第十二条第五項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-5
- 労働基準法 第十二条第六項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-6
- 労働基準法 第十二条第八項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act/art-12/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000049/art-12/par-8
- 労働基準法施行規則 第二条第一項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act-enforcement-ordinance/art-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322M40000100023/art-2/par-1
- 労働基準法施行規則 第三条第一項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act-enforcement-ordinance/art-3/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322M40000100023/art-3/par-1
- 労働基準法施行規則 第四条第一項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act-enforcement-ordinance/art-4/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322M40000100023/art-4/par-1
- 労働基準法施行規則 別表第二（身体障害等級表） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/labor-standards-act-enforcement-ordinance/appdx-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322M40000100023/appdx-2
- 労働者災害補償保険法 第八条第一項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/industrial-accident-insurance-act/art-8/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000050/art-8/par-1
- 労働者災害補償保険法 第八条第二項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/industrial-accident-insurance-act/art-8/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/322AC0000000050/art-8/par-2

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## Sources

- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 労働基準法 — the text in force from 2026-07-17 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/322AC0000000049/20260717_508AC0000000060), retrieved 2026-09-27
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Labor Standards Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4913/tb), retrieved 2026-09-27
- claude-opus-5[1m] — Machine translation, batch labor-standards-act-001, translated 2026-09-11
- This site's parser, version 211 — 労働基準法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-09-27