# 出入国管理及び難民認定法 / Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act — 第六十一条の二の十三 (Article 61-2-13) This is the Markdown twin of https://japanlaw.org/ja/immigration-control-act/art-61-2-13. Every law, and how to address a provision: https://japanlaw.org/llms.txt. The same laws as MCP tools (no sign-in): https://japanlaw.org/mcp. - Law: 出入国管理及び難民認定法 (Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act), 昭和二十六年政令第三百十九号 - English title "Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Issued as a Cabinet Order and given the force of an Act, which is why its number says 政令: Some rules made during the Allied occupation were issued as Cabinet Orders, as orders implementing Japan's acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration, and an Act passed in 1952 gave them the force of an Act. They keep the Cabinet Order number they were issued under, which is why e-Gov lists the law as an Act while its number says 政令 (Cabinet Order). The Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act (出入国管理及び難民認定法) is one: it was promulgated in 1951 as the Immigration Control Order (出入国管理令), Cabinet Order No. 319 of 1951, has had the force of an Act under Article 4 of Act No. 126 of 1952, took its present title on 1 January 1982, and every amendment on e-Gov's record of it was made by an Act. - Provision: 第六十一条の二の十三 (Article 61-2-13)（難民審査参与員） — address `art-61-2-13` - Text in force since: 2026-10-01 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/immigration-control-act/art-61-2-13 - e-Gov law ID: 326CO0000000319 — never renamed. A permanent link, `/l/{lawId}/{address}` on this site, redirects to the page. - Every provision below carries its address and its URL on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第六十一条の二の十三（難民審査参与員） — (Refugee Examination Counselors) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-61-2-13 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/immigration-control-act/art-61-2-13 **第一項** 法務省に、前条第一項の規定による審査請求について、難民の認定又は補完的保護対象者の認定に関する意見を提出させるため、難民審査参与員若干人を置く。 art-61-2-13/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/immigration-control-act/art-61-2-13/par-1 The Ministry of Justice is to have in place one or more refugee examination counselors to present their opinions on the recognition of refugee status or the recognition as a person eligible for complementary protection regarding the administrative review pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article. machine translation, not official **第二項** 難民審査参与員は、人格が高潔であつて、前条第一項の審査請求に関し公正な判断をすることができ、かつ、法律又は国際情勢に関する学識経験を有する者のうちから、法務大臣が任命する。 art-61-2-13/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/immigration-control-act/art-61-2-13/par-2 The refugee examination counselors are appointed by the Minister of Justice from the persons of reputable character who are capable of making a fair judgment on the administrative review pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of the preceding Article and who have an academic background in law or international affairs. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 難民審査参与員の任期は、二年とする。ただし、再任を妨げない。 art-61-2-13/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/immigration-control-act/art-61-2-13/par-3 The term of a refugee examination counselor is 2 years, and they may be reappointed. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 難民審査参与員は、非常勤とする。 art-61-2-13/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/immigration-control-act/art-61-2-13/par-4 The refugee examination counselors are to serve on a part-time basis. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-61-2-13/par-1: 前条第一項 → 出入国管理及び難民認定法 第六十一条の二の十二第一項 (Article 61-2-12, paragraph (1)), art-61-2-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/immigration-control-act/art-61-2-12/par-1 - art-61-2-13/par-2: 前条第一項 → 出入国管理及び難民認定法 第六十一条の二の十二第一項 (Article 61-2-12, paragraph (1)), art-61-2-12/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/immigration-control-act/art-61-2-12/par-1 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 出入国管理及び難民認定法 — the text in force from 2026-10-01 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/326CO0000000319/20261001_508AC0000000032), retrieved 2026-10-05 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3624/tb), retrieved 2026-09-13 - claude-opus-5[1m] — Machine translation, batch immigration-control-act-20260913T134912-030, translated 2026-09-13 - This site's parser, version 225 — 出入国管理及び難民認定法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-05