# 災害対策基本法 / Basic Act on Disaster Management — 第百九条 (Article 109)

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- Law: 災害対策基本法 (Basic Act on Disaster Management), 昭和三十六年法律第二百二十三号
- English title "Basic Act on Disaster Management": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第百九条 (Article 109)（緊急措置） — address `art-109`
- Text in force since: 2026-11-02
- URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109
- Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109
- Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.

Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.

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### 第百九条（緊急措置） — (Emergency Measures)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-109 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109</sup>

**第一項**  災害緊急事態に際し国の経済の秩序を維持し、及び公共の福祉を確保するため緊急の必要がある場合において、国会が閉会中又は衆議院が解散中であり、かつ、臨時会の召集を決定し、又は参議院の緊急集会を求めてその措置をまついとまがないときは、内閣は、次の各号に掲げる事項について必要な措置をとるため、政令を制定することができる。
<sup>art-109/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-1</sup>
In cases where there is an urgent need to preserve the economic order of the State and to ensure the public welfare when confronted with a state of emergency disaster, when the Diet is in adjournment or the House of Representatives is in dissolution, and further, there is no time to determine to convoke an extraordinary session in the Diet or to convoke an emergency session of the House of Councilors for its action, the cabinet may enact Cabinet Order in order to take necessary measures on the matters set forth in each of the following items:
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **一**  その供給が特に不足している生活必需物資の配給又は譲渡若しくは引渡しの制限若しくは禁止
  <sup>art-109/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-1/item-1</sup>
  rationing or restriction or ban on the transfer or delivery of goods of daily necessity in critical shortage;
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **二**  災害応急対策若しくは災害復旧又は国民生活の安定のため必要な物の価格又は役務その他の給付の対価の最高額の決定
  <sup>art-109/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-1/item-2</sup>
  determining a ceiling on prices of commodities, consideration for services, and other payments for emergency disaster control measures, disaster recovery efforts, and stable lives of the citizenry;
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **三**  金銭債務の支払（賃金、災害補償の給付金その他の労働関係に基づく金銭債務の支払及びその支払のためにする銀行その他の金融機関の預金等の支払を除く。）の延期及び権利の保存期間の延長
  <sup>art-109/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-1/item-3</sup>
  deferment of monetary debts (exclusive of wages, accident compensation payments, payment of monetary debts involving labor relations, withdrawals from accounts in banks or financial institutions for the payment of deposits, etc.); extension of the duration of a creditor's rights.
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "deferment of monetary debts (exclusive of wages, compensation payments for disaster damage, payment of monetary debts involving labor relations, withdrawals from accounts in banks or financial institutions for the payment of deposits, etc.); extension of the duration of a creditor's rights." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4171/tb</sup>

**第二項**  前項の規定により制定される政令には、その政令の規定に違反した者に対して二年以下の拘禁刑、十万円以下の罰金、拘留、科料若しくは没収の刑を科し、又はこれを併科する旨の規定、法人の代表者又は法人若しくは人の代理人、使用人その他の従業者がその法人又は人の業務に関してその政令の違反行為をした場合に、その行為者を罰するほか、その法人又は人に対して各本条の罰金、科料又は没収の刑を科する旨の規定及び没収すべき物件の全部又は一部を没収することができない場合にその価額を追徴する旨の規定を設けることができる。
<sup>art-109/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-2</sup>
Cabinet Order enacted pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph may provide that any person in violation of any provision of that Cabinet Order is liable to imprisonment for not more than two years, a fine of not more than one hundred thousand yen, penal detention, a petty fine, or confiscation, or cumulative imposition of two or more penalties; that when a representative of a corporation, or any agent, employee, or other worker of either the corporation or an individual has committed a violation of that Cabinet Order with respect to the business of the corporation or the individual, the person who committed the act is punished, and in addition, a fine, petty fine, or confiscation prescribed in the respective provisions is imposed also on the corporation or the individual; and that where confiscation of objects cannot be enforced either in whole or in part, the monetary value of the objects is additionally collected.
<sup>machine translation, not official</sup>

**第三項**  内閣は、第一項の規定により政令を制定した場合において、その必要がなくなつたときは、直ちに、これを廃止しなければならない。
<sup>art-109/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-3</sup>
In cases where Cabinet Order enacted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) is no longer required, the cabinet must immediately repeal it.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第四項**  内閣は、第一項の規定により政令を制定したときは、直ちに、国会の臨時会の召集を決定し、又は参議院の緊急集会を求め、かつ、そのとつた措置をなお継続すべき場合には、その政令に代わる法律が制定される措置をとり、その他の場合には、その政令を制定したことについて承認を求めなければならない。
<sup>art-109/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-4</sup>
The cabinet must, upon enactment of Cabinet Order pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), immediately determine to convoke an extraordinary session of the Diet or to convoke an emergency session of the House of Councilors; it must further take measures to enact an Act to replace the Cabinet Order if the measures taken are to be continued, and for other cases, it must seek approval for the Cabinet Order enacted.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第五項**  第一項の規定により制定された政令は、既に廃止され、又はその有効期間が終了したものを除き、前項の国会の臨時会又は参議院の緊急集会においてその政令に代わる法律が制定されたときは、その法律の施行と同時に、その臨時会又は緊急集会においてその法律が制定されないこととなつたときは、制定されないこととなつた時に、その効力を失う。
<sup>art-109/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-5</sup>
Any Cabinet Order enacted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), unless it has already been repealed or has expired, ceases to be effective, either at the same time as the implementation of an Act which may have been enacted at an extraordinary session of the Diet or at an emergency session of the House of Councilors to replace that Cabinet Order referred to in the preceding paragraph, or at the time of a decision which may have been taken at either session not to enact such an Act to replace the Cabinet Order.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第六項**  前項の場合を除くほか、第一項の規定により制定された政令は、既に廃止され、又はその有効期間が終了したものを除き、第四項の国会の臨時会が開かれた日から起算して二十日を経過した時若しくはその臨時会の会期が終了した時のいずれか早い時に、又は同項の参議院の緊急集会が開かれた日から起算して十日を経過した時若しくはその緊急集会が終了した時のいずれか早い時にその効力を失う。
<sup>art-109/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-6</sup>
Beyond the cases described in the preceding paragraph, any Cabinet Order enacted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), unless it has already been repealed or has expired, ceases to be effective twenty days from the day of opening of an extraordinary session of the Diet provided for in paragraph (4) or upon the termination of the extraordinary session, whichever comes earlier, or ten days from the day of opening of an emergency session of the House of Councilors provided for in paragraph (4) or upon the termination of the emergency session, whichever comes earlier.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第七項**  内閣は、前二項の規定により政令がその効力を失つたときは、直ちに、その旨を告示しなければならない。
<sup>art-109/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-7</sup>
When Cabinet Order has ceased to be effective pursuant to the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, the Cabinet must immediately make a public notice to that effect.
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

**第八項**  第一項の規定により制定された政令に罰則が設けられたときは、その政令が効力を有する間に行なわれた行為に対する罰則の適用については、その政令が廃止され、若しくはその有効期間が終了し、又は第五項若しくは第六項の規定によりその効力を失つた後においても、なお従前の例による。
<sup>art-109/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-8</sup>
If penalties are provided for in Cabinet Order enacted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1), prior laws continue to govern in application of penalties to acts committed while the Cabinet Order remained in effect, even after the Cabinet Order has been repealed, has expired, or it has ceased to be effective pursuant to the provisions of either paragraph (5) or (6).
<sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

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## Cites
- art-109/par-2: 前項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第一項 (Article 109, paragraph (1)), art-109/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-1
- art-109/par-3: 第一項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第一項 (Article 109, paragraph (1)), art-109/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-1
- art-109/par-4: 第一項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第一項 (Article 109, paragraph (1)), art-109/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-1
- art-109/par-5: 第一項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第一項 (Article 109, paragraph (1)), art-109/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-1
- art-109/par-5: 前項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第四項 (Article 109, paragraph (4)), art-109/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-4
- art-109/par-6: 前項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第五項 (Article 109, paragraph (5)), art-109/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-5
- art-109/par-6: 第一項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第一項 (Article 109, paragraph (1)), art-109/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-1
- art-109/par-6: 第四項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第四項 (Article 109, paragraph (4)), art-109/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-4
- art-109/par-7: 前二項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第五項 (Article 109, paragraph (5)), art-109/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-5
- art-109/par-7: 前二項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第六項 (Article 109, paragraph (6)), art-109/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-6
- art-109/par-8: 第一項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第一項 (Article 109, paragraph (1)), art-109/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-1
- art-109/par-8: 第五項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第五項 (Article 109, paragraph (5)), art-109/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-5
- art-109/par-8: 第六項 → 災害対策基本法 第百九条第六項 (Article 109, paragraph (6)), art-109/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-6

## Cited by

8 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction.

- 災害対策基本法 第百九条第二項（緊急措置） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-2
- 災害対策基本法 第百九条第三項（緊急措置） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-3
- 災害対策基本法 第百九条第四項（緊急措置） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-4
- 災害対策基本法 第百九条第五項（緊急措置） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-5
- 災害対策基本法 第百九条第六項（緊急措置） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-6
- 災害対策基本法 第百九条第七項（緊急措置） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-7
- 災害対策基本法 第百九条第八項（緊急措置） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109/par-8
- 災害対策基本法 第百九条の二第二項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/disaster-management-act/art-109-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/336AC0000000223/art-109-2/par-2

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## Sources

- claude-opus-5-5 — Corrections to the Ministry of Justice's English of the Basic Act on Disaster Management, written 2026-11-03
- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 災害対策基本法 — the text in force from 2026-11-02 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/336AC0000000223/20261102_508AC0000000062), retrieved 2026-11-02
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Basic Act on Disaster Management (災害対策基本法), Article 109, paragraph (1), item (iii) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4171/tb), retrieved 2026-11-02
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Basic Act on Disaster Management — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4171/tb), retrieved 2026-11-02
- claude-sonnet-5-5 — Machine translation, batch disaster-management-act-20261103T010525-009, translated 2026-11-03
- This site's parser, version 221 — 災害対策基本法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-11-02