# 商法 / Commercial Code — 第五百十一条 (Article 511)

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- Law: 商法 (Commercial Code), 明治三十二年法律第四十八号
- English title "Commercial Code": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第五百十一条 (Article 511)（多数当事者間の債務の連帯） — address `art-511`
- Text in force since: 2026-06-24
- URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/commercial-code/art-511
- Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-511
- Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.

Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.

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### 第五百十一条（多数当事者間の債務の連帯） — (Joint and Several Liability for Obligations Among Multiple Parties)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-511 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/commercial-code/art-511 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-511</sup>

  **第一項**  数人の者がその一人又は全員のために商行為となる行為によって債務を負担したときは、その債務は、各自が連帯して負担する。
  <sup>art-511/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/commercial-code/art-511/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-511/par-1</sup>
  When two or more persons assume an obligation by way of an action that constitutes a commercial transaction for any one or all of them, they assume that obligation jointly and severally.
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **第二項**  保証人がある場合において、債務が主たる債務者の商行為によって生じたものであるとき、又は保証が商行為であるときは、主たる債務者及び保証人が各別の行為によって債務を負担したときであっても、その債務は、各自が連帯して負担する。
  <sup>art-511/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/commercial-code/art-511/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/132AC0000000048/art-511/par-2</sup>
  If there is a guarantor and an obligation arises from a commercial transaction by the principal obligor or the guarantee constitutes a commercial transaction, the principal obligor and the guarantor assume the obligation jointly and severally, even if they have assumed the obligation by way of separate actions.
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

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## Sources

- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 商法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/132AC0000000048/20260624_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-11-05
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Commercial Code — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4293/tb), retrieved 2026-11-05
- This site's parser, version 224 — 商法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-11-05