# 刑事訴訟法 / Code of Criminal Procedure — 第四章 (Part 1, Chapter 4)
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- Law: 刑事訴訟法 (Code of Criminal Procedure), 昭和二十三年法律第百三十一号
- English title "Code of Criminal Procedure": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第四章 (Part 1, Chapter 4) — address `pt-1/ch-4`
- Text in force since: 2026-10-20
- URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/pt-1/ch-4
- e-Gov law ID: 323AC0000000131 — never renamed. A permanent link, `/l/{lawId}/{address}` on this site, redirects to the page.
- Every provision below carries its address and its URL on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.
Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.
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## 第四章 弁護及び補佐 — Chapter IV Counsel and Assistants
heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
pt-1/ch-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/pt-1/ch-4
### 第三十条
art-30 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-30
**第一項** 被告人又は被疑者は、何時でも弁護人を選任することができる。
art-30/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-30/par-1
The defendant or the suspect may appoint defense counsel at any time.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "The accused or the suspect may appoint defense counsel at any time." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**第二項** 被告人又は被疑者の法定代理人、保佐人、配偶者、直系の親族及び兄弟姉妹は、独立して弁護人を選任することができる。
art-30/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-30/par-2
The legal representative, curator, spouse, lineal relative or sibling of the defendant or suspect may independently appoint defense counsel.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "The legal representative, curator, spouse, lineal relative, sibling of the accused or suspect may independently appoint defense counsel." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
### 第三十一条
art-31 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31
**第一項** 弁護人は、弁護士の中からこれを選任しなければならない。
art-31/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31/par-1
A defense counsel must be appointed from among attorneys.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 簡易裁判所又は地方裁判所においては、裁判所の許可を得たときは、弁護士でない者を弁護人に選任することができる。ただし、地方裁判所においては、他に弁護士の中から選任された弁護人がある場合に限る。
art-31/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31/par-2
In a summary court or district court, any person who is not an attorney may, with the permission of the court, be appointed to be a defense counsel; provided, however, that in a district court this applies only when there is another defense counsel appointed from among attorneys.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三十一条の二
art-31-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2
**第一項** 弁護人を選任しようとする被告人又は被疑者は、弁護士会に対し、弁護人の選任の申出をすることができる。
art-31-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2/par-1
The defendant or suspect who intends to appoint defense counsel may make a request to the bar association for the appointment of defense counsel.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "The accused or suspect who intends to appoint defense counsel may make a request to the bar association for the appointment of defense counsel." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**第二項** 弁護士会は、前項の申出を受けた場合は、速やかに、所属する弁護士の中から弁護人となろうとする者を紹介しなければならない。
art-31-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2/par-2
If the bar association has been requested as prescribed in the preceding paragraph, it must promptly introduce prospective defense counsel from among the attorneys belonging to the bar association.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 弁護士会は、前項の弁護人となろうとする者がないときは、当該申出をした者に対し、速やかに、その旨を通知しなければならない。同項の規定により紹介した弁護士が被告人又は被疑者がした弁護人の選任の申込みを拒んだときも、同様とする。
art-31-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2/par-3
If there are no prospective defense counsel as prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the bar association must promptly notify the person who made the request to such effect. The same also applies when the attorney who was introduced as prescribed in the preceding paragraph refuses the request for appointment of defense counsel made by the defendant or suspect.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "If there are no prospective defense counsel as prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the bar association must promptly notify the person who made the request to such effect. The same also applies when the attorney who was introduced as prescribed in the preceding paragraph refuses the request for appointment of defense counsel made by the accused or suspect." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
### 第三十二条
art-32 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-32
**第一項** 公訴の提起前にした弁護人の選任は、第一審においてもその効力を有する。
art-32/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-32/par-1
The appointment of defense counsel made prior to the institution of prosecution has its effect also in the trial of first instance.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 公訴の提起後における弁護人の選任は、審級ごとにこれをしなければならない。
art-32/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-32/par-2
The appointment of defense counsel after the institution of prosecution must be made at each instance.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三十三条
art-33 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-33
**第一項** 被告人に数人の弁護人があるときは、裁判所の規則で、主任弁護人を定めなければならない。
art-33/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-33/par-1
If there is more than one defense counsel for the defendant, a chief defense counsel must be designated pursuant to the Rules of Court.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "If there is more than one defense counsel for the accused, a chief defense counsel must be designated pursuant to the Rules of Court." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
### 第三十四条
art-34 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-34
**第一項** 前条の規定による主任弁護人の権限については、裁判所の規則の定めるところによる。
art-34/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-34/par-1
The authority of the chief defense counsel prescribed in the preceding Article is provided by the Rules of Court.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "The judicial power of the chief defense counsel prescribed in the preceding Article is provided by the Rules of Court." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
### 第三十五条
art-35 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-35
**第一項** 裁判所は、裁判所の規則の定めるところにより、被告人又は被疑者の弁護人の数を制限することができる。但し、被告人の弁護人については、特別の事情のあるときに限る。
art-35/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-35/par-1
The court may limit the number of defense counsel of the defendant or the suspect pursuant to the Rules of Court; provided, however, that with regard to the defense counsel for the defendant, this applies only when special circumstances exist.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "The court may limit the number of defense counsel of the accused or the suspect pursuant to the Rules of Court; provided, however, that with regard to the defense counsel for the accused, this applies only when special circumstances exist." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
### 第三十六条
art-36 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-36
**第一項** 被告人が貧困その他の事由により弁護人を選任することができないときは、裁判所は、その請求により、被告人のため弁護人を附しなければならない。但し、被告人以外の者が選任した弁護人がある場合は、この限りでない。
art-36/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-36/par-1
When the defendant is unable to appoint defense counsel due to indigency or other reasons, the court must appoint defense counsel for the defendant upon request; provided, however, that this does not apply when defense counsel has been appointed by a person other than the defendant.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "When the accused is unable to appoint defense counsel due to indigency or other reasons, the court must appoint defense counsel for the accused upon request; provided, however, that this does not apply when defense counsel has been appointed by a person other than the accused." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
### 第三十六条の二
art-36-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-36-2
**第一項** この法律により弁護人を要する場合を除いて、被告人が前条の請求をするには、資力申告書（その者に属する現金、預金その他政令で定めるこれらに準ずる資産の合計額（以下「資力」という。）及びその内訳を申告する書面をいう。以下同じ。）を提出しなければならない。
art-36-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-36-2/par-1
Except in cases requiring defense counsel as set forth pursuant to this Code, when making the request as prescribed in the preceding Article, the defendant must submit a report on personal financial resources (meaning a document reporting the total amount of cash, savings and other assets equivalent thereto provided for by Cabinet Order of such person (hereinafter referred to as "Financial Resources") and the breakdown of said Financial Resources; the same applies hereinafter).
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "Except in cases requiring defense counsel as set forth pursuant to this Code, when making the request as prescribed in the preceding Article, the accused must submit a report on personal financial resources (meaning the total amount of cash, savings and other assets equivalent thereto provided for by Cabinet Order of such person (hereinafter referred to as "Financial Resources") and a document reporting the breakdown of said Financial Resources; the same applies hereinafter)." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
### 第三十六条の三
art-36-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-36-3
**第一項** この法律により弁護人を要する場合を除いて、その資力が基準額（標準的な必要生計費を勘案して一般に弁護人の報酬及び費用を賄うに足りる額として政令で定める額をいう。以下同じ。）以上である被告人が第三十六条の請求をするには、あらかじめ、その請求をする裁判所の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所の管轄区域内に在る弁護士会に第三十一条の二第一項の申出をしていなければならない。
art-36-3/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-36-3/par-1
Except in cases requiring defense counsel as set forth pursuant to this Code, where the defendant, whose Financial Resources are equal to or more than the base amount (meaning the amount provided for by Cabinet Order as an amount generally sufficient enough to cover the remuneration and expenses of the defense counsel after taking into account the average necessary cost of living; the same applies hereinafter), is to make the request set forth in Article 36, said defendant must first have made the request set forth in Article 31-2, paragraph (1) to the bar association within the jurisdictional district of the district court which has jurisdiction over the place where the court to which the request is to be made is located.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "Except in cases requiring defense counsel as set forth pursuant to this Code, where the accused, whose Financial Resources are equal to or more than the base amount (meaning the amount provided for by Cabinet Order as an amount generally sufficient enough to cover the remuneration and expenses of the defense counsel after taking into account the average necessary cost of living; the same applies hereinafter), is to make the request set forth in Article 36, said accused must first have made the request set forth in Article 31-2, paragraph (1) to the bar association within the jurisdictional district of the district court which has jurisdiction over the place where the court to which the request is to be made is located." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**第二項** 前項の規定により第三十一条の二第一項の申出を受けた弁護士会は、同条第三項の規定による通知をしたときは、前項の地方裁判所又は当該被告事件が係属する裁判所に対し、その旨を通知しなければならない。
art-36-3/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-36-3/par-2
Where the bar association, which received the request set forth in Article 31-2, paragraph (1) pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, has given the notification under the provisions of paragraph (3) of the same Article, it must notify the district court set forth in the preceding paragraph or the court where the case is pending to such effect.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三十七条
art-37 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37
**第一項** 左の場合に被告人に弁護人がないときは、裁判所は、職権で弁護人を附することができる。
art-37/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37/par-1
The court may appoint defense counsel ex-officio if there is no defense counsel for the defendant when:
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "The court may appoint defense counsel ex-officio if there is no defense counsel for the accused when:" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**一** 被告人が未成年者であるとき。
art-37/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37/par-1/item-1
the defendant is a minor;
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "the accused is a minor;" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**二** 被告人が年齢七十年以上の者であるとき。
art-37/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37/par-1/item-2
the defendant is seventy years of age or older;
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "the accused is over seventy years of age;" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**三** 被告人が耳の聞えない者又は口のきけない者であるとき。
art-37/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37/par-1/item-3
the defendant is unable to hear or speak;
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "the accused is unable to hear or speak;" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**四** 被告人が心神喪失者又は心神耗弱者である疑があるとき。
art-37/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37/par-1/item-4
there is the possibility that the defendant is insane or has diminished capacity;
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "there is the possibility that the accused is insane or has diminished capacity;" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**五** その他必要と認めるとき。
art-37/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37/par-1/item-5
it is deemed necessary for other reasons.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三十七条の二
art-37-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-2
**第一項** 被疑者に対して勾留状が発せられている場合において、被疑者が貧困その他の事由により弁護人を選任することができないときは、裁判官は、その請求により、被疑者のため弁護人を付さなければならない。ただし、被疑者以外の者が選任した弁護人がある場合又は被疑者が釈放された場合は、この限りでない。
art-37-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-2/par-1
If a detention warrant is issued against a suspect and the suspect is unable to appoint a defense counsel due to indigence or any other grounds, a judge must appoint a defense counsel for the suspect upon request; provided, however, that this does not apply when the defense counsel is appointed by a person other than the suspect, or the suspect is released.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 前項の請求は、勾留を請求された被疑者も、これをすることができる。
art-37-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-2/par-2
A request under the preceding paragraph may also be made by a suspect whose detention has been requested.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三十七条の三
art-37-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-3
**第一項** 前条第一項の請求をするには、資力申告書を提出しなければならない。
art-37-3/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-3/par-1
A report on personal financial resources must be submitted when making the request set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** その資力が基準額以上である被疑者が前条第一項の請求をするには、あらかじめ、その勾留の請求を受けた裁判官の所属する裁判所の所在地を管轄する地方裁判所の管轄区域内に在る弁護士会に第三十一条の二第一項の申出をしていなければならない。
art-37-3/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-3/par-2
If a suspect, whose Financial Resources are equal to or more than the base amount, is to make the request set forth in paragraph (1) of the preceding Article, said suspect must have first made the request set forth in Article 31-2, paragraph (1) to the bar association within the jurisdictional district of the district court which has jurisdiction over the place where the court to which the judge who received the request for detention belongs is located.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 前項の規定により第三十一条の二第一項の申出を受けた弁護士会は、同条第三項の規定による通知をしたときは、前項の地方裁判所に対し、その旨を通知しなければならない。
art-37-3/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-3/par-3
Where the bar association, which received the request set forth in Article 31-2, paragraph (1) pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, has given the notification under the provisions of paragraph (3) of the same Article, it must notify the district court set forth in the preceding paragraph to such effect.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三十七条の四
art-37-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-4
**第一項** 裁判官は、被疑者に対して勾留状が発せられ、かつ、これに弁護人がない場合において、精神上の障害その他の事由により弁護人を必要とするかどうかを判断することが困難である疑いがある被疑者について必要があると認めるときは、職権で弁護人を付することができる。ただし、被疑者が釈放された場合は、この限りでない。
art-37-4/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-4/par-1
If a detention warrant has been issued against a suspect and the suspect has no defense counsel, a judge may appoint a defense counsel ex officio when finding it necessary with regard to the suspect who is suspected of having difficulty in judging whether or not the defense counsel is required due to mental disability or any other grounds; provided, however, that this does not apply when the suspect is released.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三十七条の五
art-37-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-5
**第一項** 裁判官は、死刑又は無期拘禁刑に当たる事件について第三十七条の二第一項又は前条の規定により弁護人を付する場合又は付した場合において、特に必要があると認めるときは、職権で更に弁護人一人を付することができる。ただし、被疑者が釈放された場合は、この限りでない。
art-37-5/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-5/par-1
If the judge is to appoint or has appointed the defense counsel provided for in the provisions of Article 37-2, paragraph (1) or in the preceding Article with regard to a case punishable by the death penalty or imprisonment for life, when said judge deems it to be particularly necessary, said judge may appoint one more defense counsel ex officio; provided however, that this does not apply when the suspect has been released.
machine translation, not official
### 第三十八条
art-38 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38
**第一項** この法律の規定に基づいて裁判所若しくは裁判長又は裁判官が付すべき弁護人は、弁護士の中からこれを選任しなければならない。
art-38/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38/par-1
The defense counsel to be appointed by the court, the presiding judge or a judge based on the provisions of this Code must be appointed from among attorneys.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第二項** 前項の規定により選任された弁護人は、旅費、日当、宿泊料及び報酬を請求することができる。
art-38/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38/par-2
The defense counsel who is appointed pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph is entitled to travel expenses, a daily allowance, accommodation fees and remuneration.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三十八条の二
art-38-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-2
**第一項** 裁判官による弁護人の選任は、被疑者がその選任に係る事件について釈放されたときは、その効力を失う。ただし、その釈放が勾留の執行停止によるときは、この限りでない。
art-38-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-2/par-1
The appointment of defense counsel by a judge ceases to be effective if the suspect has been released with regard to the case to which the counsel has been appointed; provided however, that this does not apply if such release is due to suspension of the execution of detention.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "The appointment of defense counsel by a judge ceases to be effective if the suspect has been released with regard to the case to which the counsel has been appoint; provided however, that this does not apply if such release is due to suspension of the execution of detention." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
### 第三十八条の三
art-38-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3
**第一項** 裁判所は、次の各号のいずれかに該当すると認めるときは、裁判所若しくは裁判長又は裁判官が付した弁護人を解任することができる。
art-38-3/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-1
Where the court finds that any of the following items applies, it may dismiss the defense counsel who was appointed by the court, the presiding judge or a judge:
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**一** 第三十条の規定により弁護人が選任されたことその他の事由により弁護人を付する必要がなくなつたとき。
art-38-3/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-1/item-1
it is no longer necessary to appoint defense counsel due to the fact that defense counsel has been appointed pursuant to the provisions of Article 30 or based on other reasons;
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**二** 被告人と弁護人との利益が相反する状況にあり弁護人にその職務を継続させることが相当でないとき。
art-38-3/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-1/item-2
there is a conflict of interests between the defendant and the defense counsel, and it is inappropriate for the defense counsel to continue with its duties;
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "there is a conflict of interests between the accused and the defense counsel, and it is inappropriate for the defense counsel to continue with its duties;" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**三** 心身の故障その他の事由により、弁護人が職務を行うことができず、又は職務を行うことが困難となつたとき。
art-38-3/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-1/item-3
the defense counsel is unable to carry out its duties or it has become difficult for the defense counsel to carry out its duties due to a mental or physical disorder or any other reason;
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**四** 弁護人がその任務に著しく反したことによりその職務を継続させることが相当でないとき。
art-38-3/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-1/item-4
it is inappropriate to have the defense counsel continue with its duties due to the defense counsel substantially contravening its duties;
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**五** 弁護人に対する暴行、脅迫その他の被告人の責めに帰すべき事由により弁護人にその職務を継続させることが相当でないとき。
art-38-3/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-1/item-5
it is inappropriate to have the defense counsel continue with its duties due to assault or intimidation towards the defense counsel or some other cause imputable to the defendant.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "it is inappropriate to have the defense counsel continue with its duties due to assault or intimidation towards the defense counsel or some other cause imputable to the accused." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**第二項** 弁護人を解任するには、あらかじめ、その意見を聴かなければならない。
art-38-3/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-2
When dismissing the defense counsel, said defense counsel's opinion must be heard in advance.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 弁護人を解任するに当たつては、被告人の権利を不当に制限することがないようにしなければならない。
art-38-3/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-3
When dismissing the defense counsel, such dismissal must be conducted so as not to unduly restrict the rights of the defendant.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "When dismissing the defense counsel, such dismissal must be conducted so as not to unduly restrict the rights of the accused." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**第四項** 公訴の提起前は、裁判官が付した弁護人の解任は、裁判官がこれを行う。この場合においては、前三項の規定を準用する。
art-38-3/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-4
Prior to the institution of prosecution, the dismissal of the defense counsel appointed by a judge is conducted by a judge. In this case, the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "Prior to the institution of prosecution, the dismissal of the defense council appointed by a judge is conducted by a judge. In this case, the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
### 第三十八条の四
art-38-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-4
**第一項** 裁判所又は裁判官の判断を誤らせる目的で、その資力について虚偽の記載のある資力申告書を提出した者は、十万円以下の過料に処する。
art-38-4/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-4/par-1
Any person who has submitted a report on personal financial resources that contains a false statement with regard to Financial Resources for the purpose of causing the court or the judge to reach a mistaken judgment is punished by a non-criminal fine of not more than 100,000 yen.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第三十九条
art-39 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-39
**第一項** 身体の拘束を受けている被告人又は被疑者は、弁護人又は弁護人を選任することができる者の依頼により弁護人となろうとする者（弁護士でない者にあつては、第三十一条第二項の許可があつた後に限る。）と立会人なくして接見し、又は書類若しくは物の授受をすることができる。
art-39/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-39/par-1
The defendant or the suspect in custody may, without any official being present, have an interview with, or send to or receive documents or articles from defense counsel or prospective defense counsel upon the request of a person entitled to appoint defense counsel (with regard to a person who is not an attorney, this applies only after the permission prescribed in Article 31, paragraph (2) has been obtained).
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "The accused or the suspect in custody may, without any official being present, have an interview with, or send to or receive documents or articles from defense counsel or prospective defense counsel upon the request of a person entitled to appoint defense counsel (with regard to a person who is not an attorney, this applies only after the permission prescribed in Article 31, paragraph (2) has been obtained)." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**第二項** 前項の接見又は授受については、法令（裁判所の規則を含む。以下同じ。）で、被告人又は被疑者の逃亡、罪証の隠滅又は戒護に支障のある物の授受を防ぐため必要な措置を規定することができる。
art-39/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-39/par-2
With regard to the interview or the sending or receiving of documents or articles prescribed in the preceding paragraph, such measures may be provided by laws and regulations (including the Rules of Court; the same applies hereinafter) as are necessary to prevent the flight of the defendant or the suspect, the concealment or destruction of evidence, or the sending or receiving of articles which may hinder safe custody.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "With regard to the interview or the sending or receiving of documents or articles prescribed in the preceding paragraph, such measures may be provided by laws and regulations (including the Rules of Court; the same applies hereinafter) as are necessary to prevent the flight of the accused or the suspect, the concealment or destruction of evidence, or the sending or receiving of articles which may hinder safe custody." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**第三項** 検察官、検察事務官又は司法警察職員（司法警察員及び司法巡査をいう。以下同じ。）は、捜査のため必要があるときは、公訴の提起前に限り、第一項の接見又は授受に関し、その日時、場所及び時間を指定することができる。但し、その指定は、被疑者が防禦の準備をする権利を不当に制限するようなものであつてはならない。
art-39/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-39/par-3
A public prosecutor, public prosecutor's assistant officer or judicial police official ("judicial police official" means both a judicial police officer and a judicial police constable; the same applies hereinafter) may, when it is necessary for investigation, designate the date, place and time of the interview or sending or receiving of documents or articles prescribed in paragraph (1) only prior to the institution of prosecution; provided however, that such designation must not unduly restrict the rights of the suspect to prepare for defense.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "A public prosecutor, public prosecutor's assistant officer or judicial police official ("judicial police official" means both a judicial police officer and a judicial constable; the same applies hereinafter) may, when it is necessary for investigation, designate the date, place and time of the interview or sending or receiving of documents or articles prescribed in paragraph (1) only prior to the institution of prosecution; provided however, that such designation must not unduly restrict the rights of the suspect to prepare for defense." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
### 第四十条
art-40 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-40
**第一項** 弁護人は、公訴の提起後は、裁判所において、訴訟に関する書類（刑事確定訴訟記録法（昭和六十二年法律第六十四号）第二条第一項に規定する訴訟の記録（訴訟終結後のものに限る。）を含む。第四十七条を除き、以下同じ。）及び証拠物を閲覧し、及び謄写することができる。ただし、証拠物を謄写するについては、裁判長の許可を受けなければならない。
art-40/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-40/par-1
A defense counsel may, after the institution of prosecution, inspect and copy documents relating to the trial (including the records of litigation prescribed in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the Act on Final Criminal Case Records (Act No. 64 of 1987) (limited to those after the conclusion of the trial); the same applies hereinafter except in Article 47) and articles of evidence in a court; provided, however, that the defense counsel must obtain permission from the presiding judge when copying the articles of evidence.
machine translation, not official
**第二項** 前項の規定にかかわらず、第百五十七条の六第五項に規定する記録媒体は、謄写することができない。
art-40/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-40/par-2
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the recording medium provided in Article 157-6, paragraph (5) may not be copied.
machine translation, not official
### 第四十一条
art-41 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-41
**第一項** 弁護人は、この法律に特別の定のある場合に限り、独立して訴訟行為をすることができる。
art-41/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-41/par-1
A defense counsel may undertake a procedural action independently only when otherwise provided for in this Code.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
### 第四十二条
art-42 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-42
**第一項** 被告人の法定代理人、保佐人、配偶者、直系の親族及び兄弟姉妹は、何時でも補佐人となることができる。
art-42/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-42/par-1
The legal representative, curator, spouse, lineal relative or sibling of the defendant may become an authorized assistant at any time.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "The legal representative, curator, spouse, lineal relative, sibling of the accused may become an authorized assistant at any time." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
**第二項** 補佐人となるには、審級ごとにその旨を届け出なければならない。
art-42/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-42/par-2
In order to become an authorized assistant, notification must be given at each instance.
Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System
**第三項** 補佐人は、被告人の明示した意思に反しない限り、被告人がすることのできる訴訟行為をすることができる。但し、この法律に特別の定のある場合は、この限りでない。
art-42/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-42/par-3
An authorized assistant may undertake a procedural action that the defendant is able to undertake insofar as it is not contrary to the intent expressed by the defendant; provided however, that this does not apply when otherwise provided for in this Code.
Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "An authorized assistant may undertake a procedural action that the accused is able to undertake insofar as it is not contrary to the intent expressed by the accused; provided however, that this does not apply when otherwise provided for in this Code." — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb
---
## Cites
- art-31-2/par-2: 前項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十一条の二第一項 (Article 31-2, paragraph (1)), art-31-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2/par-1
- art-31-2/par-3: 前項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十一条の二第二項 (Article 31-2, paragraph (2)), art-31-2/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2/par-2
- art-34/par-1: 前条 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十三条 (Article 33), art-33 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-33
- art-36-2/par-1: 前条 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十六条 (Article 36), art-36 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-36
- art-36-3/par-1: 第三十六条 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十六条 (Article 36), art-36 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-36
- art-36-3/par-1: 第三十一条の二第一項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十一条の二第一項 (Article 31-2, paragraph (1)), art-31-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2/par-1
- art-36-3/par-2: 前項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十六条の三第一項 (Article 36-3, paragraph (1)), art-36-3/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-36-3/par-1
- art-36-3/par-2: 第三十一条の二第一項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十一条の二第一項 (Article 31-2, paragraph (1)), art-31-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2/par-1
- art-36-3/par-2: 同条第三項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十一条の二第三項 (Article 31-2, paragraph (3)), art-31-2/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2/par-3
- art-37-2/par-2: 前項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十七条の二第一項 (Article 37-2, paragraph (1)), art-37-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-2/par-1
- art-37-3/par-1: 前条第一項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十七条の二第一項 (Article 37-2, paragraph (1)), art-37-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-2/par-1
- art-37-3/par-2: 前条第一項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十七条の二第一項 (Article 37-2, paragraph (1)), art-37-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-2/par-1
- art-37-3/par-2: 第三十一条の二第一項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十一条の二第一項 (Article 31-2, paragraph (1)), art-31-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2/par-1
- art-37-3/par-3: 前項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十七条の三第二項 (Article 37-3, paragraph (2)), art-37-3/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-3/par-2
- art-37-3/par-3: 第三十一条の二第一項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十一条の二第一項 (Article 31-2, paragraph (1)), art-31-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2/par-1
- art-37-3/par-3: 同条第三項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十一条の二第三項 (Article 31-2, paragraph (3)), art-31-2/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31-2/par-3
- art-37-5/par-1: 第三十七条の二第一項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十七条の二第一項 (Article 37-2, paragraph (1)), art-37-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-2/par-1
- art-37-5/par-1: 前条 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十七条の四 (Article 37-4), art-37-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-37-4
- art-38/par-2: 前項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十八条第一項 (Article 38, paragraph (1)), art-38/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38/par-1
- art-38-3/par-1/item-1: 第三十条 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十条 (Article 30), art-30 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-30
- art-38-3/par-4: 前三項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十八条の三第一項 (Article 38-3, paragraph (1)), art-38-3/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-1
- art-38-3/par-4: 前三項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十八条の三第二項 (Article 38-3, paragraph (2)), art-38-3/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-2
- art-38-3/par-4: 前三項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十八条の三第三項 (Article 38-3, paragraph (3)), art-38-3/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-38-3/par-3
- art-39/par-1: 第三十一条第二項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十一条第二項 (Article 31, paragraph (2)), art-31/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-31/par-2
- art-39/par-2: 前項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十九条第一項 (Article 39, paragraph (1)), art-39/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-39/par-1
- art-39/par-3: 第一項 → 刑事訴訟法 第三十九条第一項 (Article 39, paragraph (1)), art-39/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-39/par-1
- art-40/par-1: 刑事確定訴訟記録法（昭和六十二年法律第六十四号）第二条第一項 → e-Gov law 362AC0000000064, 第二条第一項 (Article 2, paragraph (1)), art-2/par-1 — not held in this collection
- art-40/par-1: 第四十七条 → 刑事訴訟法 第四十七条 (Article 47), art-47 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-47
- art-40/par-2: 前項 → 刑事訴訟法 第四十条第一項 (Article 40, paragraph (1)), art-40/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-40/par-1
- art-40/par-2: 第百五十七条の六第五項 → 刑事訴訟法 第百五十七条の六第五項 (Article 157-6, paragraph (5)), art-157-6/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-criminal-procedure/art-157-6/par-5
---
## Sources
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- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 刑事訴訟法 — the text in force from 2026-10-20 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/323AC0000000131/20261020_508AC0000000067), retrieved 2026-11-06
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- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 36, paragraph (1) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 37, paragraph (1) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 37, paragraph (1), item (i) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 37, paragraph (1), item (ii) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 37, paragraph (1), item (iii) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 37, paragraph (1), item (iv) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 38-2, paragraph (1) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 38-3, paragraph (1), item (ii) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 38-3, paragraph (1), item (v) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 38-3, paragraph (3) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 38-3, paragraph (4) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 39, paragraph (1) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 39, paragraph (2) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 39, paragraph (3) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 42, paragraph (1) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法), Article 42, paragraph (3) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Criminal Procedure — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3739/tb), retrieved 2026-11-06
- claude-sonnet-5-5 — Machine translation, batch code-of-criminal-procedure-20261106T054114-001, translated 2026-11-06
- This site's parser, version 225 — 刑事訴訟法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-11-06