# 民事訴訟法 / Code of Civil Procedure — 第三章 (Part 2, Chapter 3) - Law: 民事訴訟法 (Code of Civil Procedure), 平成八年法律第百九号 - English title "Code of Civil Procedure": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第三章 (Part 2, Chapter 3) — address `pt-2/ch-3` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/pt-2/ch-3 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/pt-2/ch-3 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ## 第三章　口頭弁論及びその準備 — Chapter III Oral Arguments and Preparation for Them heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-2/ch-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/pt-2/ch-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/pt-2/ch-3 ## 第一節　口頭弁論 — Section 1 Oral Arguments heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-2/ch-3/sec-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/pt-2/ch-3/sec-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/pt-2/ch-3/sec-1 ### 第百四十八条（裁判長の訴訟指揮権） — (Presiding Judge's Authority to Control Litigation Proceedings) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-148 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-148 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-148 **第一項** 口頭弁論は、裁判長が指揮する。 art-148/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-148/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-148/par-1 The presiding judge directs oral arguments. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 裁判長は、発言を許し、又はその命令に従わない者の発言を禁ずることができる。 art-148/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-148/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-148/par-2 The presiding judge may permit a person to speak or prohibit a person who does not comply with the judge's orders from speaking. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百四十九条（釈明権等） — (Authority to Ask for an Explanation) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-149 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149 **第一項** 裁判長は、口頭弁論の期日又は期日外において、訴訟関係を明瞭にするため、事実上及び法律上の事項に関し、当事者に対して問いを発し、又は立証を促すことができる。 art-149/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-1 The presiding judge, on a date for oral arguments or on any other date, may ask questions of a party or call for a party to give proof with regard to a factual or legal matter, in order to clarify a matter that is related to the litigation. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 陪席裁判官は、裁判長に告げて、前項に規定する処置をすることができる。 art-149/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-2 An associate judge, after notifying the presiding judge, may take the measures prescribed in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 当事者は、口頭弁論の期日又は期日外において、裁判長に対して必要な発問を求めることができる。 art-149/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-3 A party may, on a date for oral arguments or on any other date, request the presiding judge to ask any necessary questions. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 裁判長又は陪席裁判官が、口頭弁論の期日外において、攻撃又は防御の方法に重要な変更を生じ得る事項について第一項又は第二項の規定による処置をしたときは、その内容を相手方に通知しなければならない。 art-149/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-4 If the presiding judge or associate judge takes the measures under the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) on a date other than a date for oral arguments with regard to a matter that could materially change the allegations or evidence, the judge must notify the adverse party of the content of those measures. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十条（訴訟指揮等に対する異議） — (Objection to the Control of Litigation Proceedings) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-150 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-150 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-150 **第一項** 当事者が、口頭弁論の指揮に関する裁判長の命令又は前条第一項若しくは第二項の規定による裁判長若しくは陪席裁判官の処置に対し、異議を述べたときは、裁判所は、決定で、その異議について裁判をする。 art-150/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-150/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-150/par-1 If a party objects to an order issued by the presiding judge in connection with the control of oral arguments or objects to the measures taken by the presiding judge or associate judge under the provisions of paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, the court reaches a judicial decision on that objection in the form of a ruling. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十一条（釈明処分） — (Order for Clarification) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-151 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151 **第一項** 裁判所は、訴訟関係を明瞭にするため、次に掲げる処分をすることができる。 art-151/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-1 In order to clarify a matter related to litigation, the court may reach any of the following dispositions: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 当事者本人又はその法定代理人に対し、口頭弁論の期日に出頭することを命ずること。 art-151/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-1/item-1 ordering one of the parties themselves or their legal representative to appear on a date for oral arguments; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 口頭弁論の期日において、当事者のため事務を処理し、又は補助する者で裁判所が相当と認めるものに陳述をさせること。 art-151/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-1/item-2 requesting a person that the court considers to be appropriate, and who handles a party's business affairs or acts as a party's assistant, to enter a statement on a date for oral arguments; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** 訴訟書類若しくは訴訟において引用した文書その他の物件で当事者の所持するもの又は訴訟においてその記録された情報の内容を引用した電磁的記録で当事者が利用する権限を有するものを提出させること。 art-151/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-1/item-3 requesting the submission of a litigation document, document quoted from during litigation, or other such object that is in a party's possession; or requesting the submission of an electronic or magnetic record that contains information quoted during litigation and that a party is authorized to use; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **四** 当事者又は第三者の提出した文書その他の物件を裁判所に留め置くこと。 art-151/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-1/item-4 retaining a document or other object submitted by a party or a third party at the court; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **五** 検証をし、又は鑑定を命ずること。 art-151/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-1/item-5 inspecting evidence or ordering expert testimony; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **六** 調査を嘱託すること。 art-151/par-1/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-1/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-1/item-6 commissioning an investigation. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の規定による電磁的記録の提出は、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、電磁的記録を記録した記録媒体を提出する方法又は最高裁判所規則で定める電子情報処理組織を使用する方法により行う。 art-151/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-2 As provided for by the Rules of the Supreme Court, a person must submit an electronic or magnetic record under the provisions of the preceding paragraph by submitting a recording medium that contains the electronic or magnetic record or by using an electronic data processing system as specified by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第一項の規定により提出された文書及び前項の規定により提出された電磁的記録については、第百三十二条の十三の規定は、適用しない。 art-151/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-3 The provisions of Article 132-13 do not apply to a document submitted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) or to an electronic or magnetic record submitted pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 第一項に規定する検証、鑑定及び調査の嘱託については、証拠調べに関する規定を準用する。 art-151/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-4 Provisions on the examination of evidence apply mutatis mutandis to the inspection of evidence, expert testimony, and the commissioning of investigations under paragraph (1). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十二条（口頭弁論の併合等） — (Consolidation of Oral Arguments) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-152 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-152 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-152 **第一項** 裁判所は、口頭弁論の制限、分離若しくは併合を命じ、又はその命令を取り消すことができる。 art-152/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-152/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-152/par-1 The court may order the restriction, separation, or consolidation of oral arguments, or set aside such an order. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 裁判所は、当事者を異にする事件について口頭弁論の併合を命じた場合において、その前に尋問をした証人について、尋問の機会がなかった当事者が尋問の申出をしたときは、その尋問をしなければならない。 art-152/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-152/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-152/par-2 If the court has ordered the consolidation of oral arguments for cases involving different parties and a party requests the examination of a witness who has already been examined before the consolidation but whom the party had no chance to examine, that examination must be carried out. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十三条（口頭弁論の再開） — (Resumption of Oral Arguments) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-153 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-153 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-153 **第一項** 裁判所は、終結した口頭弁論の再開を命ずることができる。 art-153/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-153/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-153/par-1 The court may order the resumption of oral arguments that have been concluded. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十四条（通訳人の立会い等） — (Presence of Interpreters) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-154 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-154 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-154 **第一項** 口頭弁論に関与する者が日本語に通じないとき、又は耳が聞こえない者若しくは口がきけない者であるときは、通訳人を立ち会わせる。ただし、耳が聞こえない者又は口がきけない者には、文字で問い、又は陳述をさせることができる。 art-154/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-154/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-154/par-1 If a person participating in oral arguments is unable to communicate in Japanese or is unable to hear or speak, arrangements are made for an interpreter to be present at oral arguments; provided, however, that it is permissible to question a person who is unable to hear or speak in writing, or to have them enter a statement in writing. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 裁判所は、相当と認めるときは、当事者の意見を聴いて、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、裁判所及び当事者双方が通訳人との間で映像と音声の送受信により相手の状態を相互に認識しながら通話をすることができる方法によって、通訳人に通訳をさせることができる。この場合において、当該方法によることにつき困難な事情があるときは、裁判所及び当事者双方が通訳人との間で音声の送受信により同時に通話をすることができる方法によってすることができる。 art-154/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-154/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-154/par-2 If the court finds it to be appropriate, after hearing the opinions of the parties and as provided by the Rules of the Supreme Court, the court may have an interpreter interpret while using a means that enables the court and both parties to communicate with the interpreter through audio and visual transmissions while gaining an awareness of one another' situation . This being the case, if there are circumstances that make it difficult to have recourse to those means, a means may be used that enables the court and both parties to communicate with the interpreter at the same time through audio transmissions. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 鑑定人に関する規定は、通訳人について準用する。 art-154/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-154/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-154/par-3 The provisions on experts apply mutatis mutandis to interpreters. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十五条（弁論能力を欠く者に対する措置） — (Measures for Persons Lacking the Ability to Participate in Oral Arguments) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-155 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-155 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-155 **第一項** 裁判所は、訴訟関係を明瞭にするために必要な陳述をすることができない当事者、代理人又は補佐人の陳述を禁じ、口頭弁論の続行のため新たな期日を定めることができる。 art-155/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-155/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-155/par-1 The court may prohibit a party, agent, or assistant in court who is unable to enter the necessary statement for clarifying a matter related to the litigation, from entering a statement, and specify a new date for continuing oral arguments. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の規定により陳述を禁じた場合において、必要があると認めるときは、裁判所は、弁護士の付添いを命ずることができる。 art-155/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-155/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-155/par-2 If the court has prohibited a person from entering a statement pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the court may order the person to be accompanied by an attorney at law, when it finds this to be necessary. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十六条（攻撃防御方法の提出時期） — (Timing for Presenting Allegations and Evidence) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-156 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-156 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-156 **第一項** 攻撃又は防御の方法は、訴訟の進行状況に応じ適切な時期に提出しなければならない。 art-156/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-156/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-156/par-1 Allegations and evidence must be presented at an appropriate time, in accordance with the status of progress in the litigation. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十六条の二（審理の計画が定められている場合の攻撃防御方法の提出期間） — (Time Frame for Presenting Allegations and Evidence When a Plan for Trial Has Been Set) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-156-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-156-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-156-2 **第一項** 第百四十七条の三第一項の審理の計画に従った訴訟手続の進行上必要があると認めるときは、裁判長は、当事者の意見を聴いて、特定の事項についての攻撃又は防御の方法を提出すべき期間を定めることができる。 art-156-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-156-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-156-2/par-1 If the presiding judge finds it to be necessary for the progress of litigation proceedings based on a plan for trial as referred to in Article 147-3, paragraph (1), the presiding judge may specify a time frame for presenting allegations and evidence on a specific matter, after hearing the opinions of the parties. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十七条（時機に後れた攻撃防御方法の却下等） — (Denial of Allegations or Evidence Presented After Their Time) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-157 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-157 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-157 **第一項** 当事者が故意又は重大な過失により時機に後れて提出した攻撃又は防御の方法については、これにより訴訟の完結を遅延させることとなると認めたときは、裁判所は、申立てにより又は職権で、却下の決定をすることができる。 art-157/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-157/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-157/par-1 If the court finds that the allegations or evidence that a party has presented, whether intentionally or through gross negligence, after the time for presenting them will delay the conclusion of litigation, it may rule to deny them, upon petition or sua sponte. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 攻撃又は防御の方法でその趣旨が明瞭でないものについて当事者が必要な釈明をせず、又は釈明をすべき期日に出頭しないときも、前項と同様とする。 art-157/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-157/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-157/par-2 The provisions of the preceding paragraph also apply if a party does not give the necessary explanation with regard to allegations or evidence whose import is unclear, or does not appear on the date for giving an explanation. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十七条の二（審理の計画が定められている場合の攻撃防御方法の却下） — (Denial of Allegations or Evidence When a Plan for Trial Is Set) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-157-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-157-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-157-2 **第一項** 第百四十七条の三第三項又は第百五十六条の二（第百七十条第五項において準用する場合を含む。）の規定により特定の事項についての攻撃又は防御の方法を提出すべき期間が定められている場合において、当事者がその期間の経過後に提出した攻撃又は防御の方法については、これにより審理の計画に従った訴訟手続の進行に著しい支障を生ずるおそれがあると認めたときは、裁判所は、申立てにより又は職権で、却下の決定をすることができる。ただし、その当事者がその期間内に当該攻撃又は防御の方法を提出することができなかったことについて相当の理由があることを疎明したときは、この限りでない。 art-157-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-157-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-157-2/par-1 If a time frame for presenting allegations and evidence on a specific matter is specified pursuant to the provisions of Article 147-3, paragraph (3) or Article 156-2 (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 170, paragraph (5)), and the court, with regard to allegations or evidence that a party has presented after the expiration of that time frame, finds that those allegations or evidence would be likely to substantially interfere with the progress of litigation proceedings based on the plan for trial, the court may rule to deny them upon petition or sua sponte; provided, however, that this does not apply if the party has made a prima facie showing of reasonable grounds for the party having been unable to present the allegations or evidence within that time frame. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十八条（訴状等の陳述の擬制） — (Constructive Statements in a Complaint) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-158 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-158 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-158 **第一項** 原告又は被告が最初にすべき口頭弁論の期日に出頭せず、又は出頭したが本案の弁論をしないときは、裁判所は、その者が提出した訴状又は答弁書その他の準備書面に記載した事項を陳述したものとみなし、出頭した相手方に弁論をさせることができる。 art-158/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-158/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-158/par-1 If a plaintiff or defendant does not appear on the first date for oral arguments or appears on that date but does not present any oral arguments on the merits, the court may deem the plaintiff or defendant to have stated the particulars detailed in the complaint or written answer or any other brief that party has submitted, and have the adverse party who has appeared on that date present oral arguments. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百五十九条（自白の擬制） — (Constructive Admission) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-159 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-159 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-159 **第一項** 当事者が口頭弁論において相手方の主張した事実を争うことを明らかにしない場合には、その事実を自白したものとみなす。ただし、弁論の全趣旨により、その事実を争ったものと認めるべきときは、この限りでない。 art-159/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-159/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-159/par-1 If a party, during oral arguments, does not make it clear that they deny a fact alleged by the adverse party, they are deemed to have admitted that fact; provided, however, that this does not apply if it should be found, based on the entire import of oral arguments, that the party has denied that fact. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 相手方の主張した事実を知らない旨の陳述をした者は、その事実を争ったものと推定する。 art-159/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-159/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-159/par-2 A person offering a statement indicating that they have no knowledge of a fact alleged by the adverse party is presumed to have denied that fact. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第一項の規定は、当事者が口頭弁論の期日に出頭しない場合について準用する。ただし、その当事者が公示送達による呼出しを受けたものであるときは、この限りでない。 art-159/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-159/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-159/par-3 The provisions of paragraph (1) apply mutatis mutandis if a party does not appear on a date for oral arguments; provided, however, that this does not apply if the party is summoned through service by publication. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百六十条（口頭弁論に係る電子調書の作成等） — (Preparation of Electronic Records of Oral Arguments) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-160 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160 **第一項** 裁判所書記官は、口頭弁論について、期日ごとに、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、電子調書（期日又は期日外における手続の方式、内容及び経過等の記録及び公証をするためにこの法律その他の法令の規定により裁判所書記官が作成する電磁的記録をいう。以下同じ。）を作成しなければならない。 art-160/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160/par-1 For each court date for oral arguments, the court clerk must prepare an electronic record (meaning an electronic or magnetic record that a court clerk prepares pursuant to the provisions of this Act or any other laws and regulations for the purpose of recording or authenticating the form, content, progress, etc. of proceedings conducted on a court date or outside of a court date; the same applies below), as provided for by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 裁判所書記官は、前項の規定により電子調書を作成したときは、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、これをファイルに記録しなければならない。 art-160/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160/par-2 When a court clerk prepares an electronic record pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, they must record it in the court's computer files as provided for by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 前項の規定によりファイルに記録された電子調書の内容に当事者その他の関係人が異議を述べたときは、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、その異議があった旨を明らかにする措置を講じなければならない。 art-160/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160/par-3 If a party or any other person concerned raised any objection to the content of the electronic record recorded in the court's computer files pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, measures must be taken to make it clear that there has been an objection, as provided for by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 口頭弁論の方式に関する規定の遵守は、第二項の規定によりファイルに記録された電子調書によってのみ証明することができる。ただし、当該電子調書が滅失したときは、この限りでない。 art-160/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160/par-4 Observance of provisions concerning the formalities of oral arguments may be proven only through the electronic record recorded in the court's computer files pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2); provided, however, that this does not apply in the event of the loss of the electronic record. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百六十条の二（口頭弁論に係る電子調書の更正） — (Correction of Electronic Records of Oral Arguments) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-160-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160-2 **第一項** 前条第二項の規定によりファイルに記録された電子調書の内容に計算違い、誤記その他これらに類する明白な誤りがあるときは、裁判所書記官は、申立てにより又は職権で、いつでも更正することができる。 art-160-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160-2/par-1 If there is a miscalculation, clerical error, or any other clear error similar to this in an electronic record recorded in the court's computer files pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article, a court clerk may correct it at any time, upon petition or sua sponte. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の規定による更正の処分は、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、その旨をファイルに記録してしなければならない。 art-160-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160-2/par-2 A court clerk must take the corrective action under the provisions of the preceding paragraph by recording an indication of this in the court's computer files, as provided for by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第七十一条第四項、第五項及び第八項の規定は、第一項の規定による更正の処分又は同項の申立てを却下する処分及びこれらに対する異議の申立てについて準用する。 art-160-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160-2/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160-2/par-3 The provisions of Article 71, paragraphs (4), (5) and (8) apply mutatis mutandis to a corrective action under the provisions of paragraph (1) or a disposition of denial of petition under that paragraph, as well as a petition for objection against these. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ## 第二節　準備書面等 — Section 2 Briefs heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-2/ch-3/sec-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/pt-2/ch-3/sec-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/pt-2/ch-3/sec-2 ### 第百六十一条（準備書面） — (Briefs) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-161 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-161 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-161 **第一項** 口頭弁論は、書面で準備しなければならない。 art-161/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-161/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-161/par-1 Oral arguments must be prepared in writing. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 準備書面には、次に掲げる事項を記載する。 art-161/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-161/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-161/par-2 A brief details the following particulars: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 攻撃又は防御の方法 art-161/par-2/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-161/par-2/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-161/par-2/item-1 allegations and evidence; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 相手方の請求及び攻撃又は防御の方法に対する陳述 art-161/par-2/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-161/par-2/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-161/par-2/item-2 statements about the adverse party's claim and allegations and evidence. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 相手方が在廷していない口頭弁論においては、次の各号のいずれかに該当する準備書面に記載した事実でなければ、主張することができない。 art-161/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-161/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-161/par-3 During oral arguments for which the adverse party is not present in court, no facts other than those stated in a brief which falls under any of the following items may be alleged: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 相手方に送達された準備書面 art-161/par-3/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-161/par-3/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-161/par-3/item-1 a brief that has been served upon the adverse party; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 相手方からその準備書面を受領した旨を記載した書面が提出された場合における当該準備書面 art-161/par-3/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-161/par-3/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-161/par-3/item-2 a brief for which the adverse party has submitted written acknowledgment of receipt; or Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** 相手方が第九十一条の二第一項の規定により準備書面の閲覧をし、又は同条第二項の規定により準備書面の複写をした場合における当該準備書面 art-161/par-3/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-161/par-3/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-161/par-3/item-3 a brief that the adverse party has inspected pursuant to the provisions of Article 91-2, paragraph (1) or copied pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) of that Article. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百六十二条（準備書面等の提出期間） — (Time Frame for Submission of Briefs) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-162 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-162 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-162 **第一項** 裁判長は、答弁書若しくは特定の事項に関する主張を記載した準備書面の提出又は特定の事項に関する証拠の申出をすべき期間を定めることができる。 art-162/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-162/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-162/par-1 The presiding judge may specify a time frame for submitting a written answer or a brief detailing an allegation with regard to a specific matter or for offering evidence of a specific matter. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の規定により定めた期間の経過後に準備書面の提出又は証拠の申出をする当事者は、裁判所に対し、その期間を遵守することができなかった理由を説明しなければならない。 art-162/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-162/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-162/par-2 A party that submits a brief or offers evidence after a time frame specified pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph has passed must explain to the court the reasons that the party was unable to perform the act within that time frame. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百六十三条（当事者照会） — (Inquiry by a Party) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-163 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163 **第一項** 当事者は、訴訟の係属中、相手方に対し、主張又は立証を準備するために必要な事項について、相当の期間を定めて、書面により、又は相手方の選択により書面若しくは電磁的方法のいずれかにより回答するよう、書面により照会をすることができる。ただし、その照会が次の各号のいずれかに該当するときは、この限りでない。 art-163/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163/par-1 While litigation is pending, a party may specify a reasonable time frame for response and direct a written inquiry to the adverse party, so as to elicit from that party a response in writing, or at the option of the adverse party, either in writing or by electronic or magnetic means, with regard to particulars that are necessary for preparing allegations or proof; provided, however, that this does not apply if the inquiry falls under any of the following items: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 具体的又は個別的でない照会 art-163/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163/par-1/item-1 an inquiry that is non-concrete or non-specific; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 相手方を侮辱し、又は困惑させる照会 art-163/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163/par-1/item-2 an inquiry that insults the adverse party or that inhibits a free choice of response; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** 既にした照会と重複する照会 art-163/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163/par-1/item-3 an inquiry that constitutes a repetition of any previous inquiry; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **四** 意見を求める照会 art-163/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163/par-1/item-4 an inquiry asking for an opinion; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **五** 相手方が回答するために不相当な費用又は時間を要する照会 art-163/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163/par-1/item-5 an inquiry that would require unreasonable expense or time for the adverse party to respond to; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **六** 第百九十六条又は第百九十七条の規定により証言を拒絶することができる事項と同様の事項についての照会 art-163/par-1/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163/par-1/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163/par-1/item-6 an inquiry about the same kind of particulars as those regarding which a person may refuse to testify pursuant to the provisions of Article 196 or Article 197. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 当事者は、前項の規定による書面による照会に代えて、相手方の承諾を得て、電磁的方法により照会をすることができる。 art-163/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163/par-2 A party may make an inquiry by electronic or magnetic means in lieu of an inquiry in writing under the preceding paragraph, with consent from the adverse party. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 相手方（第一項の規定により書面又は電磁的方法のいずれかにより回答するよう照会を受けたものを除く。）は、同項の規定による書面による回答に代えて、当事者の承諾を得て、電磁的方法により回答をすることができる。 art-163/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163/par-3 An adverse party (excluding a party that received an inquiry requiring a response either in writing or by electronic or magnetic means pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1)) may provide a response by electronic or magnetic means in lieu of a written response under the provisions of that paragraph, with consent from the party. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ## 第三節　争点及び証拠の整理手続 — Section 3 Proceedings for Arranging Issues and Evidence heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-2/ch-3/sec-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/pt-2/ch-3/sec-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/pt-2/ch-3/sec-3 ## 第一款　準備的口頭弁論 — Subsection 1 Preliminary Oral Arguments heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-2/ch-3/sec-3/subsec-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/pt-2/ch-3/sec-3/subsec-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/pt-2/ch-3/sec-3/subsec-1 ### 第百六十四条（準備的口頭弁論の開始） — (Commencement of Preliminary Oral Arguments) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-164 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-164 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-164 **第一項** 裁判所は、争点及び証拠の整理を行うため必要があると認めるときは、この款に定めるところにより、準備的口頭弁論を行うことができる。 art-164/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-164/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-164/par-1 If the court finds it necessary in order to arrange issues and evidence, the court may hold preliminary oral arguments as provided for in this Subsection. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百六十五条（証明すべき事実の確認等） — (Confirmation of the Facts That Will Be Proven) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-165 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-165 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-165 **第一項** 裁判所は、準備的口頭弁論を終了するに当たり、その後の証拠調べにより証明すべき事実を当事者との間で確認するものとする。 art-165/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-165/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-165/par-1 In closing preliminary oral arguments, the court is to confirm with the parties the facts that will be proven through the subsequent examination of evidence. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 裁判長は、相当と認めるときは、準備的口頭弁論を終了するに当たり、当事者に準備的口頭弁論における争点及び証拠の整理の結果を要約した書面を提出させることができる。 art-165/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-165/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-165/par-2 If the presiding judge finds it to be appropriate, in closing preliminary oral arguments, the judge may have a party submit a paper document summarizing the issues and evidence as arranged through the preliminary oral arguments. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百六十六条（当事者の不出頭等による終了） — (Closing of Proceedings Due to a Party's Non-Appearance) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-166 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-166 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-166 **第一項** 当事者が期日に出頭せず、又は第百六十二条第一項の規定により定められた期間内に準備書面の提出若しくは証拠の申出をしないときは、裁判所は、準備的口頭弁論を終了することができる。 art-166/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-166/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-166/par-1 If a party does not appear for a court date or does not submit a brief or offer evidence within the time frame specified pursuant to the provisions of Article 162, paragraph (1), the court may close preliminary oral arguments. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百六十七条（準備的口頭弁論終了後の攻撃防御方法の提出） — (Presentation of Allegations and Evidence After the Close of Preliminary Oral Arguments) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-167 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-167 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-167 **第一項** 準備的口頭弁論の終了後に攻撃又は防御の方法を提出した当事者は、相手方の求めがあるときは、相手方に対し、準備的口頭弁論の終了前にこれを提出することができなかった理由を説明しなければならない。 art-167/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-167/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-167/par-1 At the request of the adverse party, a party that has presented allegations or evidence after the close of preliminary oral arguments must explain to the adverse party the reasons that the party was unable to present the allegations or evidence prior to the close of preliminary oral arguments. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ## 第二款　弁論準備手続 — Subsection 2 Preparatory Proceedings heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-2/ch-3/sec-3/subsec-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/pt-2/ch-3/sec-3/subsec-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/pt-2/ch-3/sec-3/subsec-2 ### 第百六十八条（弁論準備手続の開始） — (Commencement of Preparatory Proceedings) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-168 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-168 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-168 **第一項** 裁判所は、争点及び証拠の整理を行うため必要があると認めるときは、当事者の意見を聴いて、事件を弁論準備手続に付することができる。 art-168/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-168/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-168/par-1 If the court finds it to be necessary in order to arrange issues and evidence, the court may refer a case to preparatory proceedings, after hearing the opinions of the parties. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百六十九条（弁論準備手続の期日） — (Date for Preparatory Proceedings) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-169 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-169 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-169 **第一項** 弁論準備手続は、当事者双方が立ち会うことができる期日において行う。 art-169/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-169/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-169/par-1 Preparatory proceedings are conducted on a date that both parties are able to attend. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 裁判所は、相当と認める者の傍聴を許すことができる。ただし、当事者が申し出た者については、手続を行うのに支障を生ずるおそれがあると認める場合を除き、その傍聴を許さなければならない。 art-169/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-169/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-169/par-2 The court may permit the attendance of a person it considers appropriate; provided, however, that the court must permit the attendance of any person a party requests, unless that person's attendance would likely hinder the court from conducting the proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十条（弁論準備手続における訴訟行為等） — (Procedural Acts in Preparatory Proceedings) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-170 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170 **第一項** 裁判所は、当事者に準備書面を提出させることができる。 art-170/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170/par-1 The court may have a party submit a brief. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 裁判所は、弁論準備手続の期日において、証拠の申出に関する裁判その他の口頭弁論の期日外においてすることができる裁判、文書（第二百三十一条に規定する物件を含む。）の証拠調べ、第二百三十一条の二第一項に規定する電磁的記録に記録された情報の内容に係る証拠調べ並びに第百八十六条第二項、第二百五条第三項（第二百七十八条第二項において準用する場合を含む。）、第二百十五条第四項（第二百七十八条第二項において準用する場合を含む。）及び第二百十八条第三項の提示をすることができる。 art-170/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170/par-2 On a date for preparatory proceedings, the court may reach a judicial decision regarding the offering of evidence or any other judicial decision that may be reached on a date other than a date for oral arguments, examine written evidence (including objects prescribed in Article 231), conduct an examination of evidence involving the content of information recorded in an electronic or magnetic record as prescribed in Article 231-2, paragraph (1), and present information as under Article 186, paragraph (2), Article 205, paragraph (3) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 278, paragraph (2)), Article 215, paragraph (4) (including as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 278, paragraph (2)) and Article 218, paragraph (3). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 裁判所は、相当と認めるときは、当事者の意見を聴いて、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、裁判所及び当事者双方が音声の送受信により同時に通話をすることができる方法によって、弁論準備手続の期日における手続を行うことができる。 art-170/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170/par-3 If the court finds it to be appropriate, after hearing the opinions of the parties, the court may conduct the proceedings on a date for preparatory proceedings in a way that enables the court and both parties to communicate with one another at the same time, through audio transmissions, as provided by the Rules of the Supreme Court. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 前項の期日に出頭しないで同項の手続に関与した当事者は、その期日に出頭したものとみなす。 art-170/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170/par-4 The party who has participated in proceedings as referred to in the preceding paragraph without appearing on a date as referred to in that paragraph is deemed to have appeared on that date. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 第百四十八条から第百五十一条まで、第百五十二条第一項、第百五十三条から第百五十九条まで、第百六十二条、第百六十五条及び第百六十六条の規定は、弁論準備手続について準用する。 art-170/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170/par-5 The provisions of Articles 148 through 151; Article 152, paragraph (1); Articles 153 to 159; Article 162; Article 165; and Article 166 apply mutatis mutandis to preparatory proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十一条（受命裁判官による弁論準備手続） — (Preparatory Proceedings by an Authorized Judge) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-171 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-171 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-171 **第一項** 裁判所は、受命裁判官に弁論準備手続を行わせることができる。 art-171/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-171/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-171/par-1 The court may have an authorized judge conduct preparatory proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 弁論準備手続を受命裁判官が行う場合には、前二条の規定による裁判所及び裁判長の職務（前条第二項に規定する裁判を除く。）は、その裁判官が行う。ただし、同条第五項において準用する第百五十条の規定による異議についての裁判及び同項において準用する第百五十七条の二の規定による却下についての裁判は、受訴裁判所がする。 art-171/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-171/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-171/par-2 When an authorized judge conducts preparatory proceedings, the court's and the presiding judge's duties under the provisions of the preceding two Articles (excluding the reaching of a judicial decision prescribed in paragraph (2) of the preceding Article) are performed by the authorized judge; provided, however, that a judicial decision on an objection under the provisions of Article 150 as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to paragraph (5) of that Article and a judicial decision on denial under the provisions of Article 157-2 as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to that paragraph are reached by the court in charge of the case. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 弁論準備手続を行う受命裁判官は、第百八十六条第一項の規定による調査の嘱託、鑑定の嘱託、文書（第二百三十一条に規定する物件を含む。）を提出してする書証の申出及び電磁的記録を提出してする証拠調べの申出並びに文書（第二百二十九条第二項及び第二百三十一条に規定する物件を含む。）及び電磁的記録の送付の嘱託についての裁判をすることができる。 art-171/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-171/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-171/par-3 An authorized judge who conducts preparatory proceedings may reach a judicial decision to commission an investigation under the provisions of Article 186, paragraph (1) or to request expert testimony, a judicial decision regarding the offering of documentary evidence following the submission of documents (including the objects prescribed in Article 231) or the offering for examination of evidence following the submission of electronic or magnetic records, or a judicial decision to request the sending of documents (including the objects prescribed in Article 229, paragraph (2) and Article 231) and electronic or magnetic records. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十二条（弁論準備手続に付する裁判の取消し） — (Revocation of a Judicial Decision to Refer a Case to Preparatory Proceedings) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-172 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-172 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-172 **第一項** 裁判所は、相当と認めるときは、申立てにより又は職権で、弁論準備手続に付する裁判を取り消すことができる。ただし、当事者双方の申立てがあるときは、これを取り消さなければならない。 art-172/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-172/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-172/par-1 If the court finds it to be appropriate, it may set aside a judicial decision to refer a case to preparatory proceedings, upon petition or sua sponte; provided, however, that the court must set aside that judicial decision if both parties so petition. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十三条（弁論準備手続の結果の陳述） — (Statement of the Outcome of Preparatory Proceedings) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-173 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-173 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-173 **第一項** 当事者は、口頭弁論において、弁論準備手続の結果を陳述しなければならない。 art-173/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-173/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-173/par-1 The parties, in oral arguments, must state the outcome of preparatory proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十四条（弁論準備手続終結後の攻撃防御方法の提出） — (Presenting Allegations and Evidence After the Close of Preparatory Proceedings) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-174 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-174 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-174 **第一項** 第百六十七条の規定は、弁論準備手続の終結後に攻撃又は防御の方法を提出した当事者について準用する。 art-174/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-174/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-174/par-1 The provisions of Article 167 apply mutatis mutandis to a party that has presented allegations or evidence after the close of preparatory proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ## 第三款　書面による準備手続 — Subsection 3 Written Preparatory Proceedings heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-2/ch-3/sec-3/subsec-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/pt-2/ch-3/sec-3/subsec-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/pt-2/ch-3/sec-3/subsec-3 ### 第百七十五条（書面による準備手続の開始） — (Commencement of Written Preparatory Proceedings) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-175 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-175 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-175 **第一項** 裁判所は、相当と認めるときは、当事者の意見を聴いて、事件を書面による準備手続（当事者の出頭なしに準備書面の提出等により争点及び証拠の整理をする手続をいう。以下同じ。）に付することができる。 art-175/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-175/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-175/par-1 If the court finds it to be appropriate, the court may refer a case to Written Preparatory Proceedings (meaning proceedings for arranging issues and evidence in ways such as through the submission of briefs, without the appearance of the parties; the same applies below). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十六条（書面による準備手続の方法等） — (Manner of Conducting Written Preparatory Proceedings) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-176 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-176 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-176 **第一項** 裁判長は、書面による準備手続を行う場合には、第百六十二条第一項に規定する期間を定めなければならない。 art-176/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-176/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-176/par-1 The presiding judge must set a time frame as provided in Article 162, paragraph (1) when conducting written preparatory proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 裁判所は、書面による準備手続を行う場合において、必要があると認めるときは、最高裁判所規則で定めるところにより、裁判所及び当事者双方が音声の送受信により同時に通話をすることができる方法によって、争点及び証拠の整理に関する事項その他口頭弁論の準備のため必要な事項について、当事者双方と協議をすることができる。この場合においては、協議の結果を裁判所書記官に記録させることができる。 art-176/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-176/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-176/par-2 If the court finds it to be necessary when conducting Written Preparatory Proceedings, the court may consult both parties with regard to things involved in the arrangement of issues and evidence or anything else concerning which they need to be consulted to prepare for oral arguments, as provided for by the Rules of the Supreme Court, in a way that enables the court and both parties to communicate with one another at the same time, through audio transmissions. Having done so, the court may have the court clerk record the outcome of the consultation. machine translation, not official **第三項** 第百四十九条、第百五十条及び第百六十五条第二項の規定は、書面による準備手続について準用する。 art-176/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-176/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-176/par-3 The provisions of Article 149, Article 150, and Article 165, paragraph (2) apply mutatis mutandis to Written Preparatory Proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十六条の二（受命裁判官による書面による準備手続） — (Written Preparatory Proceedings by an Authorized Judge) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-176-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-176-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-176-2 **第一項** 裁判所は、受命裁判官に書面による準備手続を行わせることができる。 art-176-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-176-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-176-2/par-1 The court may have an authorized judge conduct written preparatory proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 書面による準備手続を受命裁判官が行う場合には、前条の規定による裁判所及び裁判長の職務は、その裁判官が行う。ただし、同条第三項において準用する第百五十条の規定による異議についての裁判は、受訴裁判所がする。 art-176-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-176-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-176-2/par-2 When an authorized judge conducts written preparatory proceedings, that judge is the one to perform the court's and the presiding judge's duties under the provisions of the preceding Article; provided, however, that the court in charge of the case is the one to reach a judicial decision on an objection under the provisions of Article 150 as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to the provisions of Article 176, paragraph (3). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十七条（証明すべき事実の確認） — (Confirmation of Facts to Be Proven) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-177 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-177 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-177 **第一項** 裁判所は、書面による準備手続の終結後の口頭弁論の期日において、その後の証拠調べによって証明すべき事実を当事者との間で確認するものとする。 art-177/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-177/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-177/par-1 On a date for oral arguments held after the close of written preparatory proceedings, the court is to confirm with the parties the facts to be proven through the subsequent examination of evidence. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第百七十八条（書面による準備手続終結後の攻撃防御方法の提出） — (Presenting Allegations and Evidence After the Close of Written Preparatory Proceedings) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-178 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-178 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-178 **第一項** 書面による準備手続を終結した事件について、口頭弁論の期日において、第百七十六条第三項において準用する第百六十五条第二項の書面に記載した事項の陳述がされ、又は前条の規定による確認がされた後に攻撃又は防御の方法を提出した当事者は、相手方の求めがあるときは、相手方に対し、その陳述又は確認前にこれを提出することができなかった理由を説明しなければならない。 art-178/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-178/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-178/par-1 In a case for which written preparatory proceedings have been closed, at the request of the adverse party, a party that presents allegations or evidence on a date for oral arguments after statements have been entered on the particulars detailed in a paper document as referred to in Article 165, paragraph (2) as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 176, paragraph (3) or after a confirmation has been made pursuant to the provisions of the preceding Article, must explain to the adverse party the reason that the party was unable to present the allegations or evidence prior to the statements or confirmation being entered. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-149/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条第一項 (Article 149, paragraph (1)), art-149/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-1 - art-149/par-4: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条第一項 (Article 149, paragraph (1)), art-149/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-1 - art-149/par-4: 第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条第二項 (Article 149, paragraph (2)), art-149/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-2 - art-150/par-1: 前条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条第一項 (Article 149, paragraph (1)), art-149/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-1 - art-150/par-1: 第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条第二項 (Article 149, paragraph (2)), art-149/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149/par-2 - art-151/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十一条第一項 (Article 151, paragraph (1)), art-151/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-1 - art-151/par-3: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十一条第一項 (Article 151, paragraph (1)), art-151/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-1 - art-151/par-3: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十一条第二項 (Article 151, paragraph (2)), art-151/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-2 - art-151/par-3: 第百三十二条の十三 → 民事訴訟法 第百三十二条の十三 (Article 132-13), art-132-13 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-132-13 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-132-13 - art-151/par-4: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十一条第一項 (Article 151, paragraph (1)), art-151/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151/par-1 - art-155/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十五条第一項 (Article 155, paragraph (1)), art-155/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-155/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-155/par-1 - art-156-2/par-1: 第百四十七条の三第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百四十七条の三第一項 (Article 147-3, paragraph (1)), art-147-3/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-147-3/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-147-3/par-1 - art-157/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十七条第一項 (Article 157, paragraph (1)), art-157/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-157/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-157/par-1 - art-157-2/par-1: 第百四十七条の三第三項 → 民事訴訟法 第百四十七条の三第三項 (Article 147-3, paragraph (3)), art-147-3/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-147-3/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-147-3/par-3 - art-157-2/par-1: 第百五十六条の二 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十六条の二 (Article 156-2), art-156-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-156-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-156-2 - art-157-2/par-1: 第百七十条第五項 → 民事訴訟法 第百七十条第五項 (Article 170, paragraph (5)), art-170/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170/par-5 - art-159/par-3: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十九条第一項 (Article 159, paragraph (1)), art-159/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-159/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-159/par-1 - art-160/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十条第一項 (Article 160, paragraph (1)), art-160/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160/par-1 - art-160/par-3: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十条第二項 (Article 160, paragraph (2)), art-160/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160/par-2 - art-160/par-4: 第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十条第二項 (Article 160, paragraph (2)), art-160/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160/par-2 - art-160-2/par-1: 前条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十条第二項 (Article 160, paragraph (2)), art-160/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160/par-2 - art-160-2/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十条の二第一項 (Article 160-2, paragraph (1)), art-160-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160-2/par-1 - art-160-2/par-3: 第七十一条第四項 → 民事訴訟法 第七十一条第四項 (Article 71, paragraph (4)), art-71/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-71/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-71/par-4 - art-160-2/par-3: 第五項 → 民事訴訟法 第七十一条第五項 (Article 71, paragraph (5)), art-71/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-71/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-71/par-5 - art-160-2/par-3: 第八項 → 民事訴訟法 第七十一条第八項 (Article 71, paragraph (8)), art-71/par-8 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-71/par-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-71/par-8 - art-160-2/par-3: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十条の二第一項 (Article 160-2, paragraph (1)), art-160-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-160-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-160-2/par-1 - art-161/par-3/item-3: 第九十一条の二第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第九十一条の二第一項 (Article 91-2, paragraph (1)), art-91-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-91-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-91-2/par-1 - art-161/par-3/item-3: 同条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第九十一条の二第二項 (Article 91-2, paragraph (2)), art-91-2/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-91-2/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-91-2/par-2 - art-162/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十二条第一項 (Article 162, paragraph (1)), art-162/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-162/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-162/par-1 - art-163/par-1/item-6: 第百九十六条 → 民事訴訟法 第百九十六条 (Article 196), art-196 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-196 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-196 - art-163/par-1/item-6: 第百九十七条 → 民事訴訟法 第百九十七条 (Article 197), art-197 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-197 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-197 - art-163/par-2: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十三条第一項 (Article 163, paragraph (1)), art-163/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163/par-1 - art-163/par-3: 第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十三条第一項 (Article 163, paragraph (1)), art-163/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-163/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-163/par-1 - art-166/par-1: 第百六十二条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十二条第一項 (Article 162, paragraph (1)), art-162/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-162/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-162/par-1 - art-170/par-2: 第二百三十一条 → 民事訴訟法 第二百三十一条 (Article 231), art-231 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-231 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-231 - art-170/par-2: 第二百三十一条の二第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第二百三十一条の二第一項 (Article 231-2, paragraph (1)), art-231-2/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-231-2/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-231-2/par-1 - art-170/par-2: 第百八十六条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第百八十六条第二項 (Article 186, paragraph (2)), art-186/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-186/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-186/par-2 - art-170/par-2: 第二百五条第三項 → 民事訴訟法 第二百五条第三項 (Article 205, paragraph (3)), art-205/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-205/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-205/par-3 - art-170/par-2: 第二百七十八条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第二百七十八条第二項 (Article 278, paragraph (2)), art-278/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-278/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-278/par-2 - art-170/par-2: 第二百十五条第四項 → 民事訴訟法 第二百十五条第四項 (Article 215, paragraph (4)), art-215/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-215/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-215/par-4 - art-170/par-2: 第二百十八条第三項 → 民事訴訟法 第二百十八条第三項 (Article 218, paragraph (3)), art-218/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-218/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-218/par-3 - art-170/par-4: 前項 → 民事訴訟法 第百七十条第三項 (Article 170, paragraph (3)), art-170/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170/par-3 - art-170/par-5: 第百四十八条から第百五十一条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百四十八条 (Article 148), art-148 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-148 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-148 - art-170/par-5: 第百四十八条から第百五十一条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条 (Article 149), art-149 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149 - art-170/par-5: 第百四十八条から第百五十一条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百五十条 (Article 150), art-150 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-150 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-150 - art-170/par-5: 第百四十八条から第百五十一条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百五十一条 (Article 151), art-151 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-151 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-151 - art-170/par-5: 第百五十二条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十二条第一項 (Article 152, paragraph (1)), art-152/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-152/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-152/par-1 - art-170/par-5: 第百五十三条から第百五十九条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百五十三条 (Article 153), art-153 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-153 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-153 - art-170/par-5: 第百五十三条から第百五十九条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百五十四条 (Article 154), art-154 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-154 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-154 - art-170/par-5: 第百五十三条から第百五十九条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百五十五条 (Article 155), art-155 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-155 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-155 - art-170/par-5: 第百五十三条から第百五十九条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百五十六条 (Article 156), art-156 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-156 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-156 - art-170/par-5: 第百五十三条から第百五十九条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百五十六条の二 (Article 156-2), art-156-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-156-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-156-2 - art-170/par-5: 第百五十三条から第百五十九条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百五十七条 (Article 157), art-157 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-157 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-157 - art-170/par-5: 第百五十三条から第百五十九条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百五十七条の二 (Article 157-2), art-157-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-157-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-157-2 - art-170/par-5: 第百五十三条から第百五十九条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百五十八条 (Article 158), art-158 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-158 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-158 - art-170/par-5: 第百五十三条から第百五十九条まで → 民事訴訟法 第百五十九条 (Article 159), art-159 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-159 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-159 - art-170/par-5: 第百六十二条 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十二条 (Article 162), art-162 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-162 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-162 - art-170/par-5: 第百六十五条 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十五条 (Article 165), art-165 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-165 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-165 - art-170/par-5: 第百六十六条 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十六条 (Article 166), art-166 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-166 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-166 - art-171/par-2: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十九条 (Article 169), art-169 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-169 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-169 - art-171/par-2: 前二条 → 民事訴訟法 第百七十条 (Article 170), art-170 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170 - art-171/par-2: 前条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第百七十条第二項 (Article 170, paragraph (2)), art-170/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170/par-2 - art-171/par-2: 同条第五項 → 民事訴訟法 第百七十条第五項 (Article 170, paragraph (5)), art-170/par-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-170/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-170/par-5 - art-171/par-2: 第百五十条 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十条 (Article 150), art-150 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-150 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-150 - art-171/par-2: 第百五十七条の二 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十七条の二 (Article 157-2), art-157-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-157-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-157-2 - art-171/par-3: 第百八十六条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百八十六条第一項 (Article 186, paragraph (1)), art-186/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-186/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-186/par-1 - art-171/par-3: 第二百三十一条 → 民事訴訟法 第二百三十一条 (Article 231), art-231 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-231 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-231 - art-171/par-3: 第二百二十九条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第二百二十九条第二項 (Article 229, paragraph (2)), art-229/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-229/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-229/par-2 - art-174/par-1: 第百六十七条 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十七条 (Article 167), art-167 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-167 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-167 - art-176/par-1: 第百六十二条第一項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十二条第一項 (Article 162, paragraph (1)), art-162/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-162/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-162/par-1 - art-176/par-3: 第百四十九条 → 民事訴訟法 第百四十九条 (Article 149), art-149 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-149 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-149 - art-176/par-3: 第百五十条 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十条 (Article 150), art-150 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-150 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-150 - art-176/par-3: 第百六十五条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十五条第二項 (Article 165, paragraph (2)), art-165/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-165/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-165/par-2 - art-176-2/par-2: 前条 → 民事訴訟法 第百七十六条 (Article 176), art-176 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-176 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-176 - art-176-2/par-2: 同条第三項 → 民事訴訟法 第百七十六条第三項 (Article 176, paragraph (3)), art-176/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-176/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-176/par-3 - art-176-2/par-2: 第百五十条 → 民事訴訟法 第百五十条 (Article 150), art-150 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-150 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-150 - art-178/par-1: 第百七十六条第三項 → 民事訴訟法 第百七十六条第三項 (Article 176, paragraph (3)), art-176/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-176/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-176/par-3 - art-178/par-1: 第百六十五条第二項 → 民事訴訟法 第百六十五条第二項 (Article 165, paragraph (2)), art-165/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-165/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-165/par-2 - art-178/par-1: 前条 → 民事訴訟法 第百七十七条 (Article 177), art-177 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-177 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-177 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民事訴訟法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/408AC0000000109/20260624_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-10-17 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Civil Procedure — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4797/tb), retrieved 2026-10-17 - claude-sonnet-5-5 — Machine translation, batch code-of-civil-procedure-20261017T235501-001, translated 2026-10-18 - This site's parser, version 209 — 民事訴訟法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-17