# 民事訴訟法 / Code of Civil Procedure — 第三十四条 (Article 34) - Law: 民事訴訟法 (Code of Civil Procedure), 平成八年法律第百九号 - English title "Code of Civil Procedure": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第三十四条 (Article 34)（訴訟能力等を欠く場合の措置等） — address `art-34` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-34 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-34 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第三十四条（訴訟能力等を欠く場合の措置等） — (Measures If a Person Lacks Capacity to Sue or Be Sued) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-34 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-34 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-34 **第一項** 訴訟能力、法定代理権又は訴訟行為をするのに必要な授権を欠くときは、裁判所は、期間を定めて、その補正を命じなければならない。この場合において、遅滞のため損害を生ずるおそれがあるときは、裁判所は、一時訴訟行為をさせることができる。 art-34/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-34/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-34/par-1 If a person lacks the capacity to sue or be sued, authority to act as a person legal representative, or delegation of powers that is necessary for performing a procedural act, the court must order this to be corrected within a specified time frame. In such a case, if there is a risk of damage arising from a delay, the court may have the person perform procedural acts on a temporary basis. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 訴訟能力、法定代理権又は訴訟行為をするのに必要な授権を欠く者がした訴訟行為は、これらを有するに至った当事者又は法定代理人の追認により、行為の時にさかのぼってその効力を生ずる。 art-34/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-34/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-34/par-2 A procedural act performed by a person without the capacity to sue or be sued, the authority to act as a person's legal representative, or the delegation of powers that is necessary for performing that procedural act, becomes valid retroactive to the time of the act through ratification by a party or legal representative that has come to satisfy these requirements. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 前二項の規定は、選定当事者が訴訟行為をする場合について準用する。 art-34/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-34/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-34/par-3 The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs apply mutatis mutandis if an appointed party performs procedural acts. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-34/par-3: 前二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三十四条第一項 (Article 34, paragraph (1)), art-34/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-34/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-34/par-1 - art-34/par-3: 前二項 → 民事訴訟法 第三十四条第二項 (Article 34, paragraph (2)), art-34/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-34/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-34/par-2 ## Cited by 3 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 民事訴訟法 第三十四条第三項（訴訟能力等を欠く場合の措置等） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-34/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-34/par-3 - 民事訴訟法 第五十九条第一項（法定代理の規定の準用） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-59/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-59/par-1 - 民事訴訟法 第三百十二条第二項（上告の理由） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-312/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-312/par-2 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民事訴訟法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/408AC0000000109/20260624_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-10-17 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Civil Procedure — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4797/tb), retrieved 2026-10-17 - This site's parser, version 209 — 民事訴訟法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-17