# 民事訴訟法 / Code of Civil Procedure — 第三百三十八条 (Article 338) - Law: 民事訴訟法 (Code of Civil Procedure), 平成八年法律第百九号 - English title "Code of Civil Procedure": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第三百三十八条 (Article 338)（再審の事由） — address `art-338` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第三百三十八条（再審の事由） — (Grounds for Retrial) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-338 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338 **第一項** 次に掲げる事由がある場合には、確定した終局判決に対し、再審の訴えをもって、不服を申し立てることができる。ただし、当事者が控訴若しくは上告によりその事由を主張したとき、又はこれを知りながら主張しなかったときは、この限りでない。 art-338/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1 If any of the following circumstances are present, a party may protest a final judgment that has become final and binding through a demand for a retrial; provided, however, that this does not apply if a party, when filing the appeal to the court of second instance or the final appeal, alleged those circumstances or knew of them but did not allege them: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 法律に従って判決裁判所を構成しなかったこと。 art-338/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-1 the court that pronounced judgment was not composed in accordance with the law; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **二** 法律により判決に関与することができない裁判官が判決に関与したこと。 art-338/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-2 a judge who, by law, is not permitted to participate in the judgment, has participated in the judgment; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **三** 法定代理権、訴訟代理権又は代理人が訴訟行為をするのに必要な授権を欠いたこと。 art-338/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-3 the authority to act as a person's legal representative, authority to act as a person's litigation representative, or the delegation of powers that a representative needs in order to perform procedural acts was lacking; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **四** 判決に関与した裁判官が事件について職務に関する罪を犯したこと。 art-338/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-4 a judge who participated in the judgment has committed a crime in connection with their duties in the case; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **五** 刑事上罰すべき他人の行為により、自白をするに至ったこと又は判決に影響を及ぼすべき攻撃若しくは防御の方法を提出することを妨げられたこと。 art-338/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-5 another person's criminally punishable act has caused the party to make an admission or prevented the party from advancing allegations or evidence that would have influenced the judgment; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **六** 判決の証拠となった文書その他の物件が偽造され若しくは変造されたものであったこと又は判決の証拠となった電磁的記録が不正に作られたものであったこと。 art-338/par-1/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-6 a document or other object used as evidence toward the judgment was forged or altered, or an electronic or magnetic record used as evidence toward the judgment was created in an unlawful way; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **七** 証人、鑑定人、通訳人又は宣誓した当事者若しくは法定代理人の虚偽の陳述が判決の証拠となったこと。 art-338/par-1/item-7 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-7 a false statement by a witness, expert, or interpreter, or by a party or legal representative who had been sworn in, was used as evidence toward the judgment; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **八** 判決の基礎となった民事若しくは刑事の判決その他の裁判又は行政処分が後の裁判又は行政処分により変更されたこと。 art-338/par-1/item-8 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-8 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-8 the civil or criminal judgment or other judicial decision, or the administrative disposition, on which the judgment in question was based has been modified by a subsequent judicial decision or administrative disposition; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **九** 判決に影響を及ぼすべき重要な事項について判断の遺脱があったこと。 art-338/par-1/item-9 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-9 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-9 there has been an omission involving a determination with regard to a matter of material import that would have influenced the judgment; Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **十** 不服の申立てに係る判決が前に確定した判決と抵触すること。 art-338/par-1/item-10 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-10 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-10 the judgment that the protest concerns conflicts with a previous judgment that has become final and binding. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項第四号から第七号までに掲げる事由がある場合においては、罰すべき行為について、有罪の判決若しくは過料の裁判が確定したとき、又は証拠がないという理由以外の理由により有罪の確定判決若しくは過料の確定裁判を得ることができないときに限り、再審の訴えを提起することができる。 art-338/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-2 If any of the circumstances stated in items (iv) through (vii) of the preceding paragraph exists, a party may demand a retrial only if a guilty verdict or decision imposing a civil fine for the relevant criminally publishable act has become final and binding, or if the reason that it is not possible to obtain a final and binding guilty verdict or final and binding decision imposing a civil fine for that act is something other than a lack of evidence. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 控訴審において事件につき本案判決をしたときは、第一審の判決に対し再審の訴えを提起することができない。 art-338/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-3 If the court of second instance has reached a judgment on the merits of a case, it is not permissible to demand a retrial over the judgment of the court of first instance. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-338/par-2: 前項第四号から第七号まで → 民事訴訟法 第三百三十八条第一項第四号 (Article 338, paragraph (1), item (iv)), art-338/par-1/item-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-4 - art-338/par-2: 前項第四号から第七号まで → 民事訴訟法 第三百三十八条第一項第五号 (Article 338, paragraph (1), item (v)), art-338/par-1/item-5 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-5 - art-338/par-2: 前項第四号から第七号まで → 民事訴訟法 第三百三十八条第一項第六号 (Article 338, paragraph (1), item (vi)), art-338/par-1/item-6 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-6 - art-338/par-2: 前項第四号から第七号まで → 民事訴訟法 第三百三十八条第一項第七号 (Article 338, paragraph (1), item (vii)), art-338/par-1/item-7 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-1/item-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-1/item-7 ## Cited by 5 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 民事執行法 第七十四条第三項（売却の許可又は不許可の決定に対する執行抗告） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-74/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-74/par-3 - 民事訴訟法 第三百三十八条第二項（再審の事由） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-338/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-338/par-2 - 民事訴訟法 第三百三十九条第一項 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-339/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-339/par-1 - 民事訴訟法 第三百四十二条第三項（再審期間） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-342/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-342/par-3 - 民事訴訟法 第三百四十九条第二項（決定又は命令に対する再審） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/code-of-civil-procedure/art-349/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/408AC0000000109/art-349/par-2 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民事訴訟法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/408AC0000000109/20260624_508AC0000000046), retrieved 2026-10-17 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Code of Civil Procedure — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4797/tb), retrieved 2026-10-17 - This site's parser, version 209 — 民事訴訟法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-17