# 民事執行法 / Civil Enforcement Act — 第三十一条 (Article 31)

- Law: 民事執行法 (Civil Enforcement Act), 昭和五十四年法律第四号
- English title "Civil Enforcement Act": Ministry of Justice translation
- Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say.
- Provision: 第三十一条 (Article 31)（反対給付又は他の給付の不履行に係る場合の強制執行） — address `art-31`
- Text in force since: 2026-05-21
- URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-31
- Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-31
- Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it.
- Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below.

Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text
below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and
says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this
site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names.
They are never merged and never substituted for one another.

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### 第三十一条（反対給付又は他の給付の不履行に係る場合の強制執行） — (Judicial Enforcement in Situations Involving Default of Counter-Performance or Other Performance)
<sup>caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>
<sup>art-31 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-31 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-31</sup>

  **第一項**  債務者の給付が反対給付と引換えにすべきものである場合においては、強制執行は、債権者が反対給付又はその提供のあつたことを証明したときに限り、開始することができる。
  <sup>art-31/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-31/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-31/par-1</sup>
  If an obligor's performance is due in exchange for counter-performance, judicial enforcement may begin only once the obligee proves that counter-performance has been made or tendered.
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

  **第二項**  債務者の給付が、他の給付について強制執行の目的を達することができない場合に、他の給付に代えてすべきものであるときは、強制執行は、債権者が他の給付について強制執行の目的を達することができなかつたことを証明したときに限り、開始することができる。
  <sup>art-31/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-31/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-31/par-2</sup>
  If an obligor's performance is due in lieu of some other performance in a case in which the purpose of judicial enforcement cannot be achieved for that other performance, judicial enforcement may begin only once the obligee proves that the purpose of judicial enforcement could not be achieved for that other performance.
  <sup>Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System</sup>

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## Sources

- e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民事執行法 — the text in force from 2026-05-21 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/354AC0000000004/20260521_505AC0000000053), retrieved 2026-10-19
- Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Enforcement Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4900/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19
- This site's parser, version 204 — 民事執行法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-19