# 民法 / Civil Code — 第五章 (Part 5, Chapter 5) - Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号 - English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第五章 (Part 5, Chapter 5) — address `pt-5/ch-5` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/pt-5/ch-5 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/pt-5/ch-5 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ## 第五章　財産分離 — Chapter V Separation of Patrimony heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-5/ch-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/pt-5/ch-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/pt-5/ch-5 ### 第九百四十一条（相続債権者又は受遺者の請求による財産分離） — (Separation of Patrimony at the Request of a Creditor of the Succession or Legatee) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-941 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-941 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-941 **第一項** 相続債権者又は受遺者は、相続開始の時から三箇月以内に、相続人の財産の中から相続財産を分離することを家庭裁判所に請求することができる。相続財産が相続人の固有財産と混合しない間は、その期間の満了後も、同様とする。 art-941/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-941/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-941/par-1 A creditor of the succession or a legatee may file a request with the family court for the decedent's estate to be separated from the property of an heir, within three months of the time the succession opens. The same applies with respect to the filing of such a request even after that period has elapsed, if the decedent's estate has not been mixed with the heir's personal property. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 家庭裁判所が前項の請求によって財産分離を命じたときは、その請求をした者は、五日以内に、他の相続債権者及び受遺者に対し、財産分離の命令があったこと及び一定の期間内に配当加入の申出をすべき旨を公告しなければならない。この場合において、その期間は、二箇月を下ることができない。 art-941/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-941/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-941/par-2 If the family court orders a separation of patrimony based on a request as referred to in the preceding paragraph, the person filing the request must issue public notice within five days indicating that an order for a separation of patrimony has been issued and that petitions for participation in the distribution must be filed within a specified period. This period, in such a case, may not be of less than two months. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 前項の規定による公告は、官報に掲載してする。 art-941/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-941/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-941/par-3 The public notice under the provisions of the preceding paragraph is issued by publication in the Official Gazette. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第九百四十二条（財産分離の効力） — (Effect of a Separation of Patrimony) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-942 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-942 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-942 **第一項** 財産分離の請求をした者及び前条第二項の規定により配当加入の申出をした者は、相続財産について、相続人の債権者に先立って弁済を受ける。 art-942/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-942/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-942/par-1 A person filing a request for a separation of patrimony and persons petitioning to participate in the distribution pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2) of the preceding Article are paid out of the estate with priority over the creditors of the heir. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第九百四十三条（財産分離の請求後の相続財産の管理） — (Administration of the Estate after a Request for a Separation of Patrimony) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-943 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-943 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-943 **第一項** 財産分離の請求があったときは、家庭裁判所は、相続財産の管理について必要な処分を命ずることができる。 art-943/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-943/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-943/par-1 If a request has been filed for a separation of patrimony, the family court may order any necessary measures for the administration of the estate. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 第二十七条から第二十九条までの規定は、前項の規定により家庭裁判所が相続財産の管理人を選任した場合について準用する。 art-943/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-943/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-943/par-2 The provisions of Article 27 through Article 29 apply mutatis mutandis if the family court appoints an administrator to the estate pursuant to the provisions of the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第九百四十四条（財産分離の請求後の相続人による管理） — (Administration by Heir after a Request for a Separation of Patrimony) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-944 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-944 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-944 **第一項** 相続人は、単純承認をした後でも、財産分離の請求があったときは、以後、その固有財産におけるのと同一の注意をもって、相続財産の管理をしなければならない。ただし、家庭裁判所が相続財産の管理人を選任したときは、この限りでない。 art-944/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-944/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-944/par-1 Even after an heir unconditionally accepts the succession, the heir must administer the estate with the same care that the heir would exercise over the heir's own property if a request for a separation of patrimony is filed; provided, however, that this does not apply if the family court appoints an administrator to the estate. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 第六百四十五条から第六百四十七条まで並びに第六百五十条第一項及び第二項の規定は、前項の場合について準用する。 art-944/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-944/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-944/par-2 The provisions of Article 645 through Article 647 and Article 650, paragraph (1) and (2) apply mutatis mutandis to a case as referred to in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第九百四十五条（不動産についての財産分離の対抗要件） — (Requirement for the Perfection of a Separation of Patrimony Involving Real Property) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-945 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-945 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-945 **第一項** 財産分離は、不動産については、その登記をしなければ、第三者に対抗することができない。 art-945/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-945/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-945/par-1 A separation of patrimony involving real property may not be asserted against a third party unless the separation is registered. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第九百四十六条（物上代位の規定の準用） — (Mutatis Mutandis Application of Provisions on the Extension of a Security Interest to the Proceeds of Collateral) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-946 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-946 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-946 **第一項** 第三百四条の規定は、財産分離の場合について準用する。 art-946/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-946/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-946/par-1 The provisions of Article 304 apply mutatis mutandis in the case of a separation of patrimony. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第九百四十七条（相続債権者及び受遺者に対する弁済） — (Making Payment and Delivery to Creditors of the Succession and Legatees) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-947 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-947 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-947 **第一項** 相続人は、第九百四十一条第一項及び第二項の期間の満了前には、相続債権者及び受遺者に対して弁済を拒むことができる。 art-947/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-947/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-947/par-1 An heir may refuse to make payment or delivery to a creditor of the succession or legatee before the expiration of the period referred to in Article 941, paragraph (1) or paragraph (2). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 財産分離の請求があったときは、相続人は、第九百四十一条第二項の期間の満了後に、相続財産をもって、財産分離の請求又は配当加入の申出をした相続債権者及び受遺者に、それぞれその債権額の割合に応じて弁済をしなければならない。ただし、優先権を有する債権者の権利を害することはできない。 art-947/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-947/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-947/par-2 If a request has been filed for a separation of patrimony, after the expiration of the period referred to in Article 941, paragraph (2), the heir must make payment or delivery to the creditors of the succession and legatees that have requested the separation of patrimony or petitioned to participate in the distribution, out of the assets of the estate, in proportion to the amount of each of their claims; provided, however, that this may not prejudice the rights of any creditor with a right of priority. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第九百三十条から第九百三十四条までの規定は、前項の場合について準用する。 art-947/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-947/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-947/par-3 The provisions of Article 930 through Article 934 apply mutatis mutandis to a case as referred to in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第九百四十八条（相続人の固有財産からの弁済） — (Payment or Delivery from the Heir's Own Assets) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-948 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-948 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-948 **第一項** 財産分離の請求をした者及び配当加入の申出をした者は、相続財産をもって全部の弁済を受けることができなかった場合に限り、相続人の固有財産についてその権利を行使することができる。この場合においては、相続人の債権者は、その者に先立って弁済を受けることができる。 art-948/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-948/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-948/par-1 A person requesting a separation of patrimony or a person petitioning to participate in a distribution may exercise rights against the heir's own property only if it was not possible for the person to receive full payment or delivery from out of the estate. Such a person may receive payment or delivery with priority over the creditors of the heir, in such a case. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第九百四十九条（財産分離の請求の防止等） — (Prevention of the Filing of Requests for a Separation of Patrimony) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-949 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-949 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-949 **第一項** 相続人は、その固有財産をもって相続債権者若しくは受遺者に弁済をし、又はこれに相当の担保を供して、財産分離の請求を防止し、又はその効力を消滅させることができる。ただし、相続人の債権者が、これによって損害を受けるべきことを証明して、異議を述べたときは、この限りでない。 art-949/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-949/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-949/par-1 An heir may use the heir's own property to make payment or delivery to the creditors of the succession and legatees or to provide reasonable security thereto, thereby preventing the filing of a request for the separation of patrimony or causing its effect to be extinguished; provided, however, that this does not apply if a creditor of the heir files an objection and demonstrates that this would cause harm to that creditor. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第九百五十条（相続人の債権者の請求による財産分離） — (Separation of Patrimony at the Request of the Creditor of an Heir) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-950 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-950 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-950 **第一項** 相続人が限定承認をすることができる間又は相続財産が相続人の固有財産と混合しない間は、相続人の債権者は、家庭裁判所に対して財産分離の請求をすることができる。 art-950/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-950/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-950/par-1 While an heir may yet assert a qualified acceptance, or while the estate has not yet been mixed with the heir's own property, a creditor of the heir may file a request with the family court for a separation of patrimony. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 第三百四条、第九百二十五条、第九百二十七条から第九百三十四条まで、第九百四十三条から第九百四十五条まで及び第九百四十八条の規定は、前項の場合について準用する。ただし、第九百二十七条の公告及び催告は、財産分離の請求をした債権者がしなければならない。 art-950/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-950/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-950/par-2 The provisions of Article 304; Article 925; Article 927 through Article 934; Article 943 through Article 945; and Article 948 apply mutatis mutandis to a case as referred to in the preceding paragraph; provided, however, that the public notice and notice to file referred to in Article 927 must be issued by the creditor requesting the separation of patrimony. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-941/par-2: 前項 → 民法 第九百四十一条第一項 (Article 941, paragraph (1)), art-941/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-941/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-941/par-1 - art-941/par-3: 前項 → 民法 第九百四十一条第二項 (Article 941, paragraph (2)), art-941/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-941/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-941/par-2 - art-942/par-1: 前条第二項 → 民法 第九百四十一条第二項 (Article 941, paragraph (2)), art-941/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-941/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-941/par-2 - art-943/par-2: 第二十七条から第二十九条まで → 民法 第二十七条 (Article 27), art-27 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-27 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-27 - art-943/par-2: 第二十七条から第二十九条まで → 民法 第二十八条 (Article 28), art-28 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-28 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-28 - art-943/par-2: 第二十七条から第二十九条まで → 民法 第二十九条 (Article 29), art-29 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-29 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-29 - art-943/par-2: 前項 → 民法 第九百四十三条第一項 (Article 943, paragraph (1)), art-943/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-943/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-943/par-1 - art-944/par-2: 第六百四十五条から第六百四十七条まで → 民法 第六百四十五条 (Article 645), art-645 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-645 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-645 - art-944/par-2: 第六百四十五条から第六百四十七条まで → 民法 第六百四十六条 (Article 646), art-646 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-646 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-646 - art-944/par-2: 第六百四十五条から第六百四十七条まで → 民法 第六百四十七条 (Article 647), art-647 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-647 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-647 - art-944/par-2: 第六百五十条第一項 → 民法 第六百五十条第一項 (Article 650, paragraph (1)), art-650/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-650/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-650/par-1 - art-944/par-2: 第二項 → 民法 第六百五十条第二項 (Article 650, paragraph (2)), art-650/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-650/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-650/par-2 - art-944/par-2: 前項 → 民法 第九百四十四条第一項 (Article 944, paragraph (1)), art-944/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-944/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-944/par-1 - art-946/par-1: 第三百四条 → 民法 第三百四条 (Article 304), art-304 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-304 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-304 - art-947/par-1: 第九百四十一条第一項 → 民法 第九百四十一条第一項 (Article 941, paragraph (1)), art-941/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-941/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-941/par-1 - art-947/par-1: 第二項 → 民法 第九百四十一条第二項 (Article 941, paragraph (2)), art-941/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-941/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-941/par-2 - art-947/par-2: 第九百四十一条第二項 → 民法 第九百四十一条第二項 (Article 941, paragraph (2)), art-941/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-941/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-941/par-2 - art-947/par-3: 第九百三十条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百三十条 (Article 930), art-930 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-930 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-930 - art-947/par-3: 第九百三十条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百三十一条 (Article 931), art-931 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-931 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-931 - art-947/par-3: 第九百三十条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百三十二条 (Article 932), art-932 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-932 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-932 - art-947/par-3: 第九百三十条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百三十三条 (Article 933), art-933 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-933 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-933 - art-947/par-3: 第九百三十条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百三十四条 (Article 934), art-934 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-934 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-934 - art-947/par-3: 前項 → 民法 第九百四十七条第二項 (Article 947, paragraph (2)), art-947/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-947/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-947/par-2 - art-950/par-2: 第三百四条 → 民法 第三百四条 (Article 304), art-304 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-304 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-304 - art-950/par-2: 第九百二十五条 → 民法 第九百二十五条 (Article 925), art-925 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-925 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-925 - art-950/par-2: 第九百二十七条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百二十七条 (Article 927), art-927 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-927 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-927 - art-950/par-2: 第九百二十七条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百二十八条 (Article 928), art-928 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-928 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-928 - art-950/par-2: 第九百二十七条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百二十九条 (Article 929), art-929 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-929 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-929 - art-950/par-2: 第九百二十七条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百三十条 (Article 930), art-930 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-930 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-930 - art-950/par-2: 第九百二十七条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百三十一条 (Article 931), art-931 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-931 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-931 - art-950/par-2: 第九百二十七条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百三十二条 (Article 932), art-932 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-932 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-932 - art-950/par-2: 第九百二十七条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百三十三条 (Article 933), art-933 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-933 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-933 - art-950/par-2: 第九百二十七条から第九百三十四条まで → 民法 第九百三十四条 (Article 934), art-934 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-934 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-934 - art-950/par-2: 第九百四十三条から第九百四十五条まで → 民法 第九百四十三条 (Article 943), art-943 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-943 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-943 - art-950/par-2: 第九百四十三条から第九百四十五条まで → 民法 第九百四十四条 (Article 944), art-944 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-944 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-944 - art-950/par-2: 第九百四十三条から第九百四十五条まで → 民法 第九百四十五条 (Article 945), art-945 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-945 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-945 - art-950/par-2: 第九百四十八条 → 民法 第九百四十八条 (Article 948), art-948 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-948 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-948 - art-950/par-2: 前項 → 民法 第九百五十条第一項 (Article 950, paragraph (1)), art-950/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-950/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-950/par-1 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 2 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4275/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11 - This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11