# 民法 / Civil Code — 第七章 (Part 2, Chapter 7) - Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号 - English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第七章 (Part 2, Chapter 7) — address `pt-2/ch-7` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/pt-2/ch-7 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/pt-2/ch-7 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ## 第七章　留置権 — Chapter VII Rights of Retention heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-2/ch-7 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/pt-2/ch-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/pt-2/ch-7 ### 第二百九十五条（留置権の内容） — (Content of Rights of Retention) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-295 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-295 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-295 **第一項** 他人の物の占有者は、その物に関して生じた債権を有するときは、その債権の弁済を受けるまで、その物を留置することができる。ただし、その債権が弁済期にないときは、この限りでない。 art-295/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-295/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-295/par-1 If a possessor of a thing belonging to another person has a claim that has arisen in relation to that thing, that possessor may retain that thing until that claim is satisfied; provided, however, that this does not apply if the relevant claim has not yet fallen due. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の規定は、占有が不法行為によって始まった場合には、適用しない。 art-295/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-295/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-295/par-2 The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply if possession commenced by means of a tort act. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百九十六条（留置権の不可分性） — (Indivisibility of Rights of Retention) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-296 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-296 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-296 **第一項** 留置権者は、債権の全部の弁済を受けるまでは、留置物の全部についてその権利を行使することができる。 art-296/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-296/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-296/par-1 A holder of a right of retention may exercise that holder's rights against the whole of the thing retained until the relevant claim is satisfied in its entirety. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百九十七条（留置権者による果実の収取） — (Collection of Fruits by Holders of Rights of Retention) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-297 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-297 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-297 **第一項** 留置権者は、留置物から生ずる果実を収取し、他の債権者に先立って、これを自己の債権の弁済に充当することができる。 art-297/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-297/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-297/par-1 A holder of a right of retention may collect fruits derived from the thing retained, and appropriate the same to the satisfaction of that holder's own claim before other obligees. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の果実は、まず債権の利息に充当し、なお残余があるときは元本に充当しなければならない。 art-297/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-297/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-297/par-2 The fruits referred to in the preceding paragraph must be appropriated first to the payment of interest on the claim, and any remainder must be appropriated to the satisfaction of the principal. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百九十八条（留置権者による留置物の保管等） — (Custody of Thing Retained by Holders of Rights of Retention) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-298 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-298 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-298 **第一項** 留置権者は、善良な管理者の注意をもって、留置物を占有しなければならない。 art-298/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-298/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-298/par-1 The holder of a right of retention must possess the thing retained with the due care of a prudent manager. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 留置権者は、債務者の承諾を得なければ、留置物を使用し、賃貸し、又は担保に供することができない。ただし、その物の保存に必要な使用をすることは、この限りでない。 art-298/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-298/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-298/par-2 The holder of the right of retention may not use, lease or provide as a security the thing retained unless that holder obtains the consent of the obligor; provided, however, that this does not apply to uses necessary for the preservation of that thing. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 留置権者が前二項の規定に違反したときは、債務者は、留置権の消滅を請求することができる。 art-298/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-298/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-298/par-3 If the holder of a right of retention violates the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, the obligor may demand that the right of retention be terminated. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百九十九条（留置権者による費用の償還請求） — (Demands for Reimbursement of Expenses by Holders of Rights of Retention) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-299 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-299 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-299 **第一項** 留置権者は、留置物について必要費を支出したときは、所有者にその償還をさせることができる。 art-299/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-299/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-299/par-1 If the holder of a right of retention incurs necessary expenses with respect to the thing retained, that holder may have the owner reimburse the same. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 留置権者は、留置物について有益費を支出したときは、これによる価格の増加が現存する場合に限り、所有者の選択に従い、その支出した金額又は増価額を償還させることができる。ただし、裁判所は、所有者の請求により、その償還について相当の期限を許与することができる。 art-299/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-299/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-299/par-2 If the holder of a right of retention incurs beneficial expenses with respect to the thing retained, to the extent that there is currently an increase in value as a result of the same, that holder may have the expenses incurred or the increase in value reimbursed at the owner's choice; provided, however, that the court may, at the request of the owner, grant a reasonable period of time for the reimbursement of the same. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百条（留置権の行使と債権の消滅時効） — (Exercise of Rights of Retention and Extinctive Prescription of Claims) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-300 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-300 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-300 **第一項** 留置権の行使は、債権の消滅時効の進行を妨げない。 art-300/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-300/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-300/par-1 The exercise of a right of retention does not preclude the running of extinctive prescription of claims. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百一条（担保の供与による留置権の消滅） — (Extinction of Rights of Retention by Provision of Security) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-301 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-301 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-301 **第一項** 債務者は、相当の担保を供して、留置権の消滅を請求することができる。 art-301/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-301/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-301/par-1 An obligor may demand that a right of retention be terminated by providing a reasonable security. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第三百二条（占有の喪失による留置権の消滅） — (Extinction of Rights of Retention by Loss of Possession) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-302 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-302 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-302 **第一項** 留置権は、留置権者が留置物の占有を失うことによって、消滅する。ただし、第二百九十八条第二項の規定により留置物を賃貸し、又は質権の目的としたときは、この限りでない。 art-302/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-302/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-302/par-1 A right of retention is extinguished if the holder of the right of retention loses possession of the thing retained; provided, however, that this does not apply if the thing retained is leased or it is made the subject of a pledge pursuant to the provisions of Article 298, paragraph (2). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-295/par-2: 前項 → 民法 第二百九十五条第一項 (Article 295, paragraph (1)), art-295/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-295/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-295/par-1 - art-297/par-2: 前項 → 民法 第二百九十七条第一項 (Article 297, paragraph (1)), art-297/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-297/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-297/par-1 - art-298/par-3: 前二項 → 民法 第二百九十八条第一項 (Article 298, paragraph (1)), art-298/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-298/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-298/par-1 - art-298/par-3: 前二項 → 民法 第二百九十八条第二項 (Article 298, paragraph (2)), art-298/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-298/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-298/par-2 - art-302/par-1: 第二百九十八条第二項 → 民法 第二百九十八条第二項 (Article 298, paragraph (2)), art-298/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-298/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-298/par-2 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11 - This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11