# 民法 / Civil Code — 第六章 (Part 2, Chapter 6) - Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号 - English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第六章 (Part 2, Chapter 6) — address `pt-2/ch-6` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/pt-2/ch-6 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/pt-2/ch-6 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ## 第六章　地役権 — Chapter VI Servitudes heading: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System pt-2/ch-6 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/pt-2/ch-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/pt-2/ch-6 ### 第二百八十条（地役権の内容） — (Content of Servitudes) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-280 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-280 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-280 **第一項** 地役権者は、設定行為で定めた目的に従い、他人の土地を自己の土地の便益に供する権利を有する。ただし、第三章第一節（所有権の限界）の規定（公の秩序に関するものに限る。）に違反しないものでなければならない。 art-280/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-280/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-280/par-1 A servitude holder has the right to use another person's land for the convenience of their own lands in accordance with purposes prescribed in the act establishing the servitude; provided, however, that this right must not violate the provisions (limited to those that relate to public policy) under Section 1 of Chapter 3 (Extent of Ownership). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百八十一条（地役権の付従性） — (Accessoriness of Servitudes) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-281 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-281 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-281 **第一項** 地役権は、要役地（地役権者の土地であって、他人の土地から便益を受けるものをいう。以下同じ。）の所有権に従たるものとして、その所有権とともに移転し、又は要役地について存する他の権利の目的となるものとする。ただし、設定行為に別段の定めがあるときは、この限りでない。 art-281/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-281/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-281/par-1 Servitudes are transferred together with the ownership in the dominant land (meaning the land of a servitude holder, enjoying benefits from another person's land; the same applies below) as its appurtenances, and are subject of other rights that exist in relation to the dominant land; provided, however, that this does not apply if the act establishing the servitude provides otherwise. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 地役権は、要役地から分離して譲り渡し、又は他の権利の目的とすることができない。 art-281/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-281/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-281/par-2 Servitudes may neither be transferred nor made the subject of other rights apart from the dominant land. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百八十二条（地役権の不可分性） — (Indivisibility of Servitudes) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-282 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-282 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-282 **第一項** 土地の共有者の一人は、その持分につき、その土地のために又はその土地について存する地役権を消滅させることができない。 art-282/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-282/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-282/par-1 One of the co-owners of land may not terminate, with respect to that owner's own interest, a servitude that exists on behalf of or in relation to the land. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 土地の分割又はその一部の譲渡の場合には、地役権は、その各部のために又はその各部について存する。ただし、地役権がその性質により土地の一部のみに関するときは、この限りでない。 art-282/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-282/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-282/par-2 If the land is partitioned or portion of the land is transferred to another person, the servitude exists on behalf of or in relation to the respective portions of the same; provided, however, that this does not apply if the servitude, by its nature, relates only to a portion of the land. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百八十三条（地役権の時効取得） — (Acquisition of Servitudes by Prescription) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-283 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-283 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-283 **第一項** 地役権は、継続的に行使され、かつ、外形上認識することができるものに限り、時効によって取得することができる。 art-283/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-283/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-283/par-1 A servitude may be acquired by prescription so long as it is continuously exercised and can be externally recognized. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百八十四条 art-284 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-284 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-284 **第一項** 土地の共有者の一人が時効によって地役権を取得したときは、他の共有者も、これを取得する。 art-284/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-284/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-284/par-1 If one of the co-owners of land acquires a servitude by prescription, the other co-owners also acquire the same servitude. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 共有者に対する時効の更新は、地役権を行使する各共有者に対してしなければ、その効力を生じない。 art-284/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-284/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-284/par-2 Renewal of period of prescription does not become effective against co-owners unless it is made against each co-owner that exercises the servitude. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 地役権を行使する共有者が数人ある場合には、その一人について時効の完成猶予の事由があっても、時効は、各共有者のために進行する。 art-284/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-284/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-284/par-3 If there are two or more co-owners that exercise a servitude, even if there is any ground for postponement of expiration of prescription period with respect to one of them, the prescription runs in favor of each co-owner. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百八十五条（用水地役権） — (Servitude for Water Use) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-285 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-285 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-285 **第一項** 用水地役権の承役地（地役権者以外の者の土地であって、要役地の便益に供されるものをいう。以下同じ。）において、水が要役地及び承役地の需要に比して不足するときは、その各土地の需要に応じて、まずこれを生活用に供し、その残余を他の用途に供するものとする。ただし、設定行為に別段の定めがあるときは、この限りでない。 art-285/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-285/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-285/par-1 If water on servient land (meaning a land of a person other than the servitude holder, made available for the benefit of the dominant land; the same applies below) subject to a servitude for water use is insufficient for the demand of the dominant land and the servient land, the water is to be used in proportion to the demand on each parcel of land, firstly for household purposes with the remaining portion used for other purposes; provided, however, that this does not apply if the act establishing the servitude provides otherwise. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 同一の承役地について数個の用水地役権を設定したときは、後の地役権者は、前の地役権者の水の使用を妨げてはならない。 art-285/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-285/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-285/par-2 If more than one servitude for water use is created with respect to the same servient land, the subsequent servitude holders may not prevent the use of water by the previous servitude holders. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百八十六条（承役地の所有者の工作物の設置義務等） — (Obligations of Owners of Servient Land to Install Structures) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-286 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-286 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-286 **第一項** 設定行為又は設定後の契約により、承役地の所有者が自己の費用で地役権の行使のために工作物を設け、又はその修繕をする義務を負担したときは、承役地の所有者の特定承継人も、その義務を負担する。 art-286/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-286/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-286/par-1 If the owner of servient land has borne obligations to install or repair structures for the exercise of a servitude at that owner's own expense by the act establishing the servitude or by a contract concluded after the establishment, specific successors of the owner of the servient land also bear those obligations. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百八十七条 art-287 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-287 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-287 **第一項** 承役地の所有者は、いつでも、地役権に必要な土地の部分の所有権を放棄して地役権者に移転し、これにより前条の義務を免れることができる。 art-287/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-287/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-287/par-1 An owner of servient land may be exempted from obligations of the preceding Article at any time by abandoning the ownership in the portion of the land necessary for the servitude and transferring the same to the servitude holder. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百八十八条（承役地の所有者の工作物の使用） — (Use of Structures by the Owner of Servient Lands) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-288 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-288 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-288 **第一項** 承役地の所有者は、地役権の行使を妨げない範囲内において、その行使のために承役地の上に設けられた工作物を使用することができる。 art-288/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-288/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-288/par-1 The owner of a servient land may use structures installed on the servient land for the exercise of the servitude to the extent the use does not obstruct the exercise of that servitude. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の場合には、承役地の所有者は、その利益を受ける割合に応じて、工作物の設置及び保存の費用を分担しなければならない。 art-288/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-288/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-288/par-2 In the cases referred to in the preceding paragraph, the owner of the servient land must bear the expense for the installation and preservation of the structures in proportion to the benefit that owner receives. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百八十九条（承役地の時効取得による地役権の消滅） — (Extinction of Servitude by Acquisition by Prescription of Servient Lands) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-289 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-289 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-289 **第一項** 承役地の占有者が取得時効に必要な要件を具備する占有をしたときは、地役権は、これによって消滅する。 art-289/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-289/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-289/par-1 If a possessor of servient land has possessed that land in conformity with the necessary requirements for acquisitive prescription, the servitude is extinguished thereby. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百九十条 art-290 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-290 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-290 **第一項** 前条の規定による地役権の消滅時効は、地役権者がその権利を行使することによって中断する。 art-290/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-290/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-290/par-1 The extinctive prescription under the preceding Article is renewed by the servitude holder exercising the relevant rights. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百九十一条（地役権の消滅時効） — (Extinctive Prescription of Servitudes) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-291 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-291 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-291 **第一項** 第百六十六条第二項に規定する消滅時効の期間は、継続的でなく行使される地役権については最後の行使の時から起算し、継続的に行使される地役権についてはその行使を妨げる事実が生じた時から起算する。 art-291/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-291/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-291/par-1 The period of the extinctive prescription provided for in Article 166, paragraph (2) commences upon the final exercise of the servitude if the servitude is not exercised continuously, and upon the occurrence of a fact that prevents the exercise of the servitude if the servitude is exercised continuously. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百九十二条 art-292 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-292 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-292 **第一項** 要役地が数人の共有に属する場合において、その一人のために時効の完成猶予又は更新があるときは、その完成猶予又は更新は、他の共有者のためにも、その効力を生ずる。 art-292/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-292/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-292/par-1 If dominant land is co-owned by more than one person, and expiry of prescription period is postponed or prescription period is renewed in favor of one co-owner, the postponement of expiration of prescription period or the renewal of prescription period is also effective for the benefit of other co-owners. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百九十三条 art-293 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-293 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-293 **第一項** 地役権者がその権利の一部を行使しないときは、その部分のみが時効によって消滅する。 art-293/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-293/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-293/par-1 If a servitude holder does not exercise a portion of that holder's rights, only that portion is extinguished by prescription. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System ### 第二百九十四条（共有の性質を有しない入会権） — (Rights of Common without the Nature of Co-Ownership) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-294 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-294 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-294 **第一項** 共有の性質を有しない入会権については、各地方の慣習に従うほか、この章の規定を準用する。 art-294/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-294/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-294/par-1 Rights of common that do not have the nature of co-ownership are governed by local customs and are otherwise subject to the mutatis mutandis application of the provisions of this Chapter. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-287/par-1: 前条 → 民法 第二百八十六条 (Article 286), art-286 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-286 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-286 - art-288/par-2: 前項 → 民法 第二百八十八条第一項 (Article 288, paragraph (1)), art-288/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-288/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-288/par-1 - art-290/par-1: 前条 → 民法 第二百八十九条 (Article 289), art-289 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-289 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-289 - art-291/par-1: 第百六十六条第二項 → 民法 第百六十六条第二項 (Article 166, paragraph (2)), art-166/par-2 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-166/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-166/par-2 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11 - This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11