# 民法 / Civil Code — 第五百五条 (Article 505) - Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号 - English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第五百五条 (Article 505)（相殺の要件等） — address `art-505` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-505 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-505 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第五百五条（相殺の要件等） — (Requirements for Set-Offs) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-505 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-505 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-505 **第一項** 二人が互いに同種の目的を有する債務を負担する場合において、双方の債務が弁済期にあるときは、各債務者は、その対当額について相殺によってその債務を免れることができる。ただし、債務の性質がこれを許さないときは、この限りでない。 art-505/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-505/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-505/par-1 If two persons bear an obligation to each other that has the same kind of purpose and if both obligations are due, each obligor may be relieved from the obligation by setting off the value of that obligation against the corresponding amount of the obligation of the other obligor; provided, however, that this does not apply if the nature of the obligation does not permit such a set-off. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の規定にかかわらず、当事者が相殺を禁止し、又は制限する旨の意思表示をした場合には、その意思表示は、第三者がこれを知り、又は重大な過失によって知らなかったときに限り、その第三者に対抗することができる。 art-505/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-505/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-505/par-2 Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if a party manifests the intention to prohibit or restrict a set-off, that manifestation of the intention may be duly asserted against a third party only if the third party knew or did not know due to gross negligence it. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-505/par-2: 前項 → 民法 第五百五条第一項 (Article 505, paragraph (1)), art-505/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-505/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-505/par-1 ## Cited by 1 provision cites this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 民法 第五百五条第二項（相殺の要件等） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-505/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-505/par-2 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11 - This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11