# 民法 / Civil Code — 第四百三十九条 (Article 439) - Law: 民法 (Civil Code), 明治二十九年法律第八十九号 - English title "Civil Code": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第四百三十九条 (Article 439)（連帯債務者の一人による相殺等） — address `art-439` - Text in force since: 2026-06-24 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-439 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-439 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第四百三十九条（連帯債務者の一人による相殺等） — (Set-Offs by One of Joint and Several Obligors) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-439 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-439 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-439 **第一項** 連帯債務者の一人が債権者に対して債権を有する場合において、その連帯債務者が相殺を援用したときは、債権は、全ての連帯債務者の利益のために消滅する。 art-439/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-439/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-439/par-1 If one of the joint and several obligors has a claim against the obligee and invokes a set-off, the claim is extinguished for the benefit of all joint and several obligors. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 前項の債権を有する連帯債務者が相殺を援用しない間は、その連帯債務者の負担部分の限度において、他の連帯債務者は、債権者に対して債務の履行を拒むことができる。 art-439/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-439/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-439/par-2 Until the joint and several obligor that has the claim referred to in the preceding paragraph invokes a set-off, other joint and several obligors may refuse to perform the obligation to the obligee only to the extent of that joint and several obligor's share of the obligation. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System --- ## Cites - art-439/par-2: 前項 → 民法 第四百三十九条第一項 (Article 439, paragraph (1)), art-439/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-439/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-439/par-1 ## Cited by 3 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 民法 第四百三十九条第二項（連帯債務者の一人による相殺等） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-439/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-439/par-2 - 民法 第四百四十一条第一項（相対的効力の原則） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-441/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-441/par-1 - 民法 第四百五十八条第一項（連帯保証人について生じた事由の効力） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-code/art-458/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/129AC0000000089/art-458/par-1 --- ## Sources - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 民法 — the text in force from 2026-06-24 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/129AC0000000089/20260624_508AC0000000045), retrieved 2026-10-11 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Civil Code — Ministry of Justice translation (part 1 of 2) (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4848/tb), retrieved 2026-10-11 - This site's parser, version 190 — 民法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-11