# 破産法 / Bankruptcy Act — 第三十四条 (Article 34) - Law: 破産法 (Bankruptcy Act), 平成十六年法律第七十五号 - English title "Bankruptcy Act": Ministry of Justice translation - Kind: Act — the distinction between 法律 (Act), 政令 (Cabinet Order), 省令 (Ministerial Order) and 条例 (local ordinance) decides who may issue it and what it may say. - Provision: 第三十四条 (Article 34)（破産財団の範囲） — address `art-34` - Text in force since: 2026-05-21 - URL (the page that opens at this provision): https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34 - Permanent URL (e-Gov law ID, never renamed): https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34 - Every provision below carries its address and both URLs on the line under it. - Japanese text: e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁). English: as marked on each line below. Only the Japanese as published by the government has legal effect; the text below is a copy of it. Every English rendering below is a translation and says which kind: the Ministry of Justice's translation, or this site's machine translation, whose model and date the Sources list names. They are never merged and never substituted for one another. --- ### 第三十四条（破産財団の範囲） — (Scope of Bankruptcy Estate) caption: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System art-34 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34 **第一項** 破産者が破産手続開始の時において有する一切の財産（日本国内にあるかどうかを問わない。）は、破産財団とする。 art-34/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-1 Any and all property that a bankrupt holds at the time of commencement of bankruptcy proceedings (irrespective of whether it exists in Japan) is to constitute a bankruptcy estate. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第二項** 破産者が破産手続開始前に生じた原因に基づいて行うことがある将来の請求権は、破産財団に属する。 art-34/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-2 Any claim which may arise in the future and be enforced by the bankrupt based on a cause that has occurred prior to the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings is to belong to the bankruptcy estate. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第三項** 第一項の規定にかかわらず、次に掲げる財産は、破産財団に属しない。 art-34/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-3 Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1), the following property does not belong to a bankruptcy estate: Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **一** 民事執行法（昭和五十四年法律第四号）第百三十一条第三号に規定する額に二分の三を乗じた額の金銭 art-34/par-3/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-3/item-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-3/item-1 money obtained by multiplying the amount prescribed in Article 131, item (iii) of the Civil Enforcement Act (Act No. 4 of 1979) by one and a half; and Ministry of Justice translation with a slip corrected by this site — not the Ministry's text; the Ministry printed: "money obtained by multiplying the amount prescribed in Article 131, item (iii) of the Civil Enforcement Act (Act No. 4 of 1979) by two-thirds; and" — https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb **二** 差し押さえることができない財産（民事執行法第百三十一条第三号に規定する金銭を除く。）。ただし、同法第百三十二条第一項（同法第百九十二条において準用する場合を含む。）の規定により差押えが許されたもの及び破産手続開始後に差し押さえることができるようになったものは、この限りでない。 art-34/par-3/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-3/item-2 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-3/item-2 property that may not be seized (excluding money prescribed in Article 131, item (iii) of the Civil Enforcement Act); provided, however, that this does not apply to property for which a seizure is allowed pursuant to the provisions of Article 132, paragraph (1) of that Act (including cases as applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 192 of that Act) and property which becomes seizable after the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第四項** 裁判所は、破産手続開始の決定があった時から当該決定が確定した日以後一月を経過する日までの間、破産者の申立てにより又は職権で、決定で、破産者の生活の状況、破産手続開始の時において破産者が有していた前項各号に掲げる財産の種類及び額、破産者が収入を得る見込みその他の事情を考慮して、破産財団に属しない財産の範囲を拡張することができる。 art-34/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-4 During the period from the time when an order commencing bankruptcy proceedings is issued until the day on which one month has elapsed since the day on which the order becomes final and binding, by an order and upon the petition of the bankrupt or by its own authority, the court may expand the scope of property that does not belong to the bankruptcy estate, while taking into consideration the bankrupt's living conditions, the types of property stated in the items of the preceding paragraph that the bankrupt held at the time of commencement of bankruptcy proceedings and the amount of its value, the likelihood for the bankrupt to earn income and any other relevant circumstances. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第五項** 裁判所は、前項の決定をするに当たっては、破産管財人の意見を聴かなければならない。 art-34/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-5 The court must hear an opinion of a bankruptcy trustee when issuing an order stated in the preceding paragraph. Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第六項** 第四項の申立てを却下する決定に対しては、破産者は、即時抗告をすることができる。 art-34/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-6 The bankrupt may file an immediate appeal against an order dismissing the petition stated in paragraph (4). Ministry of Justice translation — Japanese Law Translation Database System **第七項** 第四項の決定又は前項の即時抗告についての裁判があった場合には、その裁判書を破産者及び破産管財人に送達しなければならない。この場合においては、第十条第三項本文の規定は、適用しない。 art-34/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-7 If an order stated in paragraph (4) or a judicial decision on the immediate appeal stated in the preceding paragraph is made, the written judgment must be served upon the bankrupt and the bankruptcy trustee. In this case, the provisions of the main clause of Article 10, paragraph (3) do not apply. machine translation, not official --- ## Cites - art-34/par-3: 第一項 → 破産法 第三十四条第一項 (Article 34, paragraph (1)), art-34/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-1 - art-34/par-3/item-1: 民事執行法（昭和五十四年法律第四号）第百三十一条第三号 → 民事執行法 第百三十一条第一項第三号 (Article 131, paragraph (1), item (iii)), art-131/par-1/item-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-131/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-131/par-1/item-3 - art-34/par-3/item-2: 民事執行法第百三十一条第三号 → 民事執行法 第百三十一条第一項第三号 (Article 131, paragraph (1), item (iii)), art-131/par-1/item-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-131/par-1/item-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-131/par-1/item-3 - art-34/par-3/item-2: 同法第百三十二条第一項 → 民事執行法 第百三十二条第一項 (Article 132, paragraph (1)), art-132/par-1 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-132/par-1 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-132/par-1 - art-34/par-3/item-2: 同法第百九十二条 → 民事執行法 第百九十二条 (Article 192), art-192 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/civil-enforcement-act/art-192 · https://japanlaw.org/l/354AC0000000004/art-192 - art-34/par-4: 前項 → 破産法 第三十四条第三項 (Article 34, paragraph (3)), art-34/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-3 - art-34/par-5: 前項 → 破産法 第三十四条第四項 (Article 34, paragraph (4)), art-34/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-4 - art-34/par-6: 第四項 → 破産法 第三十四条第四項 (Article 34, paragraph (4)), art-34/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-4 - art-34/par-7: 第四項 → 破産法 第三十四条第四項 (Article 34, paragraph (4)), art-34/par-4 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-4 - art-34/par-7: 前項 → 破産法 第三十四条第六項 (Article 34, paragraph (6)), art-34/par-6 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-6 - art-34/par-7: 第十条第三項 → 破産法 第十条第三項 (Article 10, paragraph (3)), art-10/par-3 — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-10/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-10/par-3 ## Cited by 6 provisions cite this one. No official source publishes this direction. - 破産法 第三十四条第三項（破産財団の範囲） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-3 - 破産法 第三十四条第四項（破産財団の範囲） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-4 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-4 - 破産法 第三十四条第五項（破産財団の範囲） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-5 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-5 - 破産法 第三十四条第六項（破産財団の範囲） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-6 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-6 - 破産法 第三十四条第七項（破産財団の範囲） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-34/par-7 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-34/par-7 - 破産法 第二百五十八条第三項（個人の破産手続に関する登記の嘱託等） — https://japanlaw.org/ja/bankruptcy-act/art-258/par-3 · https://japanlaw.org/l/416AC0000000075/art-258/par-3 --- ## Sources - claude-opus-5-5 — Corrections to the Ministry of Justice's English of paragraphs, written 2026-10-19 - e-Gov 法令検索, Digital Agency (デジタル庁) — 破産法 — the text in force from 2026-05-21 (https://laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/416AC0000000075/20260521_505AC0000000053), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Bankruptcy Act — Ministry of Justice translation (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - Japanese Law Translation Database System, Ministry of Justice (法務省) — Bankruptcy Act (破産法), Article 34, paragraph (3), item (i) — the Ministry of Justice's English as printed (https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/4895/tb), retrieved 2026-10-19 - claude-sonnet-5-5 — Machine translation, batch bankruptcy-act-20261019T021325-001, translated 2026-10-19 - This site's parser, version 204 — 破産法 — structure, counts, cross-references and defined terms, computed 2026-10-19